Show I u uI uI uI uI ui ui t r 1 l 1 rr I I r r r tf Y I t y It SO w 1 war 3 I i RZ ya yaI i E I 1 I l 1 i i i S I 1 t I vt i t v Ar 1 l lt t t i is Y ii ti t l 1 t 1 l t to v 1 t a i ry r E lo t 11 o v ai I if i e v t RF L p v 1 11 slower than thul L title lIllI other gallons to adopt the I I vessel its liS nn an adjunct I tl to its force tho United dates s has 1111 uL al I to lh the necessity for or ample pro Ion for fot ot of till the type And non IIO lu Iu course of oC n a I let of r craft that will have iii afloat I There ins urea n II great tendency on nn 1 the part lart of writer to that time I will eventually replace the larger aid mitI more powerful battleships and I fp i deer decry the of oC thes e bating steel fortresses ou the round ground t u I that thc they arc ure more cud more costly nod nud yet ct tasty JIll he readily sent to I the hotlum In hl n ew II by cite citel l I small II rille bail t tI I r naval however do doi i snot took look Minn the tho matter front butt l point t I r or of riot II thc consider tile the a sulu h i boat hoat to 10 hau hase to ton n II degree ot of yet et thc they that the flue work stork o of the lighter will lie he to coast work olk and hunt the thu thud will win I tilt tho victories for lie tuition will bo be the lIca heavily II armed tight I I lug Jill far Cur Crom roam I Tho submarine I s a ot of the thet I t problem or of securing coast defense lit at II a ely low law co cost l and in n time n of being restricted to night D In the manner or of sur face torpedo thi cnn can cango IW go on lair hor deadly m In doUw r x b l her I modern battleship m I With their ample mple ability to 10 omir Col coast t nud barbos by blockades h by nn an sleet lIet f will In the tb anti Importance of oC our hll anti cruiser each them to nn an 1010 that of forth orth huto other t to meet mett and cope with the enemy rather thou thuu u borne on 00 I I i iI i rM wY it Nv N 1 2 tF il a it a a H w Ery iNJA 1 p pk I z t J 1 t k n k li I Iii 11 ii Q ri i tr 5 t u II fr t ts i J f s s 4 v ft k ih I r ri 0 i N M 55 s o y lm Coi w P I our own coast The need of so 50 freeing our battleships all during the War A after Cler the ot of the I submarine boat bont exhibited to the Navy a said on 00 April 23 J l 1100 I that fro from in what he had bad seen of oC the thc bents ho was that had the Spaniards had two such boats at It he could never held It with his 1118 lie said hut In lilt his opinion with two such boats boat lu in harbor ail ull the navies or of the world could not block bloc blockade nde ade that place The rho Admiral thereupon recommended the or of 0 submarine boats Won Wonderful ns as the boat hoat Wn the silt nested It was but Iut n crude or of the Improved t type of the submarine or of the present tiny Since the thi trials of oC the early tIn day rune before Admiral Dewcy Come or of tie the most mOll eminent or of the navy lIay have hOre Indorsed till the and the of oC the bong bully builL for Cor the govern meat particularly that of oC time Octopus hayw shown rl results exceeding ho claims to lilt type tle or of vessel sel 1110 new French submarines are arf called aid are Mid Bald to be beof of fIC Our ur latest ones n l el ot of nearly tous taus wind alIl carry larGo large torpedo h They are with quarters nI nail nd bate hae a 1 radius of oC action on onlie Ih lie surface e of oC sane omu mlles olli trial of our na navy u time the Viper clearly that the sphere of oC R of these thes boats Jont Ix is not nol r restricted to harbors bons remained nl at sea cn for four days In the th opinion ot of sonic or Of our lending natal exp experts the great with our nn tOOn today Is It is 11 We e hate n great number of oC battleships but ut our torpedo and tor torpedo boats surface and COl unfavorably with butt ot of even eeD fourth rate powers power and It Is time they the say hut tho ua navy was WOR up These Indispensable blo small craft are In both hoth nu 1111 to cost and Thus tte tho latest type of oC the American Dreadnought cost cOlL to n a year to maintain whereas our largest and most moL Improved less and tie expenSe of oC Is negligible n I Ilo Great tho rho having time the greatest number o of battleships leI hOB has n most navy luring In 1100 become hint thul the th torpedo boat bont COniC comic to stay ta I tilt the British began to build there boats has hns each succeeding year built n II I group of design and noW hu has on Runty or about GO 00 sub submarines Inn marines or of We I saute type which has beau adopted In our any Japan Is III a great believer In sub sull submarines marines marInIS and hay hus built nail Is n number of nn type Ipe similar to those III our nary l ranee has about submarines built buill nue nud fhe French Admiralty con III sl r their fleet ono ot of the most Important ot of their 00 navy These 1 bitty hn lucre n performed some ome re 11 feats In III work against the battleship Vice Fournier of oftie tie tho French un lint bas made a report on the thu work of submarines the In the French mau maneuvers or of WOG 1000 A After dwelling at length upon the remarkable re or of the submarine cit hi lug numerous In width whIch It had proven lit Its to lO torpedo battleships under Incident to the warlike tho le tn in his Ion clon declared that In the future no battle fleet ss will III h to retain Its full chi eill and anti nil all ns nit a of all ug n gre unless then thero be In iii its Ill with the lie I I fighting ships All 11 or of Ihl lit other powers Ill an building lofts We 1 henr lenra I n a great r at dent or of the security afforded b by I submarine hut but Groat Britain has hns abandoned mimics null and to A great a tent outer other 11 mixed coast defenses lii III favor ot of and inns turned 11 over oer the OC shore stations to lo her bel submarine bon boat t service the he submarine boat appeals larl to those who favor un economical defensive naval lolle than an enormous for huge huo fort fortresses r for defensive