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Show DAI11Y AND POULTRY. INTEIIGSTINa CHAPTERS TOR OUR RURAL READERS. Usw SurtrMtnl I annus Operal This lrliu.nl of lli rsrm A I sir Hint. ., io iu. c.ra ( Ult Slock sod 1-wultrr. ahlninillk an! Contagion. Farmers snd all others should roc-ognlw roc-ognlw the fact thst factory aklm-mllk. unlets pattrurlted, can and does causa the spread of tuberculosis and other diseases romrnon to our cows. It needs no new u, monstratlon to prove that tuberculous cows can spread the dlt-i dlt-i ase through their milk. Thero nevor i kat been a meana more lilted far that purpose than the factory system In I "nleh the milk Is taken to tho factory ! for skimming and then returned to the ,Plrons to bo ltd to their young calves The trouble It that a single cow It thus enabled to Infect the country far and wide? Under tho old systems ot "one skimmings the milk was disposed dis-posed largely at home, and there was little rhanre of carrying the disease pato othnr farmt. This, Indeed, allowed al-lowed the disease to spread, but at a very alow rate The milk waa not fed to calves on other farms. Hut now all ot the fshes within a wide radius get a portion of the diseased product. 11 Is In this way the dlseaso It kept alive, at least among calves. 11 has been demonstrated by claborato experiments experi-ments that nearly all ot the calves of tuberrulcus rows are freo from tho troublo ot birth. Tho trouble Is transmitted trans-mitted to them through the milk ot their mothers. In aonio experiments In Germany hardly more than ono per cent ct the calves showed any aliens of consumption, but after being fed on their mothers' milk for some weekt 11 per cent wero found to bo affected. The way then to eradicate tuberculosis It to prevent tho calves from being given ths disease. It will thus bo seen that under proper prop-er treatment factory skimmed milk Is far superior to the homo product, for It can bo patteurlied till all germs are destroyed. Then It can be taken home for tbo ute of the calves, and such calves will grow up on a diet freo from all objections. The eareleta uso of factory skimmed milk should be abandoned and tbo careful use substituted. substi-tuted. The patrons should make dill-(tnt dill-(tnt Inquiry Into the methods ot treating tho milk after It reaches tho creamery. Wo havo teen tho farmers bring milk to a factory, pour It Into the general tank from which It was skimmed and run Into another tank. From this latter tank tho milk was taken for homo use. As the milk Is ' all the time running In and all tho , tlmo being drawn out. that la. durlna- tbe day, It elves time tor the development develop-ment of deleterious bacteria. Iletldcs, la many cases wo fear tho tank Is not cleaned out every day, but that I tbe milk Is allowed to stand from day I lo day a&d become a medium for rapta 1 development of tbe tuberculosis germt. Wo believe It will pay our readers to I look carotully Into the matter, OlMnnariartns Declalons. The United States supreme court bat rendered decisions declaring unconstitutional unconsti-tutional ths antl-oleomargarlns laws ot Now Hampthlro and Pennsylvania. It It understood that tbe decisions really strengthen ths antl-oleomsrgsrlne laws of most of tbs states. In the case ot Pennsylvania tho law simply prohibited the manufacture and tale of oleomargarine, oleo-margarine, and the question involved was whether this applied to tho prohibited pro-hibited product when coming Into tho state In original packages. It was decided de-cided that It was unconstitutional so far as ths origin' kas. was concerned. con-cerned. In this t ijsclslon seems to follow that applying to liquors. The New Hampthlro cate wat somewhat different. The law there compelled tho coloring ot tho butterlno pink. This Is declared to be beyond tho power of the state. Any addition of matter Is au adulteration In the decision ot tho Judges, and a thing the law cannot make obligatory. Kvcn If tho states have a right to compel Its cltltens to color their oleomargarine pink, they cannot compel ths cltltens ot other statet to do that before shipping tbe butterlne Into Now Hampshire Tha decisions appear to be far-reach-Ing In their effect. It dealers can sell any site package as au original ptk-age, ptk-age, and can sell through agents, then oleomargarine can practically be sold In all tho states as freely as It wss In provlous times. This teems to ut like stretching the original package theory out of all proportion to Its real value. Kvcryono knows that ths original psckago Idea It only a subterfuge by which tho stato laws can bo ovaded. TIiom I'.lsht Ileal. To Tho Farmers' Ilovlew: Wo have now completed tho month of May and my hens, eight, have turned out 181 eggs. At they have been laying steadily stead-ily now for soreral months, I think this Is a good record. In April we got HE eggs, which we did not expect to beat. I want to auggest hero a good way for breaking up bens. Now, as my bent are mostly Plymouth llockt, ono might anticipate a good deal of troublo from titters. Hut I have settled set-tled that questloar for all time. I And no trouble In getting a Lcn out ot ths notion of sitting In a few days. When ono of ths bent gets broody I at once put her In a separata coop, which Is about four feet square. It It placed on a piece of grass, so the hen can pick at It If the wants to. I make a point to bt-gln with tbo hen as soon as she gets broody. I believe there is much loss by waiting till tho brooding fever gets high. I have tried hens that had been sitting some weski, and found It extremely difficult to convince them that It Is not wise to tit down anywbero with tbe hopes ot batching wmmmmmmMmmmm out something, nut ths new broody ben wsnts her first best or no other. As