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Show NOME K TOWN IIELPSBl THE HOME IIO How to Make and Use !t fc &IlXgZ2--WIRELES-TELEPHONY In many ways, all the principles and laws of wireless telegraphy appl equally well to radio telephony, but, In other ways, there are great differences between the two. In the first place, the vibrations or waves sent out by the wireless telegraph transmitter are Interrupted as they are produced by the vi-brator of a spark coll and while the flow of the oscillations or waves may be so rapid that they appear as a steady stream, yet there is really a distinct pause after each one. j,. . , If a telephone transmit Nw . """"" SSmS" . vi ter and receiver wert, .. . ' attached to the ordl- - ' , nary wireless lustra- - Vi '" "" ments used in te egra- - v v j phy, the sounds or vl- -' bratlons of the voice would vary the puth of the electrical - oscllla v.... tions and the pame va ' . .' nations would be. pro- - duced on the receiver. y'ySsysJv s Bnt, owing to the fact that the waves are In- - WI , s , terrupted and are not " v,svfcs, continuous, the wordf ' or sounds would be cut ' f'f.S" ! up Into sections which kvslyvvv. would be meaningless, , VVVv. Va pT Y!'V'S, although such sounds f as music, bells, whltt- - fi'l,6 ling, etc., might be rets L - ognlzable. In fact eotinds of this sort frequently have been heard ver ordinary wireless tele-graph Instruments. Hence It Is easy to see that the only reason why all sounds cannot be carried through space by ordinary wireless telegraph apparatus Is because of the Interrupted or broken waves, whereas, If these waves were continuous or were so incredibly rapid as to appear contiguous, the sounds they transmitted could easily be heard and nnnerstood. Therefore, the real fundamental key to successful wireless telephony lies In producing what are known as continuous waves and it Is to the perfection and control of such waves that radio telephony owes much of Its rupid advancement. The accompanying figures, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0 illustrate Just how the In-terrupted telegraphy currents and the continuous waves carry sounds. Thus, 1 represents the variations In vibrations In a certain word. 2, the Intermit-- tent oscillations of the wireless telegraph sender and 3, the way the word would be broken ajid Interrupted by being transmitted by means of such Inter-rupted waves. Figure 4, on the other hand, shows the continuous waves of the wireless telephone transmitter; 5, the sound waves of a word and 6, the waj the continuous waves. Interrupted by the words would appear. By study Ing these( diagrams you can easily see the difference between tbe word broken up as n figure 3 and flowing smoothly as In figure 6. It. must be borne in mlml, however, that whereas the sounds of the voice) of music, etc., cannot be satisfactorily sent or received by wireless telegraph Instruments, yet wire-less telegrams can be sent to perfection, and can be perfectly received, over wireless telephone lnntmments. Indeed, the very best transmitting radiophone sets serve the best for sending telegraphic messages, the only difference being that for the former the continuous high frequency waves are used, whereas, when Bending code messages by telegraph, the waves are broken or "chopped" by suitable Instruments and a key which opens and closes the circuit. In using wireless telephony, Just as in wireless telegraphy, there must be two separate units known as transmitters and receivers and a transmitter can be used only for sending and a receiver for receiving. As the sending or trans-mitting apparatus df the wireless telephone Is fuT more complicated than the receiving Instruments, as the greatest Interest in wireless telephony lies In re-ceiving the messages, songs, etc., sent broadcast from large sending stations, and as the receivers are very simple and easy to understand or to construct, we will put the cart before the horse, so to speak, and consider the receiving end of radio telephony before we take up the sending end. ' ' ' - v" ' 553,689,347 15, . STRONG PROTEST BY LABOR REP. RESENTATIVES; BOARD MAKES CUT IN SHOP, WORKERS PAY Just And Reasonable, Wage Is Not Established by Majority Declares;' Minority Opinion on "' ; Decision ; " t Cliicago-yOve- r the strong protest of the three labor representatives on the United States railroad labor board, a new wage cut of seven cents an hour, for railway shop mechanics and nine i cents for freight car men cutting 400,--' 1 000 shop men approximately $60,000,-- . I 600 a year "was ordered by the board ' I Tuesday. . . ; I The new wage reduction brought an II estimated added saving of $59,609,347 If annually to' the railroads, following on the heels of a $50,000,000 cut in the 1 wages of maintenance of way laborers I last week. The shop crafts decision I becomes effective July I, the same H dnte as last week's order. y "The tendency 'of the decision is to I vindicate the propaganda of the rail. II roads and consequently condemn such