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Show I . --M jT -- 3 CAEEtJhXttERAS SHOAL. 3 ' StOLnch Lightship Set to Guard letters on her side are about ten it in height and on a clear day can b seen at a distance of several miles is themselves. This Ocean Graveyard. FIRST OPERATIC SUCCE35 Stek, Get Gaad Viral Qpara. Nshucodonoftor" was played VarSt, Ballon say that there are two graveyards In the Atlantic, one off Sable Ieland and the other at Cape Ratteraa The wreck that etrew the sea bottom around the little piece of land between the Grand banka and the mainland are mostly caused by the dense fogs that prevail most of the year, misleading the sklppen westward and eastward bound, until too late they find themselves upon the rocks. Fog is only a lesser peril oi Hatterai weather. The cape Is know the seven seas over as the wont of storm centers. The fury of Its winds, the sweep of Its terand the treachery of rible cross-sea- s Its lurking shoals an a byword in the sailor. It Is mouth of every deep-se- a here that the government has just set the new and powerful lightship. No 72. stanchest of Its kind, to warn ships from the invisible perils of the coast The dangen of Hatter as are generally unseen. Even In fine weather the water at high tide entirely conceals the reefs of jagged rock upon which many a ship has beaten henelf to pieces. But line weather Is nre thereabouts. Seldom does the sun rise clear upon ciently heavy caliber. The artillery of the seas Was too much for her, and one night she was torn frOm her moorings and landed high and dry on the beach, the crew Just escaping with their lives. No. 72 had Just been finished and waa sent direct to Hatieras. She g much larger than the other vessel and the workmen in the yards at Quincy, Mass , where she was built, had orders to put the very best material Into the hull and machinery and to take time enough to drive every bolt and rivet home She Is 112 feet In length and quite shallow, being about 20 feet In depth. The hull, made of the best steel. Is divided into five watertight compartments by bulkheads of the same material, so that If the water should fill three of these, the other two would keep her afloat. Partly to strengthen her hull, she is given three decks built almost as strongly as those of a warship In order to resist the tremendous strain when rocking In the waves. The quarters for the captain, officers and crew are on the main deck, while the toal bunkers and other sup plies are below. As the officers and AUk(h 'tar with the most brilliant success at ths Seals on March 9, 1842. Verdi was not at the performance. He simply went to the theater at the close of the piece, noted the success of his work, returned to his garret and went to bed He was still sleeping when, at dawn, there war a knock at his door. Merelli entered Knowing that several of his confrere would he sure to make proposition to Verdi, he determined to he the early bird. The conditions of the garret convinced him that he had a flrjt-cla- s chance to make a good bargain and he remembered that Donixetti gold hi for 500 franca Ellsire d'Amore How much do you want for your opera?" he asked "Thirty thousand Merelli started. francs," said Verdi What did you say" he gasped. "1 said 30,000 franca, replied Verdi, with the greatest coolness, "because you got up at 5 o'clock In the morning to come to see me. This evening the price will be 50.000. After some discussion Mer-el- ll handed over his check, after which he went home and took to his bed, where he remained for two months On at count suffering from Jaundice Of that jaundice he biiamt the laughing stock of all Milan, and old artists still speak of it. The rest of Verdi's history is known No one merited the glorious triumphs more than he did, because his heart, nis mind and his character reached the heights of talent. His generous soul was vast and noble, like his genius. OAQPJDjjmQ SMOKE AND CINDER CONVEYOR. MASSIVE ANCHOR WINDLASS the low sand spit running far out into the ocean. Every storm That reaches the coast seems to seek out Hatteraa Ifor the display of Its greatest violence. t)urlng a northeast or southeast gale Us rocky, seaward stretching ledges turn the ocean currents Into s vortex; und then there Is no spot in the oceans of the world moro to be feared. Tres mendous rlae and sweep the waters for many miles put to sea; A freel. HaUeras .storm, ofctea "p qjqpdt Jits cross-sea- . . Influence between two and three dium-dre" mllea outward. HgM to th Kovlsotocw If the reefs of Hatteras were situated At A different point on the coast line dhe cape Would not have its evil repulie in wait at the tation. But-themostv easterly point' of tho South Atlantic coast, and vessels bound to and (to between southern ports and such cities as New York and Philadelphia, M well as the fleet of steamships which load at gulf cities for Europe and coal At Norfolk and Newport News,, must pass dose by. The cape la also close to the direct route between South Atlantic porta