she cannot gel sny other she soon gives up the Idea altogether, and about tbe third night 1 put her back on the roost. She soon goes to laying. Then, again, I havo read that you might ss well let tha hens all sit out their time, aa tbey will not lay any more eggs than If they did alt. Hut I am not at all certain that they do not lay more eggs. As the egg yield teemed to keep up right along, white the hens took their turnt at trying to sit, I am of the opinion opin-ion that none of thera rested more than a week or ten days beforo beginning a new production ot eggt, t nlrrnillr nt I'st . It has been claimed that ths Asiatic breeds, especially thn llrahmts and Cochins, lay cfgi that aro dark In color, aaya Poultry Keeper. It one having a flock ot Ilrsbmaa will compare com-pare tho eggs, ho will find that they will not bo uniform. They will no doubt be darker than eggs from the non-sitting varieties, but tho shades will show a difference ot color. It It possible thst occasionally tbo eggt from a small flock will be somewhat uniform Id shado ot color, but not ao with large flocks. One or two breeders breed-ers have for twenty years worked Industriously In-dustriously to secure a strain of Plymouth Ply-mouth Hocks which would lay brown eggs, yet they have not been completely com-pletely successful In having the color uniform, even when tho selections ot blrdt were from titters, ttlhough they havo certainly done good work In that direction. If wo examlno eggt that aro white, wo will find that even among them thero will bo a distinct shade, and with the dark eggs tome will be very brown, to murh ss to show a marked rontrait even with the eggt that are recognlred aa dark, and which are so classified. Then again tho tltci ot eggt from o largo number nt hem vary. A largo hen may lay eggs that are below tho averago In aire, white a smaller hen may produco eggt that art large. While (ho careful selection ot the best hens of particular breeda may enable tbo poullryman to secure uniformity, uni-formity, yet one mutt not expect to perform a revolution In a tingle lesson; les-son; but there Is no doubt by continuing continu-ing tho work tho chsraotcrlttlcs desired may bo fixed In a few years. !: nr rich. Whlrlif When n man goes Into raiting poultry poul-try tho question arises whether hi shall devoto bis energies to raiting flesh or producing eggs, We believe thst whero thero Is a ready market for fresh eggs the production of eggs It by all meant the most profitable. It la tmo that brollera bring a good price at certain seasons of tho year, but the market Is really limited. Iletldes ths production of broilers Is not such an easy matter as It figures out on paper. The real difficulty ot railing brollera la shown by ths prices they bring. As water tends to seek Its lovel, io do all prices. When a product remains very high from year to year, we may bo sure that It costs proportionately to ) Bo,Soo,-.ttl!tUaS.Vlrt' good price, tho troublo and sipenio ot raising them aro great. With eggs tbirs Is a great and grow Ing demand. It Is true that they sell for a low prlco during a good part of tho year, but so does tbs flesh of poultry. poul-try. Hvcn broilers sell off vory tud denly when tbs street market "breaks." We hare known birds to be tent to the Boutu Water street market when tha price was II to IS per doten. Hut by tho tlmo ths crates wero openod tha demand had fallen oft so that tbs birds had to bo disposed ot at a shilling a pound. As none of them wetghrd abovo a pound ond a bait, the return were very unsatisfactory. A hen will drest say five pounds and tell at 7 cents. Thst will make IS rents received re-ceived for her on Bouth Water street, from which must bs deducted ths commission com-mission and express charges. Ths sams hen will produco perhaps 1:5 eggi. Time eggs would tell for a profit greater than could be mads on the hen and you still have tbo hep, l!gg production pro-duction It tho ttrongett hand the poul-trymau poul-trymau has, unloat ho It exceptionally welt fixed with Incubatori, money snd lots of experience. Ureaillng lload.ttrs, rtoaditer mares should be bred to rosdtter stallions. Individual selection, selec-tion, however, should go much further than this, remarks the Western Horseman. Horse-man. To brc ur trotting marei to trotting slalibj it. aud your pacing mares to paclon atalllom li llkewlso stopping before tho point of "icIentlSo breeding" li reached. Tho iwet of "nlcki" and "crosses" In speed production produc-tion it not so much In mating blood lines as In harmonlilng temperamental characteristics, for horses, llko men, havo temperaments. Temperament Is often hard to analyio In man. and It much more so In the horse. Yet osldo from using good blood linos on both tides, tho proper mating of temperament tempera-ment It tho most essential point In tpeed production. "High atrung maret" thote ot highly nervout temperament! tem-perament! uiually make tho greatest tpeed producers, yot If brsd to stallions of ilks temperaments, race hones aro not at all likely to come from inch mating. mat-ing. Likes, type or kind produce llko In type or kind, but likes In temperamental tempera-mental qualities are strictly antagonistic antagonis-tic In animal reproduction, both in human hu-man snd lower animals, Wild nuffalo In Canada. A Canadian Cana-dian traveler who hai ipent a couplo of years In tbe far Northwest, part of ths tlmo along tho Peaco Illvcr, says that thero are In that country at leait four herds of wild buffalo, numbering altogether not loss than 2,000, Blck bogs should not bo taken through tho public highways, nor should other animals that are sick, unless un-less ths dlseaso bo known to bo. one that will not make It dangerous for other animals to pats over tbo tamo road. |