statements as the employees have been, able to bring to public attention," the II minority opinion said. It was signed U by Albert O. Wharton, W. L. McMenl- - I men and Albert Phillips, the three la- - I bor representatives. I The reduction, for mechanics aver aged a little more than 8 per cent, all machinsts, bollermakers, blacksmiths, sheet metal workers, electrical work, ers, carmen (except freight car men) moulders, cupola tenders and core-mak-ers and the regulur and helper ap-prentices receiving a cut of 7 cents an hour. Freight car men, commonly known as "car. knockers" and he ob-ject of some of the heaviest assaults by the roads in their battle for lower wages, were cut 9 cents. The lirger cut was ordered for the "car knockers' because flie board said it believed that their work did not re-quire the same skilled service as other ' brandies of carmen's work. This heavier reduction for the freight car men came under especially severe criticism in the minority reiort, the labor members declaring there was no justification for discrimination in car work. Car cleaners, who now receive an average of $3.19 a day, were cut 5 cents nn hour, or 40 cents a day. Thp ne; hnnics whose daily rate now averages from $0.11 for electrical worn-er- a to $0.'.'8 for blacksmiths, will lose 50 cents a day under the new decision, bringing their daily wage to approxi-mately $5.70. The board's latest decision which is to be followed shoitely by reduction for railway clerks, telegraphers and nil other classes of railway employees execept the train service men, was ' brief and offered no explanation of how the new rate,s were arrived at This dismission brought more fire fro the dissenters who declared ths tint. Jority decision did not consider "hu-man needs," ignored the pleas for a "living wage" and made "no attempt to show that mechonlfs are not en-titled to such a standard." Suggestion for "some recognized ! standard" to be worked out by the 'I oonrd and used as a basis for future 1 age adjustments was contained In '.he' minority report, which consumed several times the number of pages in g the majority decision. The labor mem. Ders felt, they said, that the board 'should Initiate a study which shall j determine the nmount necessary to aieet some recognized standnrd and It must use its results ns a busis for Its decisions and that It must, through those decisions transmit this informa- - Hon ,b the public." The decision, the minority report ontlnued, tended "to substantiate the position of the railroads that wages need not be established with reference to the needs of the family," contend-ing that a minimum wage for the shop irafts should be CO cents an hour, would mean a rate of 87 cents for Skilled mechanics. The Bingham News Price $2.00 per year, in advance A Weekly Newspaper devoted exclusively to . the interests of the Bingham District and its people. Published every Saturday at Bingham Canyon, Utah George Reynolds, Editor Clark and Reynolds, Publishers. Bourgard Building, Main St. Bingham Phone 91 RECOGNIZE VALUE OF TREES People Awake to the Necessity of Their Presence for the Proper . Landscape Effect. With the growing Interest in forest" ry, the landscape effect of the trees used for reforesting purposes should not be overlooked. As country homes Increase In number, the esthetic fea-tures in both cultivated areas and woodlands become more and more Ira- - portant, writes F. W. Kelsey in the American Forestry Magazine. Progress In this direction in the United States may be classified into three distinct periods. . . . 1. The early clearing of the native woods growth with waste and destruc tlon alike of the natural foliage effect! and the irreparable loss of the tlrabei supply, without consideration being given to future needs. , 2. The awakening to a realization ol this suicidal policy as manifested Id the conservation movement, which haf now become a subject of nation-wid- e Importance. 3. The prospective period when the beauty of the forest growth will In the treatment of forestry land be recog-nized as an Important factor of de-velopment In connection with the utlll tarlnn purposes of the forest The fact is now everywhere ap-preciated that a treeless landscape is like a treeless city, an unattractive and depressing sight SOLDIERS' REACHES SENATE ' . PLAN CARRIES NO ADDITIONAL TAXATION FEATURES, CUTS f BIO SUM FROM ESTIMATES Senator McCumber's Measure Pro. vides Adjusted Service Pay, But No Cash Payment If Credit Exceed Fifty Dollars - ' ... Washington. The soldiers bonus bill was formally presented Thursday n the senate by Chairman McCumber t the finance committee with an report placing the prob-able cost to the federal government at 3,845,Cf9,481, spread over a period of forty-thre- e years from next January 1. rhis Is appoxlmately $250,000,000 less than the estimate under the house bill, Which was f.t.008,719,350, payuble over Iwejnty years. The senate bill estimate was pre. pared by treasury experts and Is based On the theory that 75 per cent of the 