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Show IICHFUL WAITING IS IB POLICY j : President Wilson Says Huerta's Prestige Is Fast Crumbling i Message Asks Legislation for Facilitating Credits Needed by ! Farmers Urges Presidential Primaries. j tut that we thould aa mu.'h as possV lila reduce the area of that debatable round by further and more explicit legislation; and thould also aunple-uit-nt that ureal act by legislation shlrh will not only clarify It but also Facilitate Its administration and make It fuln-r lo all concerned. No doubt shall all wish, and the country will expect, thla to bt the central aubject jt our deliberation! during the pres-flit pres-flit session; but It Is a aubject ao runny aided and ao deserving of cartful cart-ful and discriminating dlKCunslon that I nhnll take the liberty of addressing you upon It In a specWl message at later date than thin. It la of capital Importance that the business men of this country should be relieved of all uncertainties of law with regard to their enterprises and Investments and 1 clear path Itidlcute.l which they can travel without anxiety. It la aa Important Im-portant that they ahould be relieved ut embarrassment and set free to prosper ai that private, monopoly alinuM be destroyed. The ways of action should be thrown wldo open. I turn to a aubject which I hope ran bo handled promptly and with-nut with-nut acrloiia controversy of any kind. I mean the method of selecting nominee nomi-nee for the presidency of the I'nlted Staled. I feel confident that I do not misinterpret the wishes or the expectations of the rotintry when I urgo the prompt enactment of bglHlatlon which will provide fur primary elections throughout through-out the country at which the voters of the several parties may choose their nominees for the presidency without the. Intervention of nominating conventions. con-ventions. Independence for Philippines. These, are all mutters of vital do-mottle do-mottle concern, and besides them, outside out-side tho charmed circle of our own national life In which our affections command us, as well as our consciences, con-sciences, there stand out our obligations obliga-tions toward our territories over sea. Ilert we are trustees. I'orto Kieo, Hawaii, the Philippines, are ours, once regarded us mere possessions, are no longer to be selfishly exploited; they are part of the domain of public conscience con-science and of serviceable and enlightened enlight-ened statesmanship. We must administer admin-ister them for tho people who live in them arid with the same sense of re-aponalbllity re-aponalbllity to them as toward our own people In our domestic affairs. No doubt we shall successfully enough bind I'orto Hico and the Hawaiian Islands Is-lands to ourselves by ties of Justce and affection, but the performance of our duty toward the Philippines is a more difficult and debatable matter. We enn satisfy the obligations of generous gen-erous Justice toward the people of Porto Itico by giving them the ample and familiar rights and privileges accorded ac-corded our own citizens In our own territory and our obligations toward the people of Hawaii by perfecting the provisions of self government already granted them, but in the Philippines we must go further. We must hold steadily In view their ultimate Independence, Inde-pendence, and we must move toward tho time of that Independence ai steadily as the way can be cleared and the foundations thoughtfully and per nianenlly laid. Double Duty Toward Alaska. A duty faces us with regard to Alas ka which seems to me very presslm and very imperative; perhaps I should say a double duty, for it concerns foot to the political and the material develop mi nt of the territory. The people ol Alaska should bo .lvn the full terri tortal form of government, and Alas ka, as a storehouse, should be un locked. One key to it Is a system ol railways. These tho government should Itself build and administer, am the porta and terminals It should Itsel control In the Interest of all sho wist to use them for the service and d velopment of the country and Its pea pie. Specially Important Three or four matters of special Im portance and significance I beg tha you will permit me to mention in clos Ing. Our bureau of mines ought to b equipped and empowered to rendu even more effectual service than I renders now In Improving the condl Hons of mine labor and making thi mines more economically productlvi as well as more safe. This Is an all Important part of the work of con servstlon: and the conservation o human life and energy lies even nesi er to our Interest than the preservs Hon from waste of our material rr sources. We owe It. In mere Justice to th railway employes of the country, t provide for them a fair and effectlvi employers' liability act; and a la that we ran stand by In this matte will be no less to the advantage o those who administer the railroads o the country than to