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Show - MILLARD COUNTY CHRONICLE, DELTA, UTAH J THE WEEK'S NEWS gLfnJfreet and the World 5 MacArhur Given Hero's Welcome; Divided Nation Questions Issues J AROUSED NATION No one event in the recent history of the States has caused as much comment among the people on the streets of the little towns and big towns of the nation as j ain . dismissal of Gen. Douglas MacArthur from his commands 3' east- It was a shocked and angry nation that gathered on Main Len the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. It was a happy nation S!ff lonstrated at the end of World War II. Bt it was a divided t questioned the removal of MacArthur! titl0 Tne storm raged from erncerv i fevfCommanders Lt. Gen. Ridgway store to filling station,, from hard-ware store to the courthouse. Indig-nation, sorrow, fear righteousness, worry, and hysteria found their way in-to the controversy. The issues of civil power vs mili-tary, Europe vs Asia, the personality of MacArthur vs Truman, politics vs statecraft, all entered into the story. For a week it was violent and then the general came home for the first time in 14 years to the acclaim of a grateful and sentimental nation. But by now the first shock and anger of the President's action had given way to considerable sober thinking. For the first time the people of Main Street got a look through the fog of personal grudges and politics at some of the deeper issues. Although it was a divided nation still, hysteria was abating. There was still confusion, but the people along Main Street were calm-er. And many of them realized that they had witnessed a turning point in history. Whether it would be for the best interests of the country and the world they could not decide only time would tell. THE WORLD 'Although at first glance it seems a long way from the Main Streets of the small towns of the nation to Europe and Asia, the majority of the hometowners today realize we live in "one world," and for that reason they were listening to what others had to say about the MacArthur-Truma- n controversy. This is some of the reaction abroad: London-- " . . . His (Mac-Arthu- r) removal was accepted as an augury of peace"; Paris "The 0L Lt. Gen. Van Fleet With the removal of Gen. Douglas MacArthur from bis tommnis in the Pacific, Lt. Gen. Ridgway has taken over MicArtbur's posts in Tokyo. Lt. Gen. van Fleet assumed com-mi-of the 8th army in Korea, succeeding Ridgway. i French feel that ms dismissal means less chance of total war . . ."; Bonn "Most Germans believe that ai worst General MacArthur's impulsiveness would involve the United States in a general war." THE PRESS Back of the national scene the home town press took a more temperate view of the incident than expressed by the thousands ot telegrams that were received by senators and congressmen. The home town editors were concerned about constitutional rights and which is more important to world peace, Asia, as believed by MacArthur, or Europe, as Mieved by Truman. A survey of 78 leading newspapers in the daily field showed this division of opinion: Truman right, 38; Truman wrong 26; neutral, 14. The daily press, too, was deeply concerned over issues concealed in the first blast of tempers. THE CONGRESS And while the Truman-MacArth- controversy raged along the Main Streets of the nation, the debate reached the boili-ng point in the house and senate. It can be said with all truthfulness that the dispute reached the stage where those two bodies of men, representing the people of the United States, stripped themselves Lof what little dignity remained after three years of battling over domestic and foreign issues. The debate, for the most part, was along party lines with the Republi-cans backing MacArthur and the Democrats plugging the President. Both sides hurled the label of "war party" at the other. There were in-dications, however, that the two parties might get together for a sweepi-ng investigation of the administration's far eastern policy. ANOTHER LONG WAIT While the nation talked of the Truman-MacArth-controversy, the house passed its version of a draft bill. But toe mothers and fathers in the small towns of the nation appear in for ano-ther long wait before they learn the fate of their sons. The measure now goes to a house-senat- e conference committee that las the senate version of a draft. The conferees face a long and hard struggle to work out a compromise. Long-rang- e training features of the two measures pose the greatest obstaclei to quick agreement. There are, however, numerous other conflicts that will require time to adjust. At the moment it appears very