Show st upa AD WWI j 1 A ands ur we aye ru I 1 are 08 a life and ten glow P which gred lents I 1 youl ill Y meals day as first few 11 A 04 4 4 1 I you fol lave used i fallows picking coffee berries in brazil prepared by the national society Wash loston D a ill 1 recent enno announcement that is r coffee consumption in the united states climbed to a total of 13 pounds per person in 1030 1930 adds interest to tho checkered career of the beverage since it was first brewed in the near east cast a millennium and a half ago there are about go 60 of coffee he could plants but only a few of then them are cult cultivated for commercial use the coffee plant Is a cousin of the cinchona tree from the bark of lye had which quinine Is produced gambler gambier i first les whick ble I 1 furnishes tanning ma terdal and dyes that bear the same name and madder from the roots of which a substance Is 1 extracted that Is important in red dyes also are related to abo tb coffee plant the coffee plant started its orid wide ramblings centuries ago beginning in the hills of ethiopia it jumped the red tea sea and coffee 4 piles plantations began to rise above the z tery soil of the extreme southern tip of arabia where the famous mocha blocha coffee now Is produced later it was carried to europe about lent jears years ago and awl then to the ft IN est indies and brazil le tradition has it that the discovery for the of coffee coffees s stimulating effect aers no upon the human estem system was an accident 1 guar one story runs that the 7 relief plant was discovered in the fourth century by a group of monks ahu ae had bad been driven out of lg egypt and found refuge in the ethiopian bills hills sale it the monks maintained themselves in both fall by agriculture and sheep and goat ver fill raising one night a monk reported re to his leader that the hocks flocks would mould not rest that they were 1 piles wide awake and fr frisking isling about during t Q R the hours that they should be r drug quiet quiel the leader started investigations i stock that led to the coffee nd mall plant which he found the animals consume while browsing on ohp a CO hillsides hill sides he chewed a few of the berries from the strange bush and A found that they kept him unusual unusually ily alert during the light tight services which were held la in accordance with the religion although coffee did not strike a it popular chord among europeans IL ille until the fifteenth cent century as early ebald to as the reign of charles 11 II in the middle of the seventeenth century there were more than 3 coffee houses in london today coffee 1 Is a popular brew in every conti cond M n 0 t nent and on the cIvIll civilized zed islands of eted I 1 the seas with the united states k upon as the worlds world a leading consumer labora more moro than pounds of coffee were imported by the united states last lost year first used as a paste but the coffee berry has had its I 1 applaud ups and downs during its rise to the aln fame in the beverage world its first use was as in the form of a paste which was eaten early moslems that far were not permitted to drink wine im sat so they learned the art of making quoted in a st brew from coffee berries the name of coffee Is derived from t the he arabic word zahweh which was pronounced by the turis AN kahree was the general arable term for intoxicating liquors rad ra faded d halt according to some authorities the fists first cup of coffee was drunk as a it W 4 1 T refreshment at aden arabia in ai for ma keethe we in the fifteenth century cairo be besan or at dag drinking the beverage about fifty X Y years later mean chile moslem leaders keld a meeting at mecca where they decided that coffee ther in law should be babied that was in him 1511 asa As a result odthe of the mecca necca decision rel 10 coffee warehouses were burned and coffee houses were pretend to closed la in many parti parts of the 31 mo hammeran ham world some of the cof cot young fee house proprietors were beaten the it to with their own brewin brewing utensils by fanatical moslems the ban in to egypt lasted only thirteen bearz when sultan bellm 0 I 1 gave coffee his stamp of ap 1 d he ile emphasized his approval vl uj L the brew by ordering the execution of two persian doctors hu lad denounced tha tho uw um vi vi t cof y tva fee as injurious to health today egypt Is among the largest coffee drinking regions of the world some desert people of agypt and the near east use the beverage in connect with rell golus observances in the east coffee Is usually aved ed in powdered form the coffee be beans aall popularly known in the united states state s are placed in a mortar and pounded then tho powder Is put into boiling water the coffee maker serves the leverage beverage only after a prescribed ceremony he pours a small quantity of the liquid into one cup and then