Show 1 AND GARDEN MATTERS OF INTEREST TO bou soil 41 t 11 1 t I 1 rate hint 10 it cut thud 0 U or t t ati 1 o 0 an tin I 1 4 her or f 11 trul tuOI 1 I 1 llorin writ t atut lure 1 I ant dojk I 1 lor or I 1 the value of these t two 0 t coups i ups id a a fertilize liz r is 1 due to mill tent cent of 0 nitrogen and furt r upun upon fact tint thit though the arter boot lint tilt all brow on eitl r k inci ind or clay elly th ill it Is too tot poor to balbi ai at thing ele As the lots are sin ill and nearly flie re x h hs of the tile pl ait oit Is laboi above i ground the stubble adoue dois dots not enrich the isrow I 1 aa is enuch is ilo du the coref correspond spond ine ing i I 1 i its t of 0 bitalia and of clover bown sown for tort I 1 ril lizer the crop cropis should hould be plona und 01 better at hoed bobbed don or past r d iff beton befort i losing ing liny are ire tu to except be lie 1 itald kho iho ie islan I 1 reports 3 icide cit of two or thi e tons of dry dr matter mitter it lf i t co v peas ani blight slightly ly less ot of sola soja beans Dela delaware Aare reports tut lut a luttio over or on one ton I 1 er acio acie ot of cow louisiana Louls lani over oi 01 e an I 1 one halt tons nn all I 1 south Carti carolina lini over three and one halt tona toils of dry matter to which ten per cent should be added to express it in terms ot of I 1 uy ay ohio reports but ont and one hat halt tons toils ot of ereen green foliage but ta tra e land was poor the 1 he yield ot of varies virles greatly in ili different localities with dif ferent I 1 varieties arlet les and m with ith time ot of planting in ge general cow peas and boja beani are capable ut about equal yield beld in ill seeds the former tending to excel in ill thi the south and the latter in the north both elrd more in drills than when sown a broadcast late pl planting inting tends to increase beed heed production and anti early planting to excessive development ot of atom stem and leaf feat of the ir imn irin in v iri etlea of cow peas the small upright feroci rs arc are moat in seed ami and the so called trall trallis rs ot of longer growal yield beld most ot of forage lelda of 0 seed report el ei vary try from ten or tw twelve ea e b bi liels hels to as dign as thirty seven per acre though twenty ive bushes la Is a good alel 1 ot of cow a peas and twenty ot of soja t ans N arie varieties arl etlea ties the two common varieties of I 1 e int are th black Nied medium lunt and the farly I arly hite or improved alte of these tl th first seems to give the tile ranker danl r growth of ines and the latter the heavier ot of seed the sixty or more varieties of cow peas differ greatly in lit character ot of grow growth th in amount ot of vine ine in lit yield of 0 seed and in the time required from seeding to maturity some ot of tho smaller varieties called bunch varieties are entirely upright ui right liko like eola beans others called I 1 trailers send out long trall tra vines fifteen or twenty f teu ft t long and abill others called ruu ners seni out upright stalks sta lka which af berward extreme development 1711 r sume a horizontal position the real trailers produce a 1 he ry y growth of v I 1 ine tie but the crop Is dIVI cult to secure with the mower which rides over many ot of the lowest vins tines leaving them attach d both to the ground and to the tangled mass ot of vinea ines about them because of this the so called runners are prefer ed as being easier to cut clean from the groina A few varieties will live in the ground o over oer er winter in the southern states and come up the succeeding lans spring the following supposed facts ill be of value to the prospective grow roer er t means trailing r running e erect very nery early sixty or seventy days new erea r chocolate Cho coate r congo t r vacuum r white giant r early whippoorwill 11 e it rid crowder r granite r medium coffee e large lady r pony r late black dlack eye r everlasting Everl arting r V hite bite crowder r very late unknown or N ond vond rul c e black r blue hull r purple hull crowder r clay e bolch t gaird goi rd r calico r quadroon Quadro cn 0 o e redding r red nipper r kice itice r Sp speckle eckie cro crowder der W r north carolina prefers unknown an and black for yield of cither either forage or seed clay for poor land and red nipper for dry sand land nearly all except the northern states place unknown first and black second tor for general use that Is for loth both seed and tint the clay recommended for poor 11 has much vine but Is a poor bearer the blue 1 Is 1 small with few vinis but a good bearer Is an ea ly variety ot of great excellence but Is a bunch je I 1 ca 1 with few culture lither of thee crops will gra groa A on almost an land that Is not too net et and may be eown sown broadcast at tho rate of 0 one halt calf to two bushels per acre using least seed n ith the trailing or running varieties they may alao also be planted in drills ot of convenient distance for cultivating planting the feeds seeds five or six inches apart in fo row in which case a bushel of sua beans will plant about four acres and ot of cow peas tour four to six according to the variety 1 ahe I he yield of 0 ceeil will lie lis bes from brills but the culture li is cheaper when sown broadcast on ground well prepared as for corn in balch case the crop now takes ilon sion of the ground to the exclusion of needs eeds in the south cow pea peas are frequently sown in corn at the last cultivating in general the best time to plant Is immediately after corn though much depend depends on the variety and upon the tact fact that the late planting favors seed formation with cow peas in all cases avoid cultivation when the vines tines are wet wart source of Seed Seed c can in be purchased from any reliable rell atle and at prices ranging froni front 75 cents up according to the locality and other clr cir stances southern see Bc edmen damen seem to pay most attention to varieties soil sail Apal yar prof persons in hia mat bulletin on A chemical study ot of some tropical I 1 sot 11 in speaking cf f the value rf of a chem lell an FIs there Is probably DO no one subject in connection with their profession that Is so little under j stood by 1 farmers gene generally rilly as that of the tile icil loll