1,458,199 veterans who would be eligi-ble for compensation would elect the adjusted service certificate option, 22 H per cent farm, home and land set-tlement, and 2Vi per cent vocational training aid. Should all of the veter-ans select the certificate plan the to-t- nl cost would be $4,486,545,973. With reference to financing the leg-islation, Chairman McCumber's report said it was hoped that the reduction In governmental expenditures plus the payment of interest on the refunded foreign obligations would be sufficient to oUvtnte tlio tmnnulH.in nf mlrlltlnn.il w " v U UUI lilVUUl taxntion. "If it does become necessary to im-pose additional taxes," the report con-iinue- 'lt Is believed wo can better determine, the amouiit of the neces-sary levy and. the methods of. distrib-uting such burdens for the future at a later date when the future condition of the treasury will be more accurately established." Senator McCumber explained that an attempt had been made to reduce to a minimum actual cash payments under the bill during the next three years whllg the treasury Is encaged in refunding the nearly seven billions nf dollars maturing government obll. gutions. The estimated cost of the bo-nus for those three years was 0. After its presentation to the senate the bonus bill went to the calendar, where it will remain until there Js an ngeement to call It up. Senator Mc- Cumber and some other, proponents ilesire early; action, but V'veal He-- publican lealrs are opprsed to sido-- tracking the tariff bill, as they expect the fight ove the bonus to consume at least a month and perhaps six weeks. Tills measure differs somewhat from the house bill and very widely from the bonus bill that was reported to the senate last year and later sent back to the finance committee at the request of President Harding. THE MONTH OF JUNE Lowell says "What is so rare as a day in June." Nothing, un-less it be a desire to be worthy of tthe moral Jlessons which June conveys. June is the month when nature is very generous, as a trip to any of the hillsides surrounding Bingham will con-vince one wild flowers of every description are seen on every hand. June is the month when . happy brides come forth and the marriage altar witness many nuptials, as if the month is adapted for the blessings of un-ity. So generous is this month as it broods over the sanctity of human life that many a mother has named her daughter after this month. June is the month for high school and college com-mencements, as the doors of these great (educational institu-tions swing open a veritable ar my of youth from one end of our land to the other branches out. . "Commencement" shall be Worthy of the name. School days are days of preparation and commencement should mean the beginning of one's education. We must not forget, either, that June 14th is Flag day. On that day we unfurl Old Glory. To the people of Bingham the Stars and Stripes mean much to them. It stands for all that is just, no-ble and true, it is to them the symbol of life and freedom. The flag defends him who defends it, by integrity, manhood and service. Its beauty is the power of free institutions, long may it waive and the month of June ever be loved. WHITE FENCE FOR GARDEN Decoratin Scheme That Serves Two Purposes, Making for Quiet and 8ecluslon, With Beauty. Framing the garden with a decora-tive fence of white pales has at least two distinct advantages. Inclosing the garden gives it that much-to-be-d- e E?s Jim t Fence That Appeals. tred atmosphere of quiet and seclu-sion. The gleaming white of the fence against the green foliage adds roucb to the appeal of the garden. RECEIVING SETS Broadly speaking, the receiving set consists of the antenna or aerial, the tuner, the detector and the receiver, but aside from the aerial, each part of the instrument Is made" up of stveral other units and appliances, each devised and used for a definite purpose. The aerial, which Is a wire designed to Interrupt or catch a portion of tbe continuous waes (always referred to In wireless telephone parlance as C. W.) consists of a single wire, for an-V- 7 ' like wireless telegraphy, a number of ' ArtAL strand or wires ia of no advantage In re-- celvlng. and still more remarkable, It - I makes no difference whether the wire be errrero y t bure or Insulated, for the C. W. used in 3 I radio telephony penetrates solids of ev-- rvAff Ok ery kind. Indeed, a wire stretched around 4ttci" --A a room or through a hallway Indoors, or I even a metal bedstead or bed spring, may serve as ari aerial for receiving wireless F'ff telephone messages, although far better "J"fmx0 ' re8u,ts are secured by properly Installed aerials out of doors. And here It may be wise to Impress all users of receiving sets with the fact that the lo&ger the aerial and the higher above the ground the better will be the results obtained, although an aerial 150 feet long and well above other large buildings will serve every purport. Moreover, It makes no difference whether the aerial Is borl-sonta- l, vertical or