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Show SURFACE DRAINAGE OF ROADS Crown of a Road Should Be Sufficient to Shed Water Rapidly Recommendation Recom-mendation From Iowa. (By PHOF. J. K, DAVIDSON. Iowa State Agricultural College.) The roads should 'be provided with surface drainage. The cross section should be of Buch a shape as to shed all rain at once to tho side ditches. To do this, the road must bo oval or have a crown, must be smooth. The first of these Is a mattor ot construction, construc-tion, and the latter of maintenance. Tho side drainage system should be called upon to carry as much water as possible Water cannot be carried away by tho tile drains until the water has sunk through the soil and softened soft-ened It. The crown of a road should be sufficient suf-ficient to shod tho water readily. If tho road Is to be maintained and kept tree from ruts and holes, less crown will do than If the road Is to be neglected. neg-lected. The Iowa Highway commie-mission commie-mission recommended a slope one Inch to one foot for a crown In the traveled way. This Is sufficient for most conditions. The crown should Well Laid Drain for Hill Road. not bo too great. A stoop crown causes caus-es tho travel to be concentrated at tho centor, whero ruts will be worn and washing result Again there Is soma dllllculty In vehicles passing. On tho side of tho crown tho wheels of the vehicles ve-hicles have tendency to grind the road down. Tho tops of the wheels are noarer the gutter than the bottoms. This action, together with tho swerving swerv-ing or flow action of the lower part ot tho wheel, has a very marked el-xecL el-xecL The steeper tbe slope ot the road1 the more Important tho crown, for there Is a tendency tor the water to run down the' track rather than to the side. If water once begins to run down the center of the roadway It Is but a short time until the road is gullied out. Aim to havo the best of dairy products, prod-ucts, and market thom whore quality counts. Tho man with onough feed and cows coming frosh this fall has no kick coming. . If tho cream Is still warm after separating don't put tho lid on tho can down tight. Strong brlno thickened wltli soft soap makes a good mlxturo to rid cows and calves of lice. Tho farmer who allows his cows to hustlo for themselves on tho parchod pastures Is making n mistake Tho sunshlno Is a good helper In washing milk things; but It does not pay to throw tho wholo Job on tho sun. Hard and swollon udders may bo greatly relloved by patient rubbing If any liquid Is usod, lot It bo warm water. The preservation of butter depends moro upon tho thorough romoval of tho buttermilk than upon tho prea-enco prea-enco of salt. |