rinses each cup with the brew after all cups have been rinsed the rinsing liquid Is poured on the fire ere as a tribute to sheyuh esh Sha dhilly the cof fee drinkers patron aalf a cup la tj served first to the eldest and most honored guest to band hand a full cup to a guest would be an in coffe map of the th world lo 10 if one were to construct a coffe coffee map of 0 the world filling in coffee A growing areas in black ho he would find roost most of his dark area on the portion of the world map between the tropic of capricorn and the tropic tr pic of cancer mexico would be 0 filled in from the of can to its southernmost border the aholo area of central america and a wide rim around the northwestern shoulder of south america including portions of uc lle bador bolivia and peru on the pacific and columbia and the on the atlantic would also be marked as well as jamaica bald porto rico and santo do alago an inverted pear shaped area on the atlantic coast of brazil from bahaa to a point south of illo RIO de janeiro in brazil Is the worlds leading coffee producing area in this region Is sao paulo state whose prosperity rises and falls with the condition of the coffee industry coffee Is responsible for the fact that the state has more miles of railroads than any other state in the republic the railroad leading from santos the worlds world a chletcos fee port ports to sao paulo the world e S coffee capital Is one of the richest steel highways because it Is lit brally a coffee funnel the smaller end of the funnel being set in ships holds at santos the first coffee berries did not reach brazil until 1727 today cof tee fee and brazil are nearly synonymous in sao paulo state alone there are more than coffee plantations with OW trees in production new trees numbering have been set get out and soon will be in production one plantation owns its own railroads highways shops stores and warehouses africa has several coffee pro ing log regions liberia alerre leone and a portion of southern bilge nigeria r la are large producers the coas coastal tal zones of the belgian congo and a portion of angola mozambique and kenya are dotted with plantations while ethiopia original borne home of the famous coffee berry continues to produce coffee plantations in madagascar are confined to the eastern half hall of the island the southwestern corner of the arabian peninsula continues to grow the so called mocha coffee rhile the southern tip ot of india and ceylon also are important owing regions of asia java and neighboring islands have success fully grown coffee transplanted from liberia and new guineas eastern plantations are showing promise in the coffee industry Au coffee growing region is in queensland the so called sugar bowl of the continent how the bean is handled the coffee plant grows to a height of from 15 to 20 feet its blossoms blossom remain on the plant only a day os or r two when the petals wither and fall and the fruit bens begins 1 to take shape A bush produces produce 3 from two to three crops a year ripe cof fee berries resemble dark red cher ries inside the cherries are two cof cot fee beans the coffee of commerce which are extracted by various processes the babs bars are enveloped in a it delicate skin and fleshy pulp in arabia these cover coverings are removed by the old drying method the tho berries are tire out on a drying floor a few indies deep where they are frequently stirred so that each berry may be exposed IP to the sun the pulpy covering dries in from two vao to three weeks after which the thel berries are pound ed until the coffee beans are set tree free the most popular method of hell hull ing Is the wet met method the berries aie ate brought in from the field and placed in links the mature berries will sink to the bottom of the tank where they are drawn off through pipes and conveyed to crushing machines the crushed mass parses to a water tank where it Is stIr stilted rd to separate the beans tha beans fall to the bottom of the tank and are withdrawn at this stage tho beans are covered with a slimy film which Is removed by placing them in a vat where fermentation sets up then they are washed dried and sacked for market the latter process consisting of assorting the tho beans into sizes SIM colors and eliminating any foreign bodies from the mass young coffee plants must be given protect protection loa from mhd sun for several months after they break through the ground some planters shade them with palm leaves some by building a matting covered frame over the plants about three feet above the ground when the plants are more than a toot foot high the shade way be removed grad lally nally the plants arc ard usually set out 10 to 12 feet apart often catch crops such as maize malze and beans are planted between the young plants these crops are useful and give added protection to the re edUce |