and Great Britain and If a ship captain loses his reckoning even y ok NOl 72. men must remain sometimes tor live or six weeks without seeing anyone or being relieved, the government has STANCHEST LIGHT8H1P AFLOAT, tried to make their surroundings as homelike as possible. Steam heat and electric lights are provided in each cabin, and the furniture, carpets and fittings would ha A credit to a mansion. The ship is equipped with refrigerating apparatus, snd has a. plants for .distilling water so that an affiplh supply of Ice can be malntalned ln the summer months as well at so abundance Of ?urt water. v Aaebor h Ufht. To hold tho lightship on her station powerful apparatus was provided. She has what Is known as a harbor anchor, weighing 2,000 pounds, large enough for an ordinary liner. This la connected by a chain whose links are, 1 Inches thick, calculated to. stand A strain of Beside the anchor, 79,000 pounds. there la what la known as a wedge anchor, weighing 250 pounds, which works as A sort of steering gear to keep the vessel' head on to the waves in a heavy storm. In order to give ... An annoyance of no small dimensions seems to be overcome by the device Illustrated, herewith, which baa Just been patented by four Louisville (Ky.) inventors. The object is to provide a conductor which will receive the cinders snd gases from the stack of a locomotive and discharge them at the rear end of the train, the purpose of this device being to prevent the smoke and cinders from coming in contact with tha cars or passengers. A Subordinate object Is to provide for the direct passage pf the smoke when the engine Is at a standstill, which Is accomplished by placing a hinged cap the vertical stack, with directly-ove- r means for opening It from the cab of the englnfl,.-- The conveyor ,U formed of s number of Indlvlduaf (sections placed horlxon tally oq top of the car, with means tot automatically Joining f With the expiration of tha Km?-slx- th congress the work of rebuilding the American navy completed Its eighteenth year, Tha act of March I, 1889, found ua without a single modern ahlp or gun. On that day we made the modest beginnings of a new navy by providing for tha construction of one dispatch boat, the Dolphin, and three small cruisers, the Chicago, Boston and Atlanta. The Dolphin waa not only our she first-- , modern war vessel; of was the first steel ship any kind built In the United State of domestic materials. Nor did the significative' of her advent end there. 8he waa not only tha pioneer of our vast steel naval and commercial fleets of today, 'hut the naturalised the now gigantic steel plate Industry In Amf ' erica.. Just two years later tha Forty-eight- h congreea took another step In advance by authorising tbs completion of the douhls-tarrste- d monitor Puritan, Mlantopomoh, Amphltrite, Terror and Monadnock, which had been rusting on, the builders' hands for ten years. That gave us tha beginnings of an armored fleet Ob August I, 1884,, we ventured to authorise the construction of tha two second class battle ships Mains and Texas, hut tbs undertaking waa so tremendous that tha keel of tha Texas was not Jald until nearly three years star. The same act that provided for th s' Mklne and Texas gave ua the audadoua experiment of the Vesuvius A daring novelty that has had no igoceesor and it also began our flotilla of Steel torpedo hosts with the Cushing, which remained for four yeers our solitary specimen of n t?Ph of whteh other naval powers had hun dreds And In the same month Secretary Whitney succeeded in letting contracts that created In the United States the Industry of producing steel, ' forgings for Armor snd guns Our next advance was th armored cruiser New York, authorised on September 7, 1888, followed by an Improved mate, the Brooklyn, the next year. Finally, by June 80, 1890, seven years after the reconstruction of the navy, had begun, we Jelt enough to prepare to build first class battle ships On that date congreea authorised the Jndlana, Massachusetts and Oregon, together with the triple-screcommerce destroying cruiser Columbia, And our second steel torpedo boat, the Ericsson. At that point we may ha Mid to have passed tha experimental stage snd seriously takes our " place among naval po era. But even then our strength was principally on paper. As lately as tha time of the Columbian Naval Review, In April, 1899, we could put nothing more Imposing than a second elaea cruiser Into line to welcome the united warships of the world. Our first vessel that by any stretch of courtesy eould be called a battleship, the Maine, did not have her October 17, trial trip ' nntll a little over three years be1894, fore she was blown up lu the harbor of Havana.. Ws did not. have a battle- ce w At present tho largest merchant fleet The purchase by the Pierpont MorLey-lan- d ot existence is that ot tho Hamburg-Americcontrol la th of the interests gan staaa- Una, with ninety-fiv- e line ot steamers Is the most momentous event that has occurred In the field