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Show News Review of Current Events the World Over Italian Troops Invade Ethiopia and the War Begins Mussolini Warns Nations Not to Interfere Craig Made Chief of Staff. .By EDWARD W. PICKARD Western Newspaper Union. X Alt Is on Id East Africa. Mus- solini's troops Id Eritrea invaded in-vaded Ethiopia because, according to a note he sent to the League of . -,,,,v,.,. Nations, of the k ' ''7'-- Ethiopian mobiliza-r;-Z','X'f tion, though this tM? '- i- B'as not ordered un-1 un-1 ' til atter the rtaI. ians had crossed l'lyf the border and oc- yiP , f I cuP'el strategic po- : , ' I sitions south of Mt. X-t-j? i Mussa All. jl 1 BaltlnghPta He- V , s roui, the Ethiopian foreign minister, Baltmgheta spnt tQ the , Heroul this message: "A telegram received October 3 from Ras Seyum, Informs the Imperial Im-perial government that Italian military mil-itary airplanes this morning bombarded bom-barded Aduwa and Adigrat, leaving leav-ing many victims among the civilian civil-ian population. Including women and children, and destroying numerous nu-merous houses. "A battle is at this moment taking tak-ing place in the province of Agame. "These events, occurring on Ethiopian Ethi-opian territory, constitute a violation viola-tion of the empire's frontier, and a breach of the covenant of the league, through Italian aggression." A Keuters dispatch from Addis Ababa said the Italian force advancing ad-vancing on Agame had been defeated, de-feated, but this report appeared to be false. The Italians, moving south from the Asmara region, crossed the ""Mareb river frontier at widely separated sep-arated points and converged in heavy columns toward Aduwa. the scene of the terrific Italian defeat 39 years ago. Government authorities authori-ties In Rome at first denied that Aduwa and Adigrat had been bombed, but this action was reported report-ed by American correspondents with the Italian army. The whole operation was under the direction of Gen. Emilio De Hono, commander command-er in chief of Italy's colonial armies. arm-ies. Ilaile Selassie's order for general mobilization was carried throughout through-out the empire by the ominous beating beat-ing of the war drums, and his eager "warriors responded by the hundred hun-dred thousand. The emperor's first war order was to his chieftain, I!as Kahada, and three other generals, to take 50.000 men to Mt. Mussa Ail. The defense In the North was entrusted to the Npgradas of YVol-laclio. YVol-laclio. It was estimated at Addis Ababa that the emperor could count on the services of about 1,2."0,-000 1,2."0,-000 u'ghting men. and the women also are ready for active work in the conflict SIMULTANEOUSLY with opening open-ing of hostilities In Ethiopia, Mussolini gave the signal for tre-jiiendnus tre-jiiendnus mass gatherings of all Fascists in Italy. Millions of Clack Shirts In all the cities dropped everything and assembled to cheer for the Duce and his African adventure. ad-venture. From the balcony of the Venetian palace In Rome the premier pre-mier shouted (lie words that committed com-mitted his nation to a policy that may mean either victory or ruin, lie reiterated his determination to seize territory from Ethiopia but declared he would do everything possible to prevent the campaign from bringing on a European war. lint he warned the League of Nations Na-tions and all nations to keep their lilt mis olT, saying: "To sanctions of an economic character we reply willi our discipline, disci-pline, our sobriety, and our spirit of sacrifice. To sanctions of a military mil-itary character we will reply wish measures of military character. To acts of war we will reply with acts of war.'' Summoned hastily to a meeting of the league council in Geneva, the statesmen of Europe found themselves them-selves confronted by the fact that an undeclared war was being waged by a league member against a league member. Article XVI of the league covenant provides for severe penalties for such a war when the aggressor has boon determined. The sanctions range through an economic and financial boycott to final military penalties. Before go- Ing to Geneva. Anthony Eden of ""'' - Great Britain conferred with I're-inler I're-inler Laval of France in Paris. He had Instructions to throw the full support of his mrvomont behind league efforts to isolate or halt the coniliet In Africa. French ollicials rn-lieved that If sanctions were applied ap-plied hj- the league, they would be cniv economic, which would shut on' loans ami rav materials from frulv. The mobilization of the I'.riti: navy in the Mediterranean end the Red sea continued with ac-- ce orated speed. F'Rf! issnrance that the