likely that a compromise bill might not become law much before July 9. the expiration date of the present selective service act. FARM MACHINERY OUTPUT The d cutback in farm equipment output is expected during the next three months, industry spokesmen reported, with production of about 75 per cent of the indust-ry's capacity. Production of farm tractors for the first quarter of this jear was higher than in 1950, but material shortages are expected to red-uce schedules. From January through March, 152,260 farm tractors were produced. the corresponding months of 1950 the total was 147,972 units. The increase was attributed to use of materials stockpiled during last fall's strikes. Accumulated materials have been used up, however, and manuf-acturers are. having difficulty securing quantities to keep pace with prod-uction schedules. DEFENSE JOBS GO BEGGING The people of the home towns of the nation are not rushing into defense jobs as fast as some government agen-c'e- s desire. Robert C. (Soodwin, director of the bureau of employment security, reported that 50,000 unfiUed jobs clog the rolls of state employment of-c-as the nation's defense program shifts into second gear. The unfilled jobs are for workers in professional, managerial, skilled, :ervice, clerical and sales, semiskilled, and unskilled fields. Thirty-si- x v reported openings. DECISION SOON Since March 5, when deputies of Great Britain, ranee, Russia, and the United States began' meetings in Paris in hope of freeing on an agenda for another foreign ministers' conference, the in the home towns of America have waited patiently for an that perhaps the big four could get together. A decision should be reached any day now and the democratic nations ,.eve the Soviet Union will agree to the conference. U.S. diplomats lea ve the Russians will agree for three reasons: (1) To stall, or at PU' 8 brake on tne accelerated defense programs of the free na- - tion s ot tlle Atlantic alliance; (2) To exploit and widen whatever differ- - e may stiU exist among the western powers and to divide them on Portant Policy issues, if possible; and (3) To use the proposed con-- y ce' Eund to be one of the most widely reported events in recent ry, as an organ of propaganda for Soviet "peace aims." tion. He settled that issue himself, however, by decisively defeating the English forces under Edward II at the battle of Bannockburn in June, 1314, and assuring the con-tinuance of Scotland as an inde-pendent kingdom. Every student of American his-tory knows of the quarrels and differences of opinion that flared after President Abraham Lincoln put General Grant in charge of the Union armies. Some members of Lincoln's own cabinet not only re-fused to support but actively op-posed Grant's appointment. It was, in a sense, a MacArthur situation in reverse. Grant's Problem And when Grant took command in March, 1864, he found he had to fight not only the enemy but the torpor and passivity of his own TKUMAN AND MACARTHUR TALKED AT WAKE ISLAND . . . but the result was only an uneasy truce . . . generals m the field. The mili-tary Issue at stake that time was whether or not Meade, Hook-er, McClellan and others in the string of Union generals were right in fighting a defensive war. f - . .tir. i.v vl ' uenerai urani avoiding battles wherever possible, and choosing more often to retreat than to fight. Grant favored action and offen-sive contact with the Confederate armies. Over the protestations of his subordinates, he decided to attack wherever possible and car-ry the war to the enemy. The ultimate surrender of Gen-eral Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox proved the Tightness of Gran't strategy. But Grant, who went on to become President of the United States, albeit not an especially popular one, remained the center of a maelstrom of violent opinions all his life. So the MacArthur story is by no means a new one. Call his actions and utterances in Korea insubor- - RED ARMY SPEARHEADS THE MENACE OF COMMUNISM . . . would Mac Arthur's policies have brought total war? . . . THE GREAT CONTROVERSY History Shows That the Symptoms Underlying MacArthur's Dismissal Have Existed for Many Centuries By W. P. SCHOENTGEN WNU Managing Editor There is a kind of universality about Douglas MacArthur that communicates itself to many men, something of the same stuff that leads nearly everyone to believe in his own heart that he can run a newspaper and play Hamlet with a deathless genius. Was MacArthur right or wrong in his belief in the strategic i . - . .'"1 I 5 , - i 1 '"'x 1 1 GENERAL MACARTHUR bt went his own way dination, or call them an honorable defense of his own