Show r s DETERMINE EXPENSE OF ROAD BUILDING Too often otten when road rond improvements are arc contemplated first cost Is the only Item consIdered There are other Items which must be taken Into consIderation consideration con con- before decidIng the type of road rond to be built The amount and character ot of the traffic which may reasonably reasonably rea- rea be expected to pass over the road during its lifetime should be determined do- do as near as possible so the lIfe ot of the pavement ement may be estimated It If more than vehicles a da day travel a road It should be paved between r 00 and vehicles per day a graveled graveled grav grav- road wIll serve Less than vehicles a day can be most cheaply served by dirt roa roads 11 s. s The entire maintenance cost during the Ute life of it g pavement plus the first cost will determine deter deter- mine the actual cost ot of the Improve Improve- ment This divided by the number of at years the pavement will last will wUl be bethe bethe the true guide which will point out the most economical type of paving Because ot of Its low maintenance cost and Its long life Ufe concrete Is nn an economical eco eco- type The high maIntenance costs of the old style pavement will make Its actual yearly cost tar far more than that of a concrete pavement There are arc certain Items of maintenance maintenance main main- common to aU all rondo road whether improved ed or unImproved Cutting weeds cleaning ditches repairs to shoulders guard cuard rails mils and simIlar Items are to be expected In maintain maintain- lug Ine aU all types of road construction Tho maintenance of the wearing surface surface ot of the he road however will wUl vary the type ot of road built In paved surfaced hard roads such as concrete thIs Item of maintenance Is almost a a factor and the Items cornmon corn com mon to aU all roads are those which make uP the bulk of- of the of-the the cost In the old style Improved toads however the maintenance ot of the su sur taco face Is by far the most Important Item Modern Modem traffic tears up the old style road and continually necessitates s large larg expenditures to repair the wearing surface and keep It In passable con con- WIth such a surface the unavoidable unavoidable un- un avoidable Items ot of maintenance fade Into insignificance before the vast sums expended to maintain Its sur- sur lace face The savings to In maintenance costs on ona ona a concrete road will soon pay the difference dif dif- ference In first cost and will actually save Sll money every year thereafter forthe for tor the community It Is the poorest kind ot of economy to build roads that wear out In a few tew years The staggering maintenance costs that pile up with this type ot of construction will soon lead a community Into financial dUll dUll- Especially Is this true when such construction Is paid for by bond Issues maturing many years hence The only method ot of reducing maintenance maintenance main main- costs Is to build the roads In such a way that they will wUl have hac permanency permanency per per- and low cost of upkeep What Is said to be the longest straightaway of concrete Is the thc 83 miles between Anoka and Belle Prairie Minn While this Is not the longest stretch ot of paved roads rands In exIstence existence ex- ex It Is the longest of at one pavement pavement pave pave- ment type and gives an Insight Into the concrete paving pa program that Is being belne carrIed on In all parts ot of the country For many years ears California led all allther other ther states In this type of at paving In recent years the Middle West has come Into the good g roads limelight with IllInois In the lend lead and voting at the coming election on another nn- nn other Issue ot of The East which started Its program only a few v years after California began beean building concrete Is progressing In good shape New York and Pennsylvania are the two leaders In this section Pennsylvania Pennsyl- Pennsyl vania passed a road bond Issue In 1918 1018 and last year another road rond bond Issue was passed and Is to be Invested as was the one previously pre Aside from the expenditure of these road bond Issues Pennsylvania Pennsyl annually expends about 1 on her roods roads from current revenues collected through automobile taxes and tees fees and gasoline tax In the thc South North Carolina Is the leading road buildIng state Hundreds Hundreds Hun Hun- ot of miles are being built annually to connect the rich farming lands ot of this section with the trade centers center and also to provide tourist routes to the mountaIn resorts In the eastern part ot of tile the state I |