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Show I HON. i. 0. CAS 01 I THE REPUBLICAN PITY M Illinois Statesman and Ex-Speaker H Writes Interesting Article on B The 0. O. P. A Masterly B Review Which Every B Citizen Should B H Hon. Joseph 0. Cannon of hi., Kx- B Speaker or tlio Houso of ReiweBeHtu- H ttvcej has contributed the following B nrtlclo to the Saturday Evening l'ont. H It Inter appeared in tho congressional B record, from which wo herewith ft H produco B Followers After Strange Godi H Crusades for political rcgcncratloi M como periodically, like other eplclcm- H ics. They nro na different as nra the B raea&leB, tho whooping cough, nn U e H chicken pox. Tho L'rusadcrs nro aeith- H cr conBtnnt nor consistent. Knch ngi- B thtlon Is for n new Idcn, with now dls H coverles of shortcomings In the gov- H eminent nnd new remedies. B I speak of thoso things with tho lit- H most respect because I huv been a B victim; and In my youth I sometimes H despaired of tlio Republic nnd imcs- B tloncd tho wisdom of tho men who M projected it. Wo had, back in tho B enrly fifties, tho American or Know- H Nothing party movement, so called H becnuso nnno of those engaged in it B professed to know nnythtng about it. They were franker than most of their H successors In tho reform movement we have had since that time, for these H gentlemen (u-ofess to know all about H everything. H Tho Civil War absorbed tho kt- H tentlon of the citizenship; but even H then wo had men and newspapers in H tho North who thought thnt Lincoln B was "To Slow nnd Unprogresfjlvo" or H "To rash and Impulsive" nnd so much H did they think nllko on tho central B Idea of opposition to Lincoln that they H chslly compromised their differences H on principles to unlto in their Eman- 1 clpntcr before tho wnr tnlk ended. H Then wo had the liberal movement H In 1S72, with opponents of national- H Ism nnd protection supporting Orccly, B tho nrch-opponcnt of t(nto rights nnd H free trnde, with tho assurance thnt H they were the only men In this H country governed by principle B tnther than by prcjudico. Next enmo Hl the areenbackers reenforced by tho B flnt money ndvocntes, who liiBlsted H that tho Federal Government could B coin pnper money ns welt as gold and H silver Mid crcnte wealth by tho flat B law. With them camo tho prohibition- H lsts, who believed that tltcy could re- B gulato mnn's appetite by stntue, nnd B tho Labor party which demanded bpo- 1 clal legislation for a class with tho V wtitchword of no class legislation. H The Jonahs Of Politics A few years Inter wo had tho H Grnngo nnd ttho Farmers' alliance u htch went a step further than the B Green bnckors and Insisted that gov- H eminent deposits should bu guarttut- H eed by nonperlshnble agricultural H' products which must have meant fcrt- B illzcr, ns thnt is tho only nonpcrlsh- H able product of agricultural nn.l tho B'; ' ono Into which all other agricultural BVB products sooner or Inter rcsolvo thm V Then enmo tho Populist Tnrty -I', Hi reform everything; and a little later j tho Kreo Silver l'any, vhlch wns to 1 tho Democratic Party n tho Whale B) was to Jonah until the Lord released B him. Now, wo have the Progressiva B Party, which seems to have almost BBB played whale to a Republican Jonah B for tho tlmo being. These reform B movements hnvo nil been earnest and Bflfll perhaps honest though misguided in ' BH dcmundlng leglslntlvo reforms that ' BH , could not bo realized nnd after each BB effort tho people behind them found ' BB a place In ono or tho other of tho old BBB j BB Tho Inst impulsive movement of . BH this kind Is more ttmbltious nnd in ' B my Judgment is moro mislead than B nil tho others becnuso it docs not stop BB at legislative reform, but goes direct- j B ly to fundamental principles and seek I H S to rewrlto or destroy tho primary law H of the country ns luld down in tho I BBPJ Constitution. In all other efforts tho BBB peoplo hnvo been handlrapped by Ira- BB dltlon or sentiment or veneration mis BBB' stayed tho hands of tho latest cru- V saders of reform, for they would un- BBB hesitatingly rowrlto tho constitution BBB cr do nwny with It ontlrcly us tho BB fundamental law nnd convert this BB government Into a puro democracy, to H, be swnyed liko an old timo camp B. meeting by tho fervor of tho cxhortcr B; rather than by the logic of the or- BB; dalned minister. Hi I have had patience with all former BBB reform campaigns for in my youngor Hl daVB I bad some of the samo impulses Hl and moreover, had any ono of thttou B ! campaigns succeeded tho experiment BBB'.'I could have been undone ns quickly Ha Bk 'X' and ns easily oB It whs done, when tho experiment proved that It was not tho panacea for nil our political Ills. I have Httlo patience with these lat- tcr-day reformers who would upset all tho dovclopementft) of moro thin h century of government by law and return re-turn to the old rulo