principles, they have basic meaning for us as a dramatic illustration of the grim fact that the United States has to choose between two basic and dif-ferent courses in this battle against the evils of communism. One way is going to be right, the other wrong. We say that the nation, in its collective mind, has was personifying. But he also made it plain that, sympathy or no sym-pathy, he could not overlook the insubordination of which General Mitchell was found guilty. An Assist to Air Power The violent closing of Billy Mitchell's career, we know now, marked the turning point of the controversy over the future of mili-tary aviation, and the pioneering general did much to advance U.S. air power to the mighty peak it reached in time to help win World War II. Whether time and events will vindicate General MacArthur's ideas as fully as they have those of General Mitchell is anybody's guess. ., One of the abiding characteristics of many powerful and successful military leaders in the past has been their capacity to capture the imagination and sympathy of the people and carry them along a chosen course to a point, at least. This makes for power and au-thority. And the possession of broad authority is like having a permit to carry a pistol. Keep it in the holster and depend upon its pres-ence there to control circum-stances, and chances are you won't get into trouble. The danger of carrying a gun lies in the possibil-ity that sooner or later you might start firing it indiscriminately and a lot of people will get hurt, in-cluding yourself. Julius Caesar, an overwhelm-ing military and political genius, amassed for Rome and for himself L priority of Asia, the bombing of Manchuria, the ultilization of Chi-nese Nationalist forces? Did he, in his public and private rejection of administration and United Nations policies in the Far East, express a subconscious de-sire to achieve "martyrdom" for his principles? Did President Truman take the right action but at the wrong time in relieving MacArthur of his mul-tiple command? It doesn't make any difference who you are you undoubtedly have your own strong, definite and perhaps impassioned answer to each of those questions. And ac-cording to your answers, you align yourself on one side or the other of the MacArthur controversy the great .American schism of 1951. It is a basic division, a schism of the soul and spirit; and the rock upon which the split has occurred is a military man, a soldier, yea, even a general. Military Men's Drama That in itself is not unusual. It is, in point of fact, a fairly sound historical tradition that great epochs of man's development are likely to turn upon the personality of a military leader, probably be-cause it is easy for the public to focus its attention upon a man who can be identified with the drama of danger and physical ac-tion, and with the glamour of mili-tary triumphs. General MacArthur follows vig-orously in that tradition. It has been his peculiar destiny to help lead this nation in smiting tyranny both right and left within the past dec-ade, striking to the right at Jap-anese imperialism in World War II and to the left at Communist efforts at domination in Korea and the Far East. Thus he has become a political symbol, having stood at the spear-head of America's often inept and fumbling but always intense de-sire for peace that patently will not be had for the asking but which may come if we fight hard enough for it. Whether the principles he has advocated are right or wrong, it is MacArthur the symbol, not Mac-Arth-the man, around which the very real, very basic foreign pol-icy quarrel has gathered. From that point of view, the MacArthur controversy is an old and elemental form of domestic strife that has occurred and re-curred within this or that national community ever since man has ben able to formulate and defend an opinion. Without attempting to make any invidious comparisons, a number of historic parallels to the Mac-Arth-case become apparent from a quick glance at the records. There is a superficial resem-blance, for instance, between the firing of MacArthur by President Truman and Calvin Coolidge's dis-missal of the late General "Billy" Mitchell for defying orders. Mr. Coolidge made it clear, however, that he was in sympathy with the cause of aviation which Mitchell of power which he was able to exercise pretty much at will. But there were those who felt he had too much power; they mistrusted it, feared that Caesar might mis-us- e it. PRESIDENT TRUMAN he lowered the boom split over the issue of1 which is the best way to deal with Communist aggression in the Far East. But it is not, it cannot be, a fatal