at an angle, provided it Is thoroughly Insulated from all sur-roundings, and very good results have been obtained by aerials run vertically up an air shaft or along tbe side of n building. So too, the lend-in- , or wire connecting the aerial with the receiving Instrument, serves as an aerial itself nd therefore a long lead-I- n with a short aerial will serve almost" ns well as a long aerial and short lead-In- , which is a tremendous advantage to dwellers in hotels, apartment houses, etc., where It U very difficult or impossible to Instull a long and lofty aerial on the Voof. But before going Into detulla and describ-ing the Installation of nerials, let us consider the rest of the receiving equip-ment and thoroughly understand Its principles. The detector, without which It would be Impossible to register or detect the mlhute currents of waves which pass through the neiiul Is u very Important port of the mechanism. There are two l.ves of detectors in use, me nrai known as the crystal detector and the other as the vacuum tube. In the for-mer, a crystal of some mineral preferably galena is used, while In the lat-ter, a form of incandescent lamp with especially prepared filament Is employed Of the two, the former Is the cheaper and Is used on most of the cheap, reudy-mad- e sets, but It has limitations and is not nearly as satisfactory In many ways as the vacuum tube, as will be explained later. The third unit or tuner is the means by which the entire apparatus Is made to pick np the sounds from some station or elsewhere and by means of which other sounds are shut out, for only by means of the tuner can the receiving set be placed in synchronism, or tune" with the waves carrying the sounds you wish to bear. The last unit or receiver Is merely a telephone receiver made for the purpose and which, on small set, Is worn over the ears exactly ns in receiving wireless telegraph men suges. Figure 7 illustrates In diagrammatic form these units with tlielr relative positions In the set, but lliere are several good accessories which are essential to juod results. A HATED WORD Words are curious things. They do not mean today what they meant yesterday, they may not mean tomorrow what they mean today. This generalizing leads us to one specific case the word Capitalism. The way this word has been criticized one would suppose it stood for some-thing slavish and criminal Thus a perfectly good word ,a word of long lineage and respectable . uses, that cannot be expressed by any other name, has come to stand for the greed and trickery of selfish, power seeking indi-viduals. When any of us save money and invest it in some pro-ductive enterprise, we are capi-talists. The man who produces no more than he uses is a sloth. The man who refuses to put his surplus to work lor himself and others is either a fool or a miser. The vho 'JvOiks, .laves slid invests is a capitalist. This leads to but one line of reason-ing. Capitalism has been the main cog in the development of civilization. We grow, we im-prove, in the exact ratio of our production above our consump-tion. The reason we have reached our present civilized de-velopment is because most of us are capitalists, it may only be to the extent of a War Savings Stamp, but we are capitalists , just the same. Capitalism may be denounced by the Reds but there rre many today who con-tinue to believe that a good sized dose of capitalism is-- what Bol-shevism needs today. Joseph Admits Identity Salt Lake. "You may announce thot r admit my Identity as Milton D. Joseph." newspaper men were told Thursday by the man who hns insiste d bat he was Captain J. p. Myers since his arrest In Miami, Fla.,' several nonths ago for an alleged embezssle-nen- t of $54,333.10 from the Continen-tal National bank in March of 1914. With this admission the question ns to ivliether Myer's arrest was a matter Jf mistaken Identity Is cleared. Opln-'o- n hns been divided as to whether Myers was In fact Joseph, and while many persons who knew the former iroker were postlve In their Identlfl-'ntln-others expressed considerable loubt of this fact EXTERIOR MUST BE INVITING What Might Be Called "Approaches" to House Are Worth the Most - Careful Consideration. . A comparison of the dumber of per-sons who view tbe Interior of the home with the number who view the exter-ior makes more than evident the Im-portance of artistic and tasteful dee-orati-for the lawn and the outside of a house. The careful execution of a well-planne- d scheme of exterior dec-oration Is a matter of personal as well as civic pride, and nothing enhances to such an extent both the home and the town as vines, shrubs and flow-ers carefully placed with an eye to general effect and suitability In keep-ing with the size and shape of the lawn and the style of architecture of the building. The beauty of a house or group of buildings can be entirely spoiled or greatly improved by the !nf.3 ft?td shrubbery stoTid !t. Every householder . Is confronted with his own particular decoration problem, lie must study the character of his ground, the style of his house, the paths and walks leading to it, as well as take Into consideration the kind of decorations his neighbors Use In order to get the right emphasis and contrast to bring his own place out and a proper perspective of the whole, house, lawn and flowers. 