of tho mob, led by men endowed with superior ability or rather plaslbillty. Had the Progress-Ivo Progress-Ivo movement of last year succeeded In carrying with it a majority of tho pcoplo and had it been lasting enough to have abrogated tho constitution titly country would havo been committed com-mitted to revolution ns completely aa was Franco to thnt which placed that country under the rulo of nn unrestrained unre-strained majority and a reign of terror. terr-or. It would havo required years of sanity to undo that worK oi wrec-er8 wrec-er8 nnd patiently build up again a foundation of fundamental law. To a man who hns passed li century In public llfo In thb most strenuous nnd progressive period or clvlllzntlon who has for forty years had a part In the clash of opposing Ideas, sentiment, and prcjudico in the houso of lleprcsentatlves which Is tho clehr-Ing clehr-Ing house of Amerlcnn policies, there has nover been a moro dangerous) movement in American politics or on moro reactionary than this which has caught tho eyo of many people with tho alluring label of Progressive Party. The Changes of a Generation I have, as a boy, watched tho old weather vano on tho barn box tho compass In nn hour on a gusty April day, and wished I could bo ns free In my movements nnd not controlled by tho hand of necepplty in driving n straight furrow to tho end of tho field. Hut after some years of experience 1 havo no desire to see n government of 91,000,000 pcoplo modeled after tho weather vane, and swing to atl po'nts of tho compass In responso to tno zephyrs of Impulso and tho gusto "f sentiment or whirlwind ot passion; to lynch a man In an hour and bu M a monument to him tho next hour of n hero and !t mnrtyr to rumor aju prejudice. No; tho Constitution may linve been the work of ordinary nnd oven mcli-ecru mcli-ecru men, rattier than of the great genius's they nro pictured by tradition; tradi-tion; but thht work is the foundation upon which lias been built tho greatest great-est superstructure of legislative enactment, en-actment, executive administration and Judical decision that has .ever been known In civilization. I am not willing to seo without protest government govern-ment by dynamite either by mistake eu labor lenders or by other mistaken enthusiasts, who would apply tho dyn-nmlto dyn-nmlto theory and blow up tho foundation founda-tion of a government by tho people. I object to such methods even though th6 wreckers may bo ns wlso ns Solomon, Solo-mon, ns dovoted to tho peoplo as Ilru-Urn Ilru-Urn professed to be or ns pltcurcd In their own prospectuses. I hnvo seen this country developo under thnt constitution so lis to mako th0 United Sates tho marvel of the world and tho model of free government govern-ment everywhere, oven In tho Orient. I am old enough to havo seen the rail roads cross, th0 Alleghany mountains nnd spread llko a spider web over tho wholo continent to carry the products of the west to tho seaboard moro economically for the people than they could bo" exchanged In New England before this aren of steam. I havo seen the reaper nnd mower tho gang plow, and tho whole revolution revo-lution In agriculture by lhbor saving machinery I have seen tho telegraph tele-graph and tho telephone wnen '.hey woro looked upon ns experiments: tho electric railroad and tho electric power plant development; nnd I was ridiculed as n reckless spendthrift legislator when I helped make considerable con-siderable appropriations to aid Prof. Lnngley In his experiments: with th Hying machine I havo seen great discoveries In science and mediclno thht benefited tho wholo peoplo In the yehrs slnco I loft North Carolina with my par-onta par-onta nnd heard my mother cry out, "Goodby, civilization," becnuso wo were emigrating to the West. And I havo Been greater development, not only of enterprise, but also of education, educa-tion, charity nnd benevolence, by tho Peoplo as a whole, through tho agon-cy agon-cy of the ato and also Uy tho of-forts of-forts of the Individual than had developed de-veloped before In hll the yenm from MoBoa to tho time when I -was born. I may be n Httlo old fashioned, n llttlo wedded to tho past, but I like to ride ln nn nutomobllo; nnd when I engage a chauffeur I look to his fimlllarlty with tho machine and holt ho-lt Is made, rather than to his ability to toot n horn and turn on all the power to surprise and scatter the ..oad with his nerve nnd speed. And In government I prefer a. chniOur who can turn n corner without skidding skid-ding against tho curb and wrecking the machine. The auto Is a progressive progres-sive machine nnd a promoter of business busi-ness or funerals It depends on the chauffeur. In n government of the peoplo and uy the people there must of necessity he political parties to express the will of tho peoplo touching national pollclfs. It has been bo from the beginning nnd will bo so to tho end. There have been