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Show Rotation of Crops and f Better Seed Selection j to Aid Tomato Industr I Bv DRti GEORGE R. Hil l-. JR, nmi M. MERRILL. The difficulty of growing hlgh-.v 'leW-i.H- rrops "I uood ,ualli suitable for cunning is Increasing. The canning Industry is becoming more and more intensive .Mole pe-ts are making their I appearace each year. In spite of hard work on the part of the farmers, the Yield of lomutoes and peas in Willi" sections Is less than It vvas when the' industry was law. Repeater ca'MH havt come from growers la the Hun experiment station for help. At a, meeting of the Utah fanners' association, associa-tion, a special request vvas made that hi Ogperlment station give more of Its attention 10 a mlution of these pressing problems. As a resul. of that request, the following report is made:. The botany department of the experiment exper-iment station, has been studying the dlseuse of the tomato and other canning can-ning crops forBcveral years. During! recent .ears this department and the horticultural department have eo-oper-it..l in making a survey of the cropsi contributing to the canning Industry j throughout the state for the purpose of finding out exactly what the conditions condi-tions are and the problems that seem' to be of the most pressing import-! ance. frequent visits have been made to truck crop districts over the state, i .mil considerable time has been spent where the problems were mosi acute The following Is u br.ci summary ofi conditions with recommendations hy tAe botany department! TOM Vl pi l UISEASl S In certain distrlcta s great deal of disease among tomato pi mts w is found 1 ihe tields The most serious of these diseases is the wilt. Khlsi cotiiia vvas also found to be fairly prevalent during the past season, and in some fields to have done considerable consid-erable damage. As a result of these diseases the plants were either killed or conslderalily weakened with tho result that yields In badly diseased i parts of the field were low The qual- ity of tomutoes from diseased plants Was found to bo poor Tho diseased , conditions were found this year, as In previous years, to be due to too frequent fre-quent i ropptng. and In some cases, to continuous cropping. The prime need of the canning Industry is a more thorough rotation Of ciops. Strong, vigorous, healthy plants cannot be produced on soils that arc hot bsds of dlbease. When the soli once becomes Infected with diseases other crops should be grown upon that soil for several years in order to starve out the disease. Where diseases are prevalent, pre-valent, rotation is Indispensable; Lack of proper rotation is one Of the big causes of the decrease in yield, s i ROMG SEEDLINGS Another problem of vital Importance is the production of good, strong seed-I seed-I plants in the hot bed. Last year, the season was very- late, and as a result, re-sult, plants had to be kept In the hot bids longer than they should have been. Sufficient attention was not given, on the pari of the farmers, to the preparation of their seed beds. j The plants coulu not acquire the vigor they should have had because the seed beds were not well pre part d. They were weakened because of being crowded too long. The seed bed was not sterilized betore planting time and consequently ' damping-oft dls. asi s obtained a loot hold In bods and found conditions favorable fOI their rapid spread. In many hot beds, all the plants wen destroyed by these dla j cases. Fully per cent of the bot beds In certain sections of the state contained the disease to a serious degree de-gree As a result the remaining plants in the bed were weakened. When i weakened plant of this type is plunted I Is often days and even weeks betore it begins to giow at all; it never attains at-tains the vigor acquired Dy the normal M'' -' -t's ... r,. or fields of tomatoes