5pen Rates Placed on Export Articles New .York The .North Atlantic, itenmshfji freight conference declared pen rates Wednesday on more than twenty standard commodities or ex-K- rt to flermany, Holland and Belgium. Die act'on, which was tar.en to per-n- lt its menders to meet rates quoted y nonce.nference lines, was Interpret, sd In hlpplng circles ns an Indica-tion of a lively trans-Atlanti- c rate freight war. Japan's Debt Heavy Toklo. Jupiin's total national debt imoiiiitt'd nt the end of March to yen ?,ri.v:(vr,Mi. of hich yen e;ireGned foreb'n loans accord to '.'g:ires publisl.e-- by tbe department f finnnce. As compared with figures 'i- the pre"eillng month, the March tVs sh'w an Incase of "'J.VW.OOO fen in the domestic loans niid a de-- of :;.)",,m) yen In foreign Mu- - IKties. Heres An Honest Man Snlcm, Ore. C. E. Llne!ierg:ror Portland, has written to Oov. Olrott confessing that in 1008 time lie vcted Illegally by swearing falsely that ns had been In the st:ito long enough to qunlify as an e'octor.' lie cxprsei s willingness to be punished. II? s:iH he had been nvcrtcd to ChristlrnHy and wns endeavoring to make amends for the past. Set Good Example. Show your good citizenship and do-mestic pride by making your house a splendid example rather than a dis-appointing exception. Wash your win-dows; apply paint to thirsty surfuces; clean and renovate your yards; polish your brasswork ; see to It thut your house looks like a real American home. And don't stop on the outside but make the Interior look like new from cellar All to attic. Sprang From Dreams. There Is not a single Invention achieved by juan from the making of the first stone ax to the construction of the latest model In airships that has not had a dream behind It. 11. Addition lirure. "Antenna Man" Latest The latest entry for the 'radio museum" Is the "iintennu num." I?y touching his little linger to the nerlal binding post of his radiophone, .'fames IJ. Miller, Kvanston, is aids to receive concerts broadcast from station K. Y. W. with practically the same value as when a IS.")-fo- aerial Is used. When another person touches Mr. Miller, wliile lie is neil.ig as the antenna of the set, the volume Is Increased. While performing this phenomenal stunt, there is no connection be' ween the neiiul on the roof of the bulldir. and the Instrument. Using t'.ie "body antenna,'' Mr. Miller asserts that Wale Is almost entirely eliminated. Ditcovery of s Ukrainian. IMscovery of a method whereby vlrelesN messages may be sent to ii definite receiving station Is attributed to it I'krainhin electrical 'engineer named Chnyke. and It is stnttil that by means of a simple apparatus Chnyke is able to straighten out an. I croup what me technically termed "loelicd power lines" of the magnetic Held into parallel rays. These rays, the inventor claims, can 'penetrate mountains and other obstructions. thereby eliminating the necessity of high antennae. It Is also staled that ' the discovery will enable the location from the mirfacc of Die earth ..( metal dciM.slis In the earth, and will be of great Kervhe to iix-iic- nci other sciences. Lillian Russtl Called by Death Pittsburg. P.i. Lillian Tlusscl (Mr. Alexander P. Moore,) bright star of American comic opera for three ft and Internationally known as a professional beauty, died n't 2 -) o' clock Tuesday morning, she had been 111 several weeks following n .ship-board accident white returning from Kurope. Her death was unexpected, us hor physicians two days ago an-nounced she had passe! the crisis t.ud would recover. Yukon ts I oo Boors D iv.s in, V. T. Yukon terrtitory, vhil3 lo;-- ; IV "vet" ttmy tut l o nhi hitv d.in't pfe- - .Inn l.r.. The on-- v pra. t'cabl rot' o ! of s'llpplng nny. 1'ihi't in'o th YnN n is l.y vy of the V, .,.! ", tirr"t .ry ; AInsi.n. M.ptor hns been arriving In bond fmrn Vnrn'ou. ve, P. "., through Skagway, Alaska, It V hit"ln.tsu t:nd biiwsnn. Now no. th e it Kcn served by Pr hTiiiinn t'oiiimls'loiicr Ibtynes that no worn liquor may traverse American tC T fcr medicinal or sder.fflc use. Pruning Rosee In Spring. For the production of Indlvldiia. blossoms of greatest perfection, as weli as to secure a succession of bloom, were pruning of loses must he practiced, says the United Stares Department of Agriculture. Where 1 large number of blooms of small slzo ' the flliu, the pruning Is less severe, in the spring, dormant roses which have been set In the full should be ut buck, leaving only 2 or It sieme v 1th 4 or ,r eyes on each. This will leave tbeiu tl luiit- or a In length, Important Detail. A lot of people make the serious mistake of forgetting thej It is neces-sary to have done something before It becomes advisable to employ a press cent. |