vidue litie to be d to a ch stiem in I 1 iri ir I indeed I 1 may sav sar that there li 14 scarcity ily i question tint is the 1 I 1 subject t of so much disca discussion sion and aAre agreement ement i in imong tho the agricultural of the country as hit thit of the real to be to su ii it in one line of authora au thorl tit alf q hol led by dr 1111 kard the dirac tur of the experiment sta atai tion relies mot strongly upon such an while title others of perhaps tanil prominence enc at leist in other hues do 10 not place so much rell rel I 1 nce ince upon it all agree how however e er that something la Is to be t b bi a careful chemical her stilly tit IY of a soil sail lion those who do not asree agree wholly with If ilgard concede thit whilst list a cheni feil anil anilois sIs falls to indicate the exact dewe of availability of soil constituents constituent it will nt at leist re veal at tho the total quantity ot of the constituents present thera in ill and in ili this Indi indicating citing either the sut ll fl elency or clene of the several soil essentials rituals it itself very helpful to the agriculturist eui eln though it docs does till fill to she show the enact exact degree ol 01 avail aall ability of a single soil constituent 11 I 1 insist bo be conceded that it it joea does this a che chemical in alsIs Is of anil to vi arrant its being 11 under til tit en ell tor for it it cm cin tell a farmer that hii goll soil cont contil tins ns a suf sufficient lelent quantity of one element and Is probably ly la lacking clIng in another it at lit least af affords forill him 1 rational basis tor for inaugurating a burlea of soil 11 test ex expert peril ments ft ith fill fertilizers that will embla him to insor tho the question and thu thui i save sale himself the lisk of pur pur chasing and appl 11 ing certain fertilizers on n a particular soil sail that aro are not neede beede 1 I by it and that would prove a useless expenditure it if ai at plied it will be tan aten thit the work joint in an Is thit that while it reveals whit tt a soil 11 actually contains and in what proportions tie several constituents bre u present it does not stale state with ab absolute blute iry just how much ot of that plant food la Is in an all available forin that Is ili a form bitted tor for plant assimilation this IH Is an important matter tor for other things being iqual tho the actuel product productiveness heness of any eoll soil will depend not so much upon the tile total amount ot of plant food it cout contains ains as upon the proportion ot of that too foo I 1 which Is in jn an ival lible form and until it Is possible tor for an to reveal with much accuracy the degree of of any plant food essen bial it cannot be said thit that chemical methods are entirely perfected and i iv pablo liable of furnishing information in tit all respects it Is encouraging to note thit many chemists are at the present time engaged in perfecting methods with this object in view it frequently happens that when soil are barrel tb ir failure to produce li Is d due ue to the presence of certain poisonous substances such as sulphate or sul aul phed of iron NN mien hen auch such Is the case fc chemical analysis will reveal tho the fart and chemistry stry will all pro provide ide a remedy soli soil for rears clay soil 11 Is considered best tor for pear culture and still it should not be too t and sticky A pear orchard will ill not thrive so well saya says oreen t ruit aroy er on any soil that has nat nut a clay subsoil next to a friable clay loam a gravel loam Is most desirable A light sandy noil noll la is the least desirable of any and yet peara pears can be grown on sandy soil standard pears can be planted twenty to thirty feet apart according to circumstances and babits of growth it planed thirty feet apart dwarf pears can be planted between tho the rows roas each way I 1 predo a stand ard pear for general orchard culture to tor the reason that they require leaa less fertility and cultivation an ani I 1 for the further reason that they are longer lived and make larger and more permanent trees hen the question came up tor for a vote however before the Ne western stern new now lork ork horticultural micle ty we found that the dwarf pear waa was th the favorite for orchard planting or tor for garden dwarf pears have the advantage of coming into earlier bearing the dwarf pear la is not short lived it re more pr ining and more atten attell tion than the standard pear many vu do better on the tho it dwarf art pear than on the etan stan darl I 1 should not locate a pear orchard or any other orchard in a low fitce of ground I 1 should locate on a hillside the pear is easily transplanted I 1 transplant several thousand every spring and thy do not lose on an average one inne out of one hundred trees pear treba come into bearing C earlier arlier than tho the apple intensive culture in arance I 1 ranee according to authorities who criticism criticise critic ise canadian agriculture from this standpoint tho the art of bertill arg the foil soil ie is carried to such an extent that in cane ratio of tenant farming the tenant usually reserves the right to carry the surface of the soil of his farm or garden away with him on oil the expiration of his deaso this Is the more practicable in that county country because lecause of cell meane means ot of communication it usual a if I 1 of the lota lots and i d th i tat thit the french peasi peasantry seldom do vander mander tar far from the neighborhood in alich they were born the returns from a single acre of land cultivated in the vicinity of paris parts by the highest degree gree of intensive tillage often amount to eight or even ten fold told more than the returns from an acre of land on a canadian farm rural canadian the sunshine of southern california Is being put to practical use by mean means of a boiar 1 water lit harter ter which h Is being largely used in that section it beats water k li the suns raye rays and by lis its use hot water may he be ha I 1 for a bith and other domestic at all hours of the day and night the invention working automatically it Is chimed claimed that affet aate the apparatus la Is once in thre th re ie Is not a cent of expense nor ned ne d a minute of time be devoted to it |