ripened their , crops from two to three weeks later than thev should hav, done. dm. to i nis weakening process. The seed beds should be properly eohstrut t d '" ; sfl 1 cleaned out and made sanitary every year, and the should bs wat. red ami cared for in s.ieh a w , as to Keep the plants strong enough to I'S.s. u.hv-ase attacks. IMPKOP1 Et SE1 u in DS. A1.0...1. cause of lute maturing fit uis of tomatoes was traced to improper conditions In the seed bed men though die Lses were not found. Oftentimes plants are left in the Iped bed loo lo.l without transplanting or thinning, and SjS a result the become s,j coowded they become loi.g and spindling. When the are transplanted to the liebls 'hose long stems cannot carrv water to the leaves fast enough and the plants droop over und wilt. As a result re-sult thev receive a check of from ten days to two weeks or longer. The Ne-' crot of getting early tomatoes Is to ; grow the kind of plants thai can bs taken to the field und continue their' growth wthout any setback and with! .. maximum Of v igor The practice, of I having plants grown by experts employed em-ployed by the canning companies tol be distributed among the formers as needed. Is suggested. Such a prac-1 tlOl .mold probably pay for i--.,lt s,.v. eral time8 over each year til M RA1 1(1 OMMI VBA'l ins The following gen. ru.1 reror.inio .1 i tlpns are mado for the benefit of the farmers. l. A thorough rotation of cops la absolutely fundamental to quality Und ; yield It Is the only way In which our most serious diseases can bo held in check. j Idort in I I r (tlon of the . ,i;cJ Interru tin it ii in ' 1 - r hei , , i . i '.in' to dlsi , and thigl quired vigor gives greater vieidj I ' better quality. 3. I'm .1 gl pari Icularl) Is this u u of togl plants ' 1 ' ' ' 1 .'tic ,i i Igai .on -1 . oi. s. , , I', dlsS spread i 1 tpldl Ihe pi mtsfl I weaken' 'i I'J to p)u llll ' ' h !; , ' this kind. ftt Mini; I t!iej j a great extent ma. m i lrl v c" "I crop- . . 'lurfl I i. Li - v he: hi nina len l by I borough n i i cultivation .of tl i ich cii tlOl naVOS inOlflture .unl uini ;(. jj roots with abundance of alfj III. .... ..Li vgj ous j'Unt is no ouai)' for in .linu Id Weak- -i d I'lOJiU- i, need bt or a tht of the failures of I.im season. fl l .NM.in I II I ii Ml.N. Th' If el 1. ' .'ll j vvnl e i i rpm I ' ' rol lows tho propi in : ! ii.-. .uid i a splendid tnlng il nil the field mi couid t- " ' i "k or margT aucuss iie'ii pro i mi to fliJJJJJJJ , . i n. flH mental to planl prodm rr..i(tH conferences pay. I'HO f III mM 1 1, i if,-(H ,i in cnH Since Dr. M t0 tsH h.irj,"- of i hi J .itf-fi i .i 1 1 n I - ii .., the! relation oi tin-. ... uumH Industry Tne toliown,- i lnrn-3 jH .: lr-g i bull of its survey: I i. Rotation oi . no; praH ed i 1 1 iii. . ,. mnf .'i,:rieS The ferliliti ol lie , mi'.ot bZ maintained at its m . i ithot ' rotation. aro rjm I sponslbl- foi ;h. i,., iii j,.,, - .i.ulneH by man) growers . ml lack attention to ticeessarjM lTodlHe .i.e.- pi..-. 1 EUSD1 i i li w i i ii. " Ida oi other rops, on g.tsB i 1 a cannH .'.k-illisl Wei,;. IhrtB nwiK i- reoHI mend, i i . , W!kw 'i' 'I shad. i TsftE i-.. I'll'.' "troflH the I ,).-e Ol t In t lljX ' 1 ". "I 'A . .1 'ullli utlon ami ro.., , ropJ gH , , . ! ri weSH check. '- IE ter adapted to our needs. VanH b hli n trtatui hilfl a yield Vl totSK' fell itrnm . do liiJChH piu iiictionH c nueB i. nit ihsV "i ui-ur.il cosM I'-Ke ami the farmers. "m 11 Kl ll S . )f I: n ofS In I ti-aoMm 'o urn tn... . ;.jaM u"' "' sstfl i)iH mirorm hH ! patH depends upon uniformity. J i. tvitsM frssfl "'" :ed lM rosfl . . pi . liH u,'h lomut . pi .,,14 an I ...hblll "I ' 'vier seed timn to harvest W iN l-'IRJM TOM VTO J o finsK r:9n-E ii U--B ifcsS it i- tiiH " .. . iff . '.niil 'i Jbkfl : I tum '' mad Tie i . 'I'i'it'SK 1 ' ' ol '"' of tomatoe ssstK "n.i firmness. 'B re ,.r." ' nd to keep ,,,,, ,, , |