two great parties, under varying names, since the government gov-ernment was founded, nnd for more tlinn 60 years these parties havo been under tho names Republican and Democratic. The Democratic power Is now In full power nnu uat juii i-sponslblllty i-sponslblllty for legislation. That party represents the will of tho people peo-ple by a constitutional majority, and the change' hhs como without any manifestation of passion or revolutionary revolu-tionary protest. We nil accept President Pres-ident Wilson at our President nnd tho Democratic congress ns our con-gresB con-gresB to make tho laws and administer adminis-ter them. No better evidence could bo presented that tho American peoplo peo-plo hre capablo of self government. No ono wishes tho present administration adminis-tration success more than I do, lor tho success of tho government represents rep-resents tho success of tho people. That Is what we are all striving for; and we shall all wait with potlenco to seo whether ttho Democratic party In carrying out its policies, can give greater prosperity more diversified hmong tho people, greater peace and happiness, than followed the enactment enact-ment of Republican policies. If they can succeed In doing this they- will havo long life and deserve It. There is, however, wise caution In King Ahab's advice to the King of Syria: "Let not him that gtodeth on his harness boast himself as he that put-teth put-teth It off." There havo been two great questions ques-tions on which tho American people hnvo divided, and these two questions naturally created two great political parties. Theso questions were the extension of qlavery Into tho national territory and tho revenue policy Both were fundamental. Other questions ques-tions were secondary. Ono of these questions nhs been settled at great cost, It Is true, but In a way that no one now would have changed. The wholo country has doveloped and prospered under the now freedom of mon that could not havo been under tho old system of slavery. No ono has moro happily expressed the advantages of this chnngo than did president Harrison In his Inaugural address, when ho said: "Mill fires were lighted at the funeral pllo of sjavery. Tho emancipation emanci-pation proclamation was heard In the depths of tho earth ns well as in the Bky; men were made free and material ma-terial things became our better servants." ser-vants." An Era of Swift Expansion My honored friend, tho leader of tho majority ln tho House, Mr. Underwood, Un-derwood, can testify to tho force of this expression. I underhand that tho great Industrial city where he has his home is the best Illustration of mill fires lighted at tho funeral pllo of slhvery that can bo found In tho country; for the iron ore, coal, and limestone which g'vo life to that city had lain for a hundred years under a cotton plantation, and that wealth was not brought to the surface sur-face until tho emancipation proclamation proclam-ation was heard In the depths ot the earth to make thesa factors better servants than had been slavery. While I rejoice in the new development devel-opment and prosperity of the South and also of the East, let mo briefly cnll attention to tho development which came, with a force never be foro witnessed anywhere, by reason of the abolition of sk-rvlle labor, by the granting of homesteads for tho pcoplo on tho national domain and under tho Republican policy of pro tection. We have some peoplo now who fear tho government has been too llboral hnd has wasted Its public pub-lic land; but I can remember when tho government practically could not glvo away lands that nro now worth $200 an acre. Wo havo given nway millions of acres ot tho public lands; hut wo hhve by so doing built up an emplro in Httlo moro than half a century that could not have been developed de-veloped in a thousand years under tho old regln)0, and wo havo made men a better asset than were land. The map of tho United States todhy as compared with tho map In tho geographies when I was a ooy tolls tho story moro graphically, and so do the reports of the census office . When I left North Carolina to find a home In tho West my map of the United States had llttlo but Ohio, Indiana, nnd Illinois as the West, and beyond the Mississippi River wsb marked as tho "Oreat Amerlcnn Dos-ert," Dos-ert," the "Staked Plains," and the "Rocky Mountains" a country of which few men know nnythlng. Tho United States was then practically eai of the Mississippi Rlvor. Thcro were but two states west of tho Mississippi Mis-sissippi River Missouri and Arkansas. Arkan-sas. Our total population was 17,-000,000, 17,-000,000, with loss than 4,000,000 west of the Allegeheny mountains. Uut today wo have 91,000,000 peoplo in tho United States, and 45,000,000 of them are ln thht territory which was then called tho West and the unexplored unex-plored country beyond. Why ln I860 we had but 31,000,000 people in