Show DAIRY AND POULTRY INTCIIESTINO OHAPTGnS FOR OUn RURAL READERS I Maw KarrrKfiit tarmere slprate Till Ilerwrlmenl or She tarlnA lew Hint as m ih tare u I 1110 fink an1 Poultry N AOltIOUJ J ttirol college professor pro-fessor lays It I down ns a dictum that no f cow Is worth keepIng keep-Ing that gives less FJ than OOW pounds of milk or 20 pounds of butter near 1 n-ear This assertion asser-tion Is nil right ns far ns It goes but t proltessorllke It does not go far enough to fully cover the situation Cows that milk 0000 pounds In a year are not plentiful enough to cause Intelligent dairymen to accept the professors dictum with any decree of cordiality It Instead of urging a condition where cows that did not respond to tho limitations he sell be cast aside he had advised their being brought up to and It possible pos-sible exceed tho requirements he Imposes Im-poses n healthier effect would follow It Is I questionable If the cow that tho professor had In his mind eye 10 I always al-ways a source of profit This Question Is I ono of cost of production And that varies In different sections and with different men In the same section Wo have heard of ISO pounds butter cons that did not pay and others that yield rd only 200 pounds being A source of profit In both cases the result Wall due to the men who owned the different cows Them li I always more in management man-agement and the adaptability of the manager to existing conditions than the average Instructor concedes Thin professors scheme of COOO pounds of milk to make 2IJO pounds of butler permits its to know his standard of n good cow aa lie knows her as well as determine the quality of milk that meets his approval An easy sum In simple division enables us to state that twentyfour pounds of milk are necessary neces-sary to make a pound of butter with com that would 1 receive life endorsement endorse-ment Whllo tho professor was iibout It he might as well have Indlcauit n letter cow than the ono selected Wo hMO known of many cons whore annual an-nual milk yield did 1 not reich CfK0 pounds that considerably exceeded 250 pounds In butter product Am Dairyman Dairy-man loas of cows team liH > turIn tur-In the report of the United States department of agriculture for the month of April la I a table snowing the lorries of milch cows tho past winter In the various stairs and territories It U I quite Interesting to noto the difference differ-ence In these posse Much to the cur prise no doubt of many the most northern states show tho least loss Tho following li I tho percentage ratIng rat-Ing Maine none Now Hampshire 1 Vermont Massachusetts Ilhode Island and Connecticut none New York 3 Now Jersey 3 Pennsylvania 0 Delaware Dela-ware not reported Maryland 12 Virginia Vir-ginia 22 North Carolina 28 South Carolina 2 2 GrorRln 95 Florida 130 Alabama 63 Mlsslcslppl 00 touts tana 9 2 Texas 30 Arkansas 37 Tennessee 30 West Virginia 21 Kentucky Ken-tucky Bi C Ohio i V1 Michigan I i 1 Indiana Indi-ana 7 Illinois 5 Wisconsin 3 Minnesota Min-nesota 3 Iowa 0 Missouri 9 Kansas Kan-sas 13 Nebraska 18 South Dakota 23 North Dakota 2 Montana 21 Wyoming 28 Colorado 34 Now Alex leo 20 Arizona 12 Utah iG Neva da 14 Idaho 14 Washington 15 Oregon 12 California 21 Oklahoma i 4 It will be seen Says Kansas Former that Florida Georgia ana Ixmlilana lead all other States In winter loss Ono would 1 naturally expect from tho mildness of tho climate In these southern south-ern staler that the result would l In vastly different Wo lire of the opin ion however that the real cause of this great percentage of loan lira In the fact that In tho southern states the cow Is left very largely to shift for herself In the winter months Wo know from actual observation that cows In the southern states are neither cared for sheltered nor fed with anywhere near ttr mention and thoroughness that Is 111111 7 I seen In Inlno or W conlln Th southern farmer AI A I lie looks upon A row as an ollloide Onldtrallon When ho begins to corildtr I her oe n truly good former choulll I we will see this fearful waste of col life IItftIlI reduced The trouble Is ilot In the ell mate but In the itndenVinillnR and practice of the southern fll Hers them Belies 1 rom In Uulnrna I A flock of guineas arc about ie most profitable poultry that can boYHfP1 If they arc hero they can have unlimited h I I trance The common or pearl Ilnrlll are just as good aa the albino or Vrhlto I I variety hill 1 I when cooked their flesh Is not so while hro rk morning ihcn I I they are let out of the poultry house they often do not stop longer than to pick up a little of the grain given lathe la-the flock and then they wander off to the Held In search of weed seeds I nod hugs which they like better than anything any-thing that can be given them They never grow lame like hens but the white ones aro much more domestic In their habits than the colored ones arc The white guinea hens lay In the nests with the hens during the whole fore part of the season but when they get ready to sit they will steal off and hide their nests and hatch their eggs If they are not watched Do not let them hatch their eggs aa thy ore the most careless mothers and a guinea hen that will raise two chick out of 20 hatched will be doing pretty well Hatch them under bens mud It the hens raise them and they develop a great affection for their foster mother I refusing to bo weaned during the whole season but following her faithfully whenever she Is out of the poultry house When first hitched guineas are excrrdlurly wild nnd unless confined con-fined In a place where they cannot getaway get-away they will wander off and perish leaving Y withIn with-In two or three hours after they oro hatched lulnea eggs do not take well In market mar-ket because of their small site but for I house use they are ns good ns any and they are produced In such abundance I I and at such little cost that any ono 1 I ran afford In keep n flock of these fowl for the eggs for homo use llcildes be Ing a cheerful bird they are as good as n watchdog to tell when there are strangers around They defect u stranger as soon as lip comes near And set up their shrill