Show M DAIRY AND POULTRY INTERESTING CIIAPTBH1 FOR Dun RURAL lEAD Ens ttew eeeoefl Yarnrn Upra This UolmI of the Permt Kiw IllnU a to Ih Vets or > U < Block sat fVmltry rI penned Up FAHMKn In Iho curreut number of 1 the lJ nd Magailne Rives the results r of poultry keeping on a somewhat conildcrabla scale t Ho bai round that hens shut up In d f ample pens 1 give the minimum or trouble and lay the maximum of eggs ills plan li I to erect houses according ac-cording to his requirements and to enclose with ordinary wire netting Died to upright poles In the ground space around each ranging from nine tyelght to 277 square yards The ground let apart for the rum was thorough tho-rough patches generally found near to the homestead and outbuildings At the outset he selected fowls that were good layers such as a cross between tight and brown Leghorn cocks and the dark Ilrahma hens They were of course moil prolific In March April May Juno and July but March and April pullets began laying on October 110 that ho had a good supply of eggs all the year round The food In the morning consisted or good oft meal with a sprinkling or meat crlcscl In summer and In the very cold weather Indian meal which li I a heat producer In the evening wheat buckwheat darl or heavy oats were given separately not mlzed No maize was thrown down ai It Is producing and lei see the laying capacity of the bens There was no limit to the supply of water and linen stuffs Thi result were highly satisfactory The egg year ends on September 30 and from October Octo-ber 1 1895 to September 30 1896 our poultry farmer had an average or 160 fowls and collected during the year 18003 cggi In addition rearing 151 broods of chickens and ducklings October I Octo-ber and November were she only two month when the eggs were below 1000 a month The best results were from two pens jointly covering 503 square = yards and containing fifty birds In the two whl yielded 7727 or an average roughly of 151 eggs each In the year For tho present year 177 of these fowls have given the grand total of 22270 eggs The record li ai follows October Octo-ber U96 DCS November 1104 December Decem-ber 1008 January 1897 1805 February Feb-ruary 1751 March 3547i April 2911 May 2427 June 2395 July 2323 August Au-gust to tho 19th Inclusive 1390 Tho balance of receipt over expenditure taking Into account the itock In hand leaves a very subitantlal Interest upon up-on the capltallnuled The sale book for 1890 shows that 19900 eggs 444 hem and 201 ducklings were sold The eggs for 18956 rcallted a fraction over a penny a piece while the 19900 wero a trifle under Ioultry keepers ought not to sell March and April pullets as many farmers do for they lay In winter win-ter when egg are very scarce and consequently fetch high prices Penning Pen-ning up fowls li strongly recommended recommend-ed because they cannot stray and layaway lay-away from home the eggs are always fresh and quickly I gathered broods are not batched at Ibo wrong lime and It Is easy to see If anything It amiss with the bird ranr Comfort One of the hardest things to Impress I upon farmers la the value of comfort lo the cow write K C Dennett In New York Produce Review No matter mat-ter how well and wisely we feed If the cow la I not comfortable she will not eliminate a full mess of milk When the cow la wet and chilled ihe usei the food for warming herself and what li I wet In 1 this way does not appear In 1 the milk pall III It gone radiated to the wild prairie wjndt lost forever A cold rain causes ber to shrink In milk A raw wind dries her up Foraging In the italk fields In winter will do more harm than good She roust be where tho temperature approximate summer temperature If she la to make milk ai she will In summer weather Dont wind the cow to the fields for her tad I a old her bring the feed lo ber1 l 1 Winter pasture are the delight of the hone raiser and the steer farmer but a jeluslnn to the winter dairyman lie not deceived The weather In winter la I not suited to milk production soil the cow must be sheltered from the rain mow and wind No matter how much green crass you have out In tho winter pasture tho cow giving milk li not Ibe animal to turn out there to rat It She will do well at It for a lime but soon will adjust herself to tbo climate and fatten Instead of continuing con-tinuing to nil the pall until spring Tho place where creameries have to shut down In winter brcaiite of lack I of milk li I whero winter pollutes are tho roost of success and the places whero winter dairying Is moil successful are those where no reliance Is placed nn winter pasture for cow fed This dues not provo that succulent food like silage sil-age nnd root Is deleterious In winter Far from It Rut succulent food should bo fed In a warm barn not out In the open field This Is I a hard thing to Impress upon those who nro lovers of the steer Tho more rich feed a steer has tho lees bo cares for shelter Ho will often sleep In the mow from choice The heifer fed like a steer will bo much like one and at unlike what she should l bo for milk as possible I possi-ble lie careful not to put her on a starchy diet and expose her to cold winds nor even keep a cow In milk on pasture In cold wtather Shelter her make her comfortable without forcing her to use her food as fuel l