split. The doubt that has been lurking behind our thinking and our attitude on the question of how best to fight the monstrosity of world communism has been brought plainly into the open and is clearly defined. There is no longer any reason for anyone be he statesman, mil-itary man, farmer, storekeeper or factory worker to deny the exist-ence of that doubt. Now it can be talked about and it can be elim-inated. That is the great service that President Truman and General MacArthur have unwittingly per-formed for the nation and the free world. They have managed to get all the cards on the table. The answer, still to be found, is there somewhere. MacArthur's Father Had Troubles, Too Gen. Douglas MacArthur's father. Gen. Arthur MacArthur, embroiled himself in a bitter dispute with civilian authorities 50 years ago when he was military governor of the Philippine Islands, which the U.S.' had just acquired from Spain. William Howard Taft arrived in the islands as head of a presidential commission charged with estab-lishing a civilian government in the Philippines. Although President William y was under heavy pressure in Washington to establish a civilian government as soon as possible. Arthur MacArthur's command took the point of view that only the army could do a proper job of restoring order and control. When Taft arrived. MacArthui cn!HN refnfrpd to see him No single man Jullus Caeser or group of men were strong enough to fire or depose the ruler by legal means. So Brutus and Tas-siu- s plotted, and on a day in March, Caesar, powerful and unsuspecting, walked up the steps of the Capitol to meet the knives of his assassins. Controversy, Then, Too That stirred up a great civil con-troversy in Rome, too. Was Caesar right in his principles and policies concerning the Roman empire, or were the men who deposed him by liquidating him right? It might be argued that Rome, under Caesar, reached its peak of dynamic ex-pansion and that its decline began after Caesar's death in 44 B.C. But regardless of the truth of that po-sition, the split over the aims and policies of Julius Caesar marked an epochal turning point in the his-tory of the Roman empire. Scotland's immortal Robert Bruce was the storm center of a raging controversy much of his life, while hp hold to and fought for his ideal of a free and indPtv-ndenl- na- BUDGET NOT FUNNY . . . British Chancellor of Exchequer Hugh Gaitskell enjoys comics with his two daughters shortly before he in-troduced a "harsh and unpleasant budget" in Parliament. Britain faces a basic tax increase of seven cents in the pound,- meaning that 4734 cents from every dollar earned will go to the treasury. Gaitskell says the budget is severe, but not crippling. Be says he realizes it won't be popular with the people. NETHERLANDS ROYALTY IN ARGENTINA . . . Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (right) visits the Casa Rosada residence of Argen-tina's president, Juan Peron, in Buenos Aires. The subject of their discussion was not made public. The prince of the Netherlands was making a tour of Argentina. PERILS OF THE ROAD ... A view of real pain upon the face of a human was caught in this picture of a woman whose finger was stuck in a hole on the bottom of a bus seat. Mrs. Lois Soderland, bound for Fresno, Calif., was searching for the gadget that eases the seat back into a position. The finger entered a hole and she could not release it. She was taken to emergency hospital in San Francisco, where the seat was removed from her hand. bft til;.:.:. ti 7 v ; s; --:fMm i ' ' X , 4 - - J I ,::?::SS::.:f fc ' WV v" 1 iTfe-- f; :" Vi.S ? i DAUGHTER PRACTICES UNDER FATHER . . . Mrs. Nina Rao Cameron, daughter of Judge Paul P. Rao, is sworn in to practice be-fore the U. S. customs court. Left to right are the Honorable Charles D. Lawrence, judge of the customs court administering oath; the Honorable Paul P. Rao, and Mrs. Cameron, taking the oath. This is the first instance in New York history that a daughter has practiced before her own father. i4RAt SECURITY TAXFS First Farm Social Security Report Due 800131 security and cssr returns fr farm and PanZ .emPloyees, together with April 30. matioSCial Security tax and infor" Periort ,"1 Vers the 1uart"ly March L, nuary' Febr"ary, and hold em!, ne Iarm and lnvolved thosfi. whQ "ought into the federal old- - age and survivors insurance sys-tem on January 1. Whether or not a farm or house-hold employee's wages are subject to the taxes depends on the number of days "worked for the employer and the amount of cash earnings. If in doubt concerning taxes due, farmers are urged to see the near-est internal revenue collector at once |