ot world commerce since th Confederate cruisers drove the American flag from the ocean. It means nothing less than , that American cap- itsl is preparing to an KEEPS THE CARS CLEAN, the sections together when the cam am exbrought Into conjunction. Recent pera that shown have large periments centage of the coal is wasted in small particles, which are discharged through the stack with the smoke, and as this smoke conveyor would arrest a large propoifon of this waste It might also be advantageous from an economical In point of view as well as aiding travkeeping the passengers free from graep-- t that aover-eighel stain and their eyes unaffected by of tho seas cinders when they desire to look which we teemed 4 through the open windows. on the ot atty point fcy fi mllea ha is liable to come dan- gerously near It Sines the first American monitor :want to tha bottom of the sea off Cape Hatteras hundreds of crafts, from the been fihlnf smacks to the liner,of hare Uvea have Its victims, and thousands been lost la its stormy waters. Realto ising this constant menaca the navihas spent milgovernment the gator, find someto lions of dollars trying thing which will giv suitable warning to ships. Tima and again lighthouses have been planned, and the work gotten well under way, hut sooner or later, often After months of work, the treacherous quicksands have engulfed the most solid foundations and sometime a demolished single night of storm has of vari- Floating biwy ous kind have beau tried, but thee aw. y. have also been quickly washed th United consideration, careful After k1W to States lighthouse board which have a lightship constructed to withstand enough would he strong And ProTd th heaviest b seen at a long could which tlon night stormiest on the a Ftnt Stop wasn't of suffl- The first ship tried "tha structure. , dls-taa- ce her plenty of room to ride the waves, 720 feet of anchor chain is provided. The anchora are raised and lowered by steam, the ahlp being equipped with special engines. Electricity furnishes the Illumination for the lanterns which are arranged upon two steel meats at a height of SO feet above the water Una Each mast contains n duster of six arc lamps, each of 100 volt. On a dear night their rays can he seen A distance of twenty miles, while In stormy weather It Is calculated that the captain of n ship ten miles distant can see them through his field glasses, as they have an attachment which produces a vivid flash every half minute. The electric current Is generated by a eet of powerful dynamos operated by steam engines. No. 72 Is provided with steam aa a motive power, in case she should break loose from her moorings. Her engines are as large as those In an ocean tug of the first class and. It Is believed, will enable her to battle successfully, with average northeasters. She la equipped with n mainsail, forsail and jib, principally to steady her in n gale of wind. There la no danger of her being mistaken for any other craft The I FleyeS Fleoehl. If there Is aq humbler game than and pinochle I have never played it, them ever If name. do not know its was a prouder man than Grover Cleveland I have never played him, and do not know his name. Therefore, the combination of pinochle and Mr. Clev-lan- d is irresistibly fascinating to th student of cards and biography. Jot would be less spinning a peg-to- p exdiverting. Bom of the millions expopected to visit the sition this year will not leave Buffalo without inquiring for the little heck room in Pearl street where the Man of Destiny played toy the drinks with a coteris of familiars numbering shout a dosen choice spirits. Hs generally won. ' Fifty feet from the front door of Joe Goets'a place, as It la today, la a mark across the floor, showing where stood ths wooden partition dividing the front of the room from the rear and forming one side of ths historic den. It Is said that In deference Joe had th partito th tion removed. New York Press. an Oht Bast ntUUe bust :la bronxe ot A llfe-AlElisabeth Stephenson of Marinette, who christened the battleship Wisconsin, will grace the forward cabin of that splendid ahlp, as th gift of her tatter, ' lease Stephenson. se A horse will eat In n year nine ffmee his own weight n cow nine time, na ox six times, and n sheep nix times. r taining fifty years a fifty-fo- ur teamera of 245,000 tone. Th Wilson tine, which belongs to tho Leylands, hs eighty-seve- n toaaera of 189,193 tons Tho Atlantlo Transport Has, which is already In America- n- hands, d which, interest of the steel trust and Its shipyard to have such a market tor their products. By supplying It they naaure themselves at once n means of tiding their works over slack times. They create an Immense tew demand that ia not affected by foreign ease-dat- ed tariff policies. When Mr. Morgan erossed the Atlantic n wave (4 terror ran ahead ot him. People on th other aide were sure he was going to do something terrible they eould not guess what But none of them imagined that he would do anything so