to keen her warm Exposure la n fatal mistake no matter how seductive may bo the temptation Thrift unit llfll Keeping animals thrifty li one of the but ways of keeping them healthy Bulletin 55 of the South Dakota Kxpcrl ment Station says In September 1890 when the experl meat lambs were fed growing rape their droppings contained iiegmenti or Monlexa cxpansa It III the broad tapeworm tape-worm of sheep Indicating that a previous previ-ous weakening of the limbs digestive systems hJ permitted the lodgement and Increase of these parasites Inquiry In-quiry revealed the fact that Ihe lambs had suffered from lack or water and grass on their lummer range Aa these conditions also favor the growth of the more harmful 1 Thysanosoma actlnlo I Ides Dies the fringed ccitode or sheep the droppings wero carefully examined but not a trace of the fringed segments could be found In February 1897 two of the sheep died and many fringed cos lode were found In tho imalllateillne near the entrance of the common bile duct and also In the smaller Mo duct far up Into the lobe of the lltjr M this time tho cestodei were from one hair Inch lo three Inches long sad the eggbcarlne rcgmcnta wero not nature enough to bo breaking away from the worms Aa nomo of the sheep vno not responding properly to their teal f It was predicted that all wero Intettii and the flock was liolatrd Neither it this time nor at later autopsies vreryiny of tho broad tapeworm found Is the Intestines and It li I probable thtt t the purging caused by tics rape biljex pelled them In September Throaiout the month of April thirteen of these sheep wero slaughtered tho iacera examined ex-amined and every sheep waa foundjn feitcd with fringed cestodes These parasites wero most numerous 10 Die enlarged bile ducta of tho liver and In I the small Intestine near tho orifice cf the bllo duct which was usually so eo larged ai to easily admit an ordlnur lead pencil A few of the gall crili contained one or two of the ceitodu In alx sheep the pancreas was also Infested In-fested the fringed cestodei being found far up In the rancreatlc ducts tbrM Inches from the small Intestine Tin condition or the sheep did not vary with the relative number or these Interns parasites come of tho largest and fittest fit-test sheep containing aa many fringed destinies as this lighter weight sheep All of the iheep were 10 carefully red aa to bo thrifty and well noorlthcd throughout tho experiment This care with thlr rapid fall fattening caused their mutton to be of the beat jollity and by l far the best obtainable In Ilrooklngs this year At later ItUti of the trouble the sheep would ban lost l flesh and the emaciated would have thus been made unfit for oatlng There li no proof that the fringed ceitodt Infests In-fests human beings The fringed sea lode resembles a liver fluke both fa ale pearance and effects Bola fatttt at t yrs first end Hirwards emanate the IJU p The liver fluke la I a smooth Unllk flatworm while a magnifying gUi howl tho frlrged eectixle to bo a joint td tapeworm with fringe covering tics ttcmcnts Under liquid these fringe may bo seen by tho unaided eye and are diagnostic The viscera of the thir tyone iheep slaughtered In llrooklngi during April 1897 were examined Sixteen ihe p which had been summer fed on closely pastured prairie and watered from nearly drledup pond wero round Infested with the fringe eutodc The other fifteen sheep had crated on abundant graM had access to a plentiful supply of pure water and were entirely free from Internal parasite para-site ThU the region near Oakwood Lakes was remarkable for Its exemption from sheep parasites The facts nl ready ascertained In this Investigation Indicate that It the young lambs are fed untainted food In troughs or on clean pastures and given an abundance of clean water with a liberal supply of salt there li little danger of their becoming be-coming Infested with Ills fringed cei lode Ai It li generally believed thAt more prairie sheep die during their nut winter from the effects of tho fringed cestode than from any other cause this line of Investigation will bo continued VUk What la I Known aa the foromllk usually contains many bacteria whtlt I the stripping are nearly or quite ire from them bacteria can enter toe canal of the teat and grow In the small quantity of milk left lu It at each milking milk-ing Hencn they are often washed out In great numbers by the first few spoonfuls drawn I havo found is high as 480000 per cubic centimeter In freshly drawn foremilk and In moil or the experlmenti I have made the samples of furomllk kept a shorter time than she samples drawn later la some cases however Iho foremilk kept sweet several daya tin one cast twelve days Indicating hat tbo baa terla that produced chantca In milk were very few In number In It My ex perlmcnta would Indicate hat cow differ considerably aa to tho number of bacteria that gain entrance to the teats and or course the condition la which tho body or ho cow li I allowed to remain and the character of the place In which she lies down would Influence In a marked degree tho num ber of barRels the foremilk 1rof Cratcble r r v j r A r r f Y j5c r r ivr t Q I I TUB Yomesiimn COACII iiousn IUINCH or WALKS TilE SIR OF MANY NOTED inizuwiNNuns IN ENGLAND ANt A OOOt TYlI or Tllr mnmD |