the advantage o those whom they employ. The experl ence of a large number of the state abundantly proves that. We ought to devote ourselves t meeting pressing demands of plal justice like this aa earnestly a t the accomplishment of political an economic reforms. Social Justlc comes first. U la the machinery fo Its realization and Is vital only as I expresses and embodies It Washington, Dec. 2 The president (artsy delivered the following message Co congress: In pursuance of my constitutional Muty to "give to the congress In formation forma-tion of the state of the Union," I take the liberty of addressing you on several sev-eral matters which ought, as It seems go me. particularly to engage the at petition of your honorable bodies, as of all who study the welfare of the nation. I shall ask your Indulgence If I venture ven-ture to depart In some degree from the usual custom of setting before you In formal review the many matters which have engaged the attention and called for the action of the several department of the government or which look to them for early treat inent In tho future, because the lint Is long, very long, and would suffer In the abbreviation to which I should have to subject It. I shall submit to you the reports of the heads of the several departments. In which these subjects are set forth In uircfu! detail, de-tail, and beg that they may rerelve the .houghtful attention of your commit tecs snd of all member of the con Kress who may have the leisure to study thern. Their obvious Importance, as constituting the very substance of the business of th government, makes comment and emphasis on my part uu necessary. Country Is at Peace. The country. I am thankful to aiiv. Is ut pea'-e wilh all the world, and many happy manifestations multiply about us of a growing cordiality and sense of community of Interest among the tuitions, foreshadowing an age of Settled peace and good will. Tin re la only one possible standard ly which to determine controversies between the l ulled States and other rations, and that is compounded of these two elements: Our own honor and our obligations to the peace of the win 1,1, A test SO compounded outfht easily to be made to govern both the establishment of new treaty ofoll rations and the Interpretation of those already assumed. Huerta Must Let Co. There Is but one cloud uon our horizon. ho-rizon. That has shown Itself to tho south of us, and hangs over Mexico. There can be no certain prospect of peace In America until General Huerta has surrendered his usurped authority In Mexico; until It Is understood or ill hands. Indeed, that suc h pretended governments wilt not fon countenanced or dealt with by the government of the United States. We are the friends of constitutional government In America; we are more than Ita friends, we are Its champions; because In no other way can our neighbors, to whom we would wish In every way to make proof of our friendship, work out their own development In peace nd liberty. Mexico has no government. govern-ment. The attempt to maintain one at the City of Mexico ha broken down, and a mere military ties poll sin has been set up which ha hardly more than the semblance of national authority. author-ity. It originated In the usurpation of Vlctorlano Huerta. who. after a brief attempt to play the part of constitutional con-stitutional president, has at last cast aside even the preiense of legal right and declared himself dictator. As a consequence, a condition of affairs now exist In Mexico which has made It doubtful whether even the most elementary and fundamental rights either of her own people or if the cltlens of other countries resident within her territory can long be successfully suc-cessfully safeguarded, and which threatens. If long continued, to Imperil Im-peril the Interests of peace, order and tolerable life In the lands Immediately Immedi-ately to the south of us Even If the usurper had succeeded In his purposes, In despite of the constitution of the republic and the rights of Its people, foe would have set up nothing but a precarious and hateful power, which could have lasted but a little while, and whose eventful downfall would have lett the country In a more deplorable de-plorable condition than ever. Hut be has not succeeded. He has forfeited the respect snd the moral supeort even of those who were at one time willing to see him succeed. Kittle by little he has been completely Isolated. Hy a little every day his power and prestige are crumbling and the collapse col-lapse Is not far away. We shall not. I believe, be obliged to alter our policy pol-icy of watchful waiting And then, when the end comes, we shall hope to see constitutional order restored In distressed Mexico by the concert and energy of such of her leaders as prefer pre-fer the liberty of tbelr people to their own ambitions Currency Reform. I turn to matters of domestic concern. con-cern. You already have under consideration