United Stares would not be drawn into n roreiu-n war was given by I'resi-neat I'resi-neat Rr-cj.sevolt In his address at ,in I Vf co, lie said : "We not only earnestly . desire peace but we are moved by a stern determination to avoid those perils that will endanger our peace with the world. As President of the United States I say to you most earnestly once more that the people of America and the government of those people Intend and expect to remain at pe.Te with all the world." In Washington Secretary of State Hull made a strong plea for peace, declaring that economic recovery Is being retarded by International political uncertainty. He warned that world political stability cannot can-not be achieved without a revival of world trade and that war will block trade. ATAJ. GEN. MALIN CRAIG, a iv-1 veteran of two wars and commandant com-mandant of the war college, was appointed chief of staff of the ? American army by President Roose- ' velt. He took of- , fice immediately, I ' J su"eeding Gen. L " f J Douglas MacAr-; MacAr-; I thur, who is now 4 . I on his way to the " . 3 Philippines to be E s military adviser to ; f ' the new island com-' com-' J monwealth. Craig m r is advanced to full Gen. Malm , . , . . generalship. Cra,g Born In St. Jo seph, Mo., In 1S75, Craig was graduated gradu-ated from West Point in 189S. Immediately afterward he saw service in Cuba during the Spanish-American Spanish-American war, and In June, 1000, participated In the China relief expedition ex-pedition made necessary by the Boxer Box-er outbreak. After service in various va-rious army posts In this country, Craig, upon American entrance into the World war in 1017, was assigned as chief of staff of the Forty-first division and sailed with that outfit for France. Later he became chief of staff of the First army corps, serving in that position until the armistice was signed. Then he marched into Germany as chief of staff of the army of occupation. For his fine work In the World war he received the Distinguished Service medal, and he also was given the Legion of Honor and Croix De Guerre of France, Order of the Bath of England, Order of the Crown of Belgium, and Order of the Crown of Italy, '""pREASURY reports ,.for three months ending September 30 showed a first-quarter deficit of $832,000,000. This was 34 per cent greater than for the corresponding period a year ago which at thai time was a record deficit. Expenditures Expendi-tures for the quarter amounted to yi,S30,000,000. This was an average of about $20,000,000 a day. Tile deficit occurred "in spite of increased taxes and other revenues Incident to improved business. Total To-tal revenues for the three months were $008,000,000 compared with $!)f4,0(K,000 in tiie corresponding period of the preceding fiscal year. POTATO control was the subject of discussion at a hearing called bv the AAA in Washington, and ollicials. tanners and consumers s.....,... , were given a chance I - ) to say what they t thought about the v.-vs. Warren act, which K' provides for quotas 5 for potato growers, , - --" - with a prohibitive -. i ; tax on production " - in excess of quotas. :., ' ... j and Is armed with t 1 jail penalties for A willful bnvers or . . . . sellers of bootle'j Secretary p,..,tW;!. Wallace Thjs .wt wnR o posed by the New Dealers, and Secretary Sec-retary of Agriculture Wallace said at the conference that he docs not want to enforce it and will do all in his power to avoid enforcing it. lie offered several plans for vol. untary methods which would reduce re-duce potato surpluses and raise-prices. raise-prices. He continued: "Potato growers are in real trouble trou-ble and the AAA wants their judgment judg-ment on possible cures for potato problems. Potato prices are about half of parity and the AAA desires to get the full benefit of the jndg-mnt jndg-mnt of potato producers concerning plans for increasing their returns." THE AAA announced a production produc-tion for cigar-leaf tobacco for four years beginning in VX'AX It provides pro-vides a maximum acreage production produc-tion of 40 per cent. Benefit payments pay-ments will guarantee producers not less than "fair exchange value." or parity, for the crop. Contract signers will be prevented from growing tobacco on farms other than those covered by the contract. Unused tobacco land can be used for pasture or home consumption crops. TRAVELING rapidly to the Pacific Pa-cific coast for some fishing, President Pres-ident Roosevelt delivered several Important addresses. The first was i. at Fremont, Neb., j4l- where he spoke to !"