Show 7 PLOWING STUBBLE FIELDS BERMUDA GRASS aa W i za k aa 04 9 A if an VA 41 1 4 1 14 N 4 tl al 7 t A 14 4 fm M 4 A wheat field in wyoming prepared by the united states department deportment of 0 moisture la Is one a of the most important factor factors in crop production in the great plains are ares and tte its conservation A primary object of cultivation the experience of many successful farmere rs and experiments conducted by the united states department of ture however that there la Is no bard hard and fait fast rule for attaining thie this object the right time to plow ft I field told of mail small grain stubble for pring spring crops la is a question quee tion ot of judgment for to the man on the ground to decide conserve Cond Cora erve moisture Mo liture early fall plowing keeps down weeds and therefore conserves the moisture mo lature these would otherwise othen rlee consume on the other hand band it leavea leaves the ground in a less ie favorable condition for the winter stubble weed and ond uneven ground may way be unsightly but thoy they aid in retaining enow snow and in checking the blowing ot of the soil one great question for the farmer to decide la is therefore whether a greater amount of water will be accumulated from snow than will ba loit lost through weeds if it the in august and early september la to heavy a be he will probably decide to conserve it by fall plowing or some other cultivation it the rainfall at this time la 13 light he will be h inclined to leave the on the field through out the winter encourages Enco weed weeds knotner disadvantage in tall fall plowing la Is the opportunity afforded weeds I 1 to elart start before the crop in the spring plowing in the spring on the contrary thoroughly eliminates ellmin atea althe weeds woods and it if done immediately before seeding gives given the grata train crop a start before the weed weeds commence to grow TOW tha ideal cultivation would prevent weed veed growth in the fall leave the land in such co con n that it would retain the maximum now snow in the winter and ly destroy email small weeds immediately before seeding possibly this may bo accomplished by disking in the fall and plowing in the sprint spring or listing in the tall fall and bunting bursting the ridges in the tpring may be more practicable early fall plowing Is 1 effective ilk that it destroys deat roTc weeds which use the early fall precipitation but it does not leave the land in a condition to retain the now snow in the winter and it gives the weeds an opportunity to tart start before the crop libor factor the labor factor mint must ot of course taken into consideration la in fact the only advantage in late fall plowing Is tho the raving saying tn in ilia he labor required tn in the tille pring spring to prepare the seedbed where labor Is in the fall cultivation other than plowing which will kill weeds and can be done rapidly may way be resorted to it this cultivation leaves the stubble on the surface Bur tace or giaves 1 th the surface rough tough enough to bold hold the now snow it way be of even greater than plowing bermuda grass bermuda or wire crass grass ti Is at the ame same time a vala valuable able plant and a serious weed peet post upon where when it U la Is growing it la Is the doctor and mr llyde of the grain grass tarn fam ily bermuda li to a Ve perennial piani plank spreading prea dlag rapidly by root rootstocks stocks which send end out shoots at frequent interval intervals thus forming a dole close nod od the verl qualities therefore that make bermuda uch such a de deatra blo forage plant also make it a formidable weed bermuda grass as a a forage plant aa As a forage plant this grass la to utilized largely for pasture purposes although it te Is cut for bay to some ex ten tsal L it its I 1 1 ra 1 falk 0 t lipat cht and trampling by live but la in quite susceptible tb tc frost hence this brass fads tta its chief field df it U thu this sout southern Aern states aa an tar torte ai tie 1 and kentucky propagation fa Is largely by towing or plant planting lug email ismall w allon t ons of the rootstocks these aeo alons oi 01 cuttings about an inch long are aown sown broadcast and boyc wed in 1116 some camers prefer to plant cutting cuttings in shallow furrow about three feet apart the plants bing sets act at aut eighteen inches abatt in the urro wt A corn com marker or a anotol 1 in may air be usa us A for u uio the ur ruwa after the tutt cutting lugs are we dropped they should be covered at once with soil the covering coT ering may bo done either with the foot or a it boe bermuda la Is ome times own with hairy betez lep deia dela or wr wre IQ in it aza auns thu thus impei tl quai quality ity of 0 the pasturage paa torace on demud and L vetch out th me stock are an kept off for or certain period periods to permit the vetch plant plants to mature their seed a and later in the limmor to allow the young a retch tetch plants to aade a ake a start bermuda eras snakes good hay when cut sufficiently early its it reputation has buffered suffered somewhat by an interior inferior quality of overripe hay bay that lias has been put on the market two crops can ordinarily be cut each year while the yields are small on poor land a rich moist moll will produce beveral several tone tons per acre a year with both pa and meadow meadows the eod sod should be plowed once every tew low years on account of the tendency of ot this grasa to become bod nod bound bermuda la is also the common lawn grae grass in the cotton states stater A still further uie use li Is tor for rl glanting rian ling tin oil steep bleep itna and nd in gullies to arrest soil erosion as rell yell aa as on sand that has a tendency to drift bermuda grace grass as a weed to control Der bermuda muda grasa grass on ana farm land la to 9 rather difficult matter grow ing smother crops auch such as cow cowpeas peas eoy soy beans millet and sorghum ha has been advocated thia this method la Is buo only under favorable condl tlona where the fiol poll la Is productive enough to produce a thick bland stand and vigorous vig oroa growth ot of theae these crops they may be de defended ended upon practically to rid a field ot of the in reveral yeara years time most farmers tan nera no however wever have to rely upon clen cle n cultivation this method my be followed either with or without a cultivated crop growing on the land the beet best plen pit n usually ie Is to put the land to crass grass tor for a year or more either as pasture or meadow when the sod nod ha has become more or less root bound it Is in in a M condition plow shallow in midsummer 1 lust suet deep enough to get under the a sod od after that the land should je dished disked during the real o 0 ot of the season at intervals frequent enough to prevent top growth by being this kept at the surface ot of the soil oil during the hot weather of summer th the sod nod soon diles out and dies th the fre tre quent disking by keeping down the top or green growth finally starve out the rootstocks that were not turned by the plow it if the wok Is to ly done all ot of the Der bermuda will be dead by tall fall unless it be a very wet season it Is in advisable however to i put in a cultivated crop the following to locate and destroy any gras plants that may pe persist |