con-sideration a bill for the reform of our ystem of banking and currency, tor Vblcb the country watta with Impati ence, as for something fundamental ' to Us whole business life and neces- I sury to set creui free from arbitrary i and artificial restraints. I need not say how earnestly I hope for lis early en- J ailment Into law. I present to you, In addition, the urgent necessity that special provision ! bu made also for facilitating the cred- t Us needed by the farmers of the coun- t try. The pending currency bill does the farmers a great service. It puts them upon an equal footing with oth- er business men snd masters of enterprise, en-terprise, as It should; and upon Its passage they will find themselves quit of many of the dllllcultles which now hamper them In the Held of credit. Thm fanners, of course, ask and should bo given no special privilege, such as extending to them the credit of the government Itself. What they need uud should obtain Is legislation which will iiiiike their own abundant mid substantial credit resources available avail-able as a foundation for Joint, concerted con-certed local action In their own behalf be-half In getting the capital they must use. It I to this wo should now address ad-dress ourselves. Allowed to Lag. It has. singularly etiougH. come to pass that we have allowed the Industry Indus-try of our farms to lag behind the other activities of the country In It development. I need not stop to tell you bow fundamental to the life of the Nation Is the production of Its food Our thoughts may ordinarily bo concentrated upon the cities and the hives of industry, upon the cries of the crowded market place and the clangor of the factory, but it Is from the quiet Interspaces of the open valleys val-leys and the free hillsides that we draw the sources of life and of prosperity, pros-perity, from the farm and the ranch, from the forest and tho mine. Without With-out these every street would be silent, si-lent, every office deserted, every factory fac-tory fallen Into disrepair. And yet the farmer doe not stand upon the same footing with the forester and the miner In the market of credit. He Is the servant of the seasons. Nature determines how long he must wait for his crops, and will not be hurried In her processes. He may give tils note, but the season of Its maturity depends upon the season when bis crop matures, ma-tures, lies at the gates of tho market where bis products are sold. And the security he gives Is of a character not known In the broker" office or as familiarly fa-miliarly as It might be on the counter of the banker. Efficiency In Farming. The agricultural department of the government Is seeking to assist a i never before to make farming an efficient effi-cient business, of wide co-operative effort. ef-fort. In quick touch with the markets for foodstuffs. The farmer and the government will henceforth work together to-gether a real partner In this field, where we now begin to see our way cry clearly and where many Intelligent Intelli-gent plans are already being put Into execution. The treasury of the United Uni-ted States has, by a timely and well-considered well-considered distribution of its deposits, depos-its, facilitated the moving of the crops In the present season and prevented the scarcity of available funds too often oft-en experienced at such times. Hut we must not allow ourselves to depend de-pend upon extraordinary expedients. We must add the means by which the farmer may make his credit constantly constant-ly and easily available and command when be will the capital by which to support and expand his business. We lag behind many other great countries of the modern world In attempting to do this. Systems of rural credit have been Studied and developed on the other side of the water while we left our farmers to shift for themselves 1ft the ordinary money market. You have but to look about you in any rural district to see the result, the handicap and embarrassment which have been put upon those who produce pro-duce our food. Study Rural Credit. Conscious of this backwardness and neglect ou our part, the congress recently re-cently authorized the creation of a special commission to study the varl ous systems of rural credit which have been put Into operation in Kur-ope, Kur-ope, and this commission Is already prepared to report. Its report ought to make It easier for us to determine what method will be best suited to our own farmers. Let Sherman Law Stand. Turn from the farm to the world of business which centers In the city and In the factory, and 1 think that all thoughtful observer will agree that the Immediate ervlc we owe the business communities of the country la to prevent private monopoly more effectually than It ha yet been prevented. pre-vented. 1 think It will be easily agreed that we should let the Sherman antl-1 antl-1 trust law stand, unaltered, as It Is, with Its debatable ground about It. |