."' "J about 15.000 farm- v -1 ers and was en- -j, wk. ' t b u s i a s 1 1 c a 11 y re-sp1 re-sp1 ? ceived. Mr. Roose-1 Roose-1 " J velt set forth the Ir - i chief accomplish- V ments of the ad- f&.J; " ' ministration X7"' t0 date, and dial- Ldswa i lenfdf h!3 K0';po" nents to do better. Pres.dent Hg defendec the Roosevelt egality of the Xew Deal doings and made it plain that he would continue to carry on experiments ex-periments for the welfare of the people. Defining his idea of constitutional consti-tutional government, he said Its true function Is to promote the general gen-eral welfare, not by interfering tin' duly with individual liberties, but by bringing to the aid of the individual indi-vidual those powers of government which are essential to assure the continuance of the inalienable rights which the Constitution Is intended to guarantee. It is democracy in the good old American sense of the word." Coming to the AAA, In which his hearers might be supposed to be most vitally Interested, the President Presi-dent asserted that "agricultural adjustment ad-justment is an expression in concrete con-crete form of the human rights those farmer patriots sought to win when they stood at the bridge at Concord, when they "proclaimed the Declaration of Independence, and when they perpetuated these Ideals by the adoption of the Constitution." Con-stitution." No matter what attempts may be made to tear it down, "the principle prin-ciple of farm equality expressed by agricultural adjustment will not die," the President told the crowd. The AAA has made "honorable history," the President declared, and as a result smoke is pouring from chimneys again and workers without regular jobs are obtaining employment. He served notice that It Is the purpose of his administration to "use every square mile of the United States for the purpose to which it is best adapted." Nature must be harnessed instead of despoiled," des-poiled," he asserted. At Boulder Dam the President as-sfsted as-sfsted in the dedication of the great project and delivered an address in which he announced that government gov-ernment spending for employment purposes was nearing its end and that now private industry must take up the burden of decreasing the army of the unemployed. He defended de-fended the administration against the charges of "boondoggling" and said its efforts "meet with the approval ap-proval of the people of the nation." He touched only lightly on the power pow-er question. Secretary Ickes, who also spoke, said Boulder Dam should be re-named Johnson Dam, in honor of Senator Hiram Johnson. John-son. Again at Los Angeles in the Hollywood Hol-lywood Bowl and at San Diego the Chief Executive delivered addresses, and then he went fishing. COL. FRANK KNOX, publisher of the Chicago Dailj News, Is now an accredited candidate for the Republican Re-publican Presidential nomination, for lie has received .ksws-----'!-' the indorsement of p151-the p151-the Republican f slate central com- T I mittee of Illinois. f'jf:( 'k5 j Colonel Knox has ' . :"v"' ',T I been In a receptive ; . i 3 mood for a long ; .fl 's time and has trav- .-i eled all over the ; i country making speeches. In various : i unofficial straw " . " votes he has been Col. Frank placed second, only Knox Senator Borah being preferred to him. Addressing the Illinois centra committee, Colonel Knox said: "I have been from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from West Virginia on north, and everywhere I find that the Republicans not only think that they will be victorious but they have a deep sense of responsibility to rescue the country from the hands of socialists." VTAN SWERINGEN brothers have regained control over the vast railway and real estate empire they built and lost to New York bankers. bank-ers. At the height of the boom this was valued at .S.'I.Ooo.mio.iKKI. It was taken by a banking griup when the Van Sweringens defaulted on loans of $4S000.0(Ki am", put up at auction. auc-tion. The brothers regained control for ?3.1 21.000 hy bidding in the majority ma-jority stork of the Alleghany corporation, cor-poration, holding company for all but one of the so-called Van Swer-inen Swer-inen roads, including the Chesapeake Chesa-peake & Ohio. Pere Marquette. Nickel Plate. Missouri Pacific, and Chicago & Eastern Illinois, and the! Van Sweringen corporation through ' which the brothers ruled their vast real estate possessions. F) ULGARIAN conspirators formed an elaborate plot to assassinate , K'ng Boris III and seize control of the government, but they were foiled j and many persons were arrested. ; Sources close to the government declared an attack was to have been made on the king as he ap- pearcd before his subjects to review re-view a parade In celebration of the! anniversary of his accession to the throne. |