dreadful as to challenge British supremacy at aea. itacat L th Crimnah. Common sense and thf-ladeclare that imprisoned criminals living at public expense shall not by their labor compete with honest men working outside prison walla It would be preposterous, of course, to allow tha man In prison, working for no wages, to diminish the In corse of -- the honest workman who pays taxes to maintain the prisons. On the other hand, to condemn the prisoners to absolute idleness Involves extreme brutality, punishment ot a most atrocious kind. Nervous diseases, ill health and even , insanity follow enforced-- idleness of mind and body. Many plana are suggested for overcoming this difficulty, for keeping the convicts busy without bringing them Into competition with, honest workmen. It seems to us that prison authorities might find a solution of their question In ths education of prisoners. If prison life could he mad to diminish criminal tendencies, as well as to punish criminals, th . taxes of the people would eertalaly be better spent than at present Crime In the majority ot cases is the result first of Ignorance, and, second, of A lack of mental discipline. If th prisons eould educate and discipline their Inmates crime would steadily decrease and the problem of occupying prisoners wisely would be solved. A man can be educated eves at thirty or forty, and at that late age his mind can he Accustomed to discipline and regularity. la many cases the distance which separates the criminal from the man of ability is very small. Prison education might transform public nuisances into useful members of society. We wish that the prison authorities might see something in this sugges-tlo- n . , , worthy of experiment. , Dbstaucs lends enchantment to tha view, without lnterert or security. -- Tha LAyland tins w , x I Morgan 'Extles the Waves . Where CleveJsa ship of the first class in commission until November 20, 1898, when the flaff was raised oa the Indiana, and If the battle of Santiago had been fought two years earlier than It waa the Oregon, the Iowa and the Brooklyn would ot have been there to take part in It. If President Cleveland's VenexuetaB challenge had been taken up we ahould have had Justine first class and two second class battle ships and one armored cruiser ready to take tha 'aea against the armored fleets of England., Surely Providence must have had Its lightning rods up dissipating war clouds In the times when It would have been uncomfortable for us to en. tertain them, Now we have built, building oq, authorised, seventeen first class battle hips, one second class battle ship, eight armored cruisers, one ram, eleven modern' eoast defense vessels, fifty three . torpedo boats and destroyers, eight aubmarlaa.1 torpedo boats, alx auxiliary cruisers and a swarm of miscellaneous craft, th whole making us indisputably the fourth and probably tha third Basal power In the world, , The peraoanel of the navy has Increased from 7,500 men to 25,000. The only thing that has remained stationary la tha supply of officers. The Naval Academy Is to he splendidly housed In a building of clansle magnificence, hut the only actual growth in the number ot cadet an yet has come from the addition of about thirty representatives la the house under the census ot 1890. The new apportionment will make future classes somewhat larger, hut still tar below the needs of tha service. This and tha failure of congress to provide for any new. ship at Its last session nre the only clouds on the bright prospect oi the navy. nccord-ln- g to current reports, is to hs consolidated with tho Wlaad nystemju steamers of 81- 848 tons. 741 tons. GULLIVER MORGAN COMING HOME. era of 515,621 tons Th second la that of ths North German Lloyd, with 108 But that is not alL It is said that steamers of 501,050 tons. The third American and the largest nnder th in the line, of twenty-si- x and 187,000 tons, la.to.ho British flag, is that of th British India Port of th combination. This would Steam Navigation company, with 128 ttk in nil 180 vessels of 702,741 tons, of 885,740 tons Then comes th hlpe r more than twice the entire, present "p. A O.," with fifty-eigvessels of ftolatered steam tonnage of the United 811292 tons Staten. Imagine John Bull's feelings when To he sure It Is said that th present first merchant fleet in the world is ths English head of the Ley land line has the second and third GerAmerican, tlpulated that tha Mediterranean, Portho fourth British. Will tugal and Montreal fleets of the Una man and only hs still sing "Britannia Rules ths Rio to he sold to him, but this deduction will probably be balanced by the Waves" with undlminished cheerful nessr oaks the Chicago American. gigantic new building programme of The report that tha new ships to hs the American combination. In any the American company will bo by ordered by the Morgan combination tar the greatest steamship owner In will he built iu the United States is the world. inherently probable. It will he to the wr-ri- ht T s i J. |