cries They also serve to frighten hawks as they are sure to rnlso n clamor If one conics III IlghtIr mummer 1111110 for Wt The facll Is Generally overlooked mat hogs nerd about as much protection In mummer rs In winter page Farm and Dairy I The are not wall calculated cal-culated to stand extreme of either heat or cold but they will Eland extreme ex-treme cold letter than extreme heat Cattle I and horses t can endure oxtreie heat reasonably well the ueg cannot Tho farmer Is I liable to forget tho dlf trance and apply to Iho I hog siimnur methods that do well enough with other kinds of clock and ns n remit loses heavily In thrift and perhaps does not know It In addition to the right kind and quality of food In summer the hog requires re-quires If he Is to be profitable to tho owner shade And water He takes m the mud not becaiue ho likes mud per to but because of the water In It Wafer bo mutt have not merely for drinking but for bathing and the cleaner It It the better for him and its owner Shade too ho imiH have In the coming hot days There Is I no shade to desirable ai that of a grove If tho Creator over Invented 1 a nicer thing for ln onM shade 1 than a tree wo never heard of It i Lie down under one on n hot day and study tho plan of U HI leaves are constantly thriving to cover tho vacant va-cant places and keep out the sun not because they are trying to protect you but because they Pro greedy for nun light themselves An the tree grown thin lower limbs perish and thus give free play to tho air beneath Tho tree appeals to and real the mind as well an the body Tho color of tho itaven their graceful motion In the light breeze the habit of the limbs of yieldIng yield-Ing to tho blast and then returning all tone and freshen the mind under fatigue It would almost seem but a grovo of trees Is I too sacred fo their hognnlps never mind that turn them In Who knows what thoughts Tiny occupy tho J pot Im mind 1 alien It Is I IB > lug I n a pound I and n halt A day I I fits not liens j When It Is I possible and every farmer i should make It so the pig should hnvo nn Opportunity to rat grass as soon as I he desires other food than his mother milk writes J M 1 Jamison In Farmers I Home It Is I R wrong Idea to think of keeping oung pigs In A small pen devoid de-void of all green growth till they are four to six weeks old It requires very careful feeding to be In n decree successful suc-cessful by such management No dlf fennel how well fed Ins pigs need more exercise than they will take when they have not entire liberty Will too many farmers there li a lime to go out to pasture for all stock Ihey are kept In close confinement till the grass has mode n certain amount of growth U Is much better I for the sows ror I t l at farrowing time 1t have their house In the pasture field or on n grass plat Fhlf rnl r I The pig farmer should have as a motto posted some place where ho can see It every time he feeds his pigs pasture 111 Is the cheapest and most healthful food for pigs Another thing to be remembered remem-bered It Is nearer A perfect ration than any other aside from that of the dams milk There Is I no mixing or fussing required to prepare this for the pigs It Is I ready for them without labor on the part of the farmer nnd when always al-ways before them there Is I no danger of overfeeding Hut whllo wo cay so much for grass And expect so much from It wo would not be understood as advocating Its use alone during the pasture season Its greatest benefit comes In connection with a grain ration of some kind It stimulates the appetites and no doubt aids digestion A custom with many not to be commended com-mended Is that of tllowlng rate nuns but little If any other fool while on grans the dams also hove a limited ration which results In tliHr booming veritable walking skeletons by Ito lime the plrs nro wrinrd Under such conditions con-ditions the pigs cannot mnko n growth that will give the owner a prone Ono serious I objection to this I practice It takes longer feeding when preparing for market to get them ready extending I the feeding period Into the cold months which nlstays expensive Drinking IveIs 1 Now T e find ourselves In need of many drinking vessels for tho young ducks and chickens Our llttlo partner makes these by putting peg legs 111 bits of board to form small benches In the renter of each little bench he bores n hole largo enough to admit the herd of A large bottle Ho pets the little bench tightly down over tho fruit can ho hUll previously cut off no It wont be too high for tho little chicks lo reach Into The bench li I not as wide a the ran so there In an Inch on either tide for the chick to drink from Nor nil tho bot tla with water and Invert quickly I Into the I polo In the bench The can Ills until the water reaches the neck of Jlcl lie lioltln when It slope until tho chicks drink It away when It nils For the old hens we like n Jut Inverted In a Vshaped rough test It keeps the water cool Too much cannot he told JCJJ1I t tho use of open vessel If symptom of diarrhoea appear nee r few drops of carbolic acid 1 In the drinkIng drink-Ing water still look out for lice Look of surrrui In poultry raising Is often duo to rareeiuncM In supplying plenty of fresh water Another Mistake In duck raising Is I I think In Giving water for bathing Wo have Ihn best uuioun when ours only have what they wish to drink It la disastrous to young dncliH to ret their backs wet A familiar bill In past session at Albany make It a felony for one man to ontlco away his neighbor been It wan Introduced In all seriousness but was killed by a Tammany leader who amended It twice Ilrst that each bee should wear a collar and tocond that It Should I have the name and address of Its owner stamped on III buslnow end for Identification rrcept In the use of better Iron and better nails there has been no particular partic-ular Improvement In horsoohoelng for years Tho shape and manner of putting put-ting on the shoe remains the same although al-though there Is I room Joe Improvement Fo far as there Is Information the lint bone with hoes nailed on belonged to I a Preach bIg about 1000 year ago |