p purposes Former Secretary of oC the Nary n In III one of hs his reports i states or Of the two Imre huo been sent to thin Philippines where they are now In two on tho l Coast Cont have hae been on the At lat tie Coast nil of the newer on ones have been kept employed ell with stIth gratifying no rl suits Time Tho nud zeal dis displayed player played by J the officers and men or of these point to lo real mid hull rate ate that the duty will to the service In time ot of need After speaking ot of battleships amid misers th time report in to these lighting ships tn in for the Rio of oC battle nil narles ore are bumbling scouts aeouls or truL cruisers ot of displacement ranging from to 10 tOilS louis lightly hut but or of very hiG speed 3 to 20 liB as well as torpedo craft which term includes tor torpedo llo boats mud What the submarine boat of n a decade hence will wIH Ito ho he be guessed nt but It Is probable matt It will be as much of oC oft I Inu nu an improvement over the type as aN aNI t th thu Is the t lle of oC JO 10 years rears ago 1 If not I Despite Its up p to the pres l out titan and IU its wonderful though most of the tests lir are conducted con COli ducted duct ll with such secrecy that no one une sago the crews nn end the naval boards know anything of oC t hem hom the craft I ICI not now that is II t to o theory I 1 Inot not Alexander the Great bells lIs lIsIn In hi against T Tyro ro In 12 I U 11 C so 80 lIt Pitt till the Is 10 exceed exceedingly ImI vague atlIe there are oro also nillo sonic some other references to 10 matte from the t to the n hut but the first real 1111 attempt to toI I navigate till W was N run I Ib b by a Dutch Cornelius Y or ft t yr t l t 2 5 S by K Y f Y it S O CL CD rail all who In 1020 l o launched a craft that wall seas so o successful tint two oth other r larger boats were con coc strutted along Its his hues III the hH larger er ot of the craft James I Imade made a I lengthy trip The he vessel was ot of otwood wool wood and WAS propelled h by 12 the oars projecting through leather sleeves tI Drehel held ids his chief secret to tobe tobe be a liquid which purpled the nil and hu he died his secret seret tiled dIed with hIm himIn In III 1601 1 a John 11 nil took out En Eng patents on n vessel and It ItI I hut a curious that the rite rIlle Invented by the thc present John 1101 Inuit should be accepted by the English as the highest type of oC vessel e el elof of lint do class Irom until th there r were a score or more of oC Inventors who presented r entell their types ot of underwater craft nil of oC which Palled many of oC bent drowning their originators In 1 n a German Wilhelm Barer entered the contest for Cor forthe the supremacy mac ot of t the o sea Ben nail Inri It Is snit dill did more anon to the tho than an tiny oth other r man up UI to hey hlf time lime Ills first two craft were failures but buthe he be did build III dui Russia In a vessel essel r f feet lung feet Ceet henna benm and 11 feel Ceel depth lu its which he be conducted ox one olle ot of them a with n a number Of people on onboard onboard board lie He lost his vessel I el by it Il staking and having reached the sad eDd of oC hla hl resources left Russia nel and dropped oat of mens sight and records In that sphere pherl The most mOlt notable use 1 ot of 1 a submarine sessel II tn in was during the Civil ChU War Vir when the Confederates and sank the United 1 States State ship off Charleston In which tho Ito submarine mud Its crew crest of nine nino were lost There stands today hr 1 a cemetery lu in harleston n a marble shaft n as n a to tho those c nine brave brno uncut men who actu actually nil ally the Britt to operate nn an underwater craft In naval warfare This lIl sesel I was named the line Inn I icy y was made of II a holler boiler 3 J feet teet lon long and I Inches In Fore Ioro and were wen water tanks for ballast w could he be emptied or hy by hyal al To till the was bolted Iron so fitted that could bo be released from mull the lie Inside In case rho water r ballast could not be ejected Tho rho releasing of he cn castings s thus bring rI time lIw beat to the surface To propel It was ices nn ne or screw propeller attached to n 11 shrift hn t on which thero wem eight cranks 1 at nn an angles This shaft t ot of tho l lie other malt steered and looked omit for Cor the torpedo which was n a copper cylinder holding 00 pounds of oC u ex explosive I plosive cud was waR rigged on II a long lont boom Three Mmes the host I and each time from Crom six to nine men were drowned hut but despite her evil ell reputation and the 3 lives to her discredit nIne more brase mutt mOil volunteered to 10 ro go to their thus thull making up Ull the roll of oC 33 who sac their lives in Ic her bel belTo herTo To h her r crew however belongs nil all the credit antI and glory Co for despite many handicaps and narrow escapes tram from per I blo while practicing they made their way seven miles to se sea on February li and sneaked up on the lying nt at anchor At In the e evening tho rho ot of the watch ot of the wa warship foW saw what appeared to be 1 a large e plank approaching Two minutes later tho rho plank struck the about amidships there a 11 terrific explosion and what ben been a 0 stately frigate hI he a hopeless wreck n nil sank lUok so that few cw of her crow crew were eased At the time thaw It Ras liS thought that the submarine had escaped but three rears yeat later when divers went down to doss the wreck the submarine was found CountI In the hole which It its torpedo had hatI made nOli Into the tho suction ot of water Ind nil drawn It There Is n a vast difference between the amid flue but It L is highly probable that 90 10 yeses years hence bellco the differ difference ence between the Octopus uno and the boat t of that time will he be as great nt and It Ii Is also highly from no now on OD the American Navy will not cease III l m the de II of oC the underwater l battleships |