this country, and only 11,-000,000 11,-000,000 west of tho Allegchenles. We encouraged nnd, protected manufacture manu-facture and agriculture; e passed homestead laws; gave public lands to tho people and to hid In the construction con-struction of the Faclflc railroads. This legislation covered tho wholo country nnd gave an Impetus to every ev-ery kind of industrial development; and with tho settlement of tho old question of checking .tho extension of slavery, It made tho East a center of manufacture and the Great American Ameri-can Desert and tho Staked Plains tho granary of tho world. Even tho mountain fastnesses havo been converted con-verted Into gardens, and millions of enterprising peoplo thero are still unable to estimate their wehlth nnd npporturlty. I have no regret for the liberality of the government In giving away public lands, for this liberality brought such results as would not have been recorded In many generations) genera-tions) under the old policy of having the government hoard Its public lands and wait for purchasers. The losses loss-es to the government were relative. Tho railroads and the homestsada were tremendous factors) ln the building build-ing of a nation; and todhy nearly one half of our western people are there, making two-thirds of all tho wealth taken from the soll'nnd two-fifths of all the manufactured products of this country. Yes; tho government has bein liberal nnd liberally has It been rewarded. We were liberal ln our Immigration policy, and millions of men nnd women wo-men from every civilized country under un-der the sun took advantage of thht liberal policy to come here and be-como be-como Amorlcnn citizens. Who enn look over this Amerlcnn commonwealth common-wealth and tell from whence camo the blood of the great body ot the American citizenship? Wo nave developed de-veloped men from those who hero first learned tho meaning ot tho word manhood, and we havo developed Industry, In-dustry, skill, cnteprlso and Intelligence Intelli-gence In keeping with American citi zenship. It Is In this new West that wo havo the lowest percentage of illiteracy to bo found ln the United States. When I am Inclined to grow pessimistic nftcr reading somo of the waitings nnd criticisms of latter-day economists hnd reformers, I tako down tho map ot tho United States and a volume of tho census reports and find there tho realization of tho wildest dreams ot the greatest optimists opti-mists who over lived; and I am satisfied sat-isfied that tho mistakes of tho past were, after all, rnther fortunato mistakes. mis-takes. This marvelous development of tho West, however, demoralized agricultural agricul-tural conditions in tho East and in tho older countries across the sen. It demoralized tho 'western people, too, tor a tlmo, because they could not mensuro their own opportunities with older conditions that provallcd elsewhere. The opening ot the new prhlrI6 lands ot the West made competition com-petition ln the East embarrassing and sent millions ot acres ln Now England, Eng-land, the North Atlantic, the South Atlantic States back to the wild lands and abandoned farms. Tho Houso of Representatives, where the membership Is bhsed on population, tells tho story of our development de-velopment as a nation. In 1840, when I went to the West, the old South had 98 representatives; Now England New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania Pennsyl-vania had 112 and all tho country west ot the Allegheny mountains hnd only 32. Today, In tho same grouping tho old South hns; 109 representatives tho East 124, and tho West 202; nnd nnd thoro nr6 115 members now In the Houso who como from statos that were unknown in 1840. Tho statesmen In the Washington of that day whtl0 talking about "fifty-four-forty or fight," hnd not yet determined deter-mined that tho Oregon country was worth keeping. Notwithstanding tho explorations of Lewie and Clark, In the early part of tho nineteenth century cen-tury thero were men In Congress In 1840 who insisted that tho Ilccky Mountains marked our western boundary boun-dary and that a statuo of mo fabled god Terminus should be planted there to warn our people ngalnst tempting fato by trying to go farther. Oen. Fremont hhd not then sot out on his exploration of the West nnd tho old mlsqlonary, Marcus Whitman had not made that memorable rldo from Walla Walla down across Utah and Colorado through-Missourl In the .Continued on page six) I HON J. J. GANNON ON I ' THE REPUBLICAN PARTY Haaaal - 1 1 H fContnio-' fru-i pn-o ttvo) H winter (o tell llu- wlso men In the Nut H lonnl Capital Hint there wero Amort- H car.K In Oregon "ho had made their m way acroBH the tnmmtnhiH nnd vvtre H I canning lo set up housekeeping for H themselves with n government under H tho American flag, but without recog- H nlllon of tho parent government. I H liavo iven one half of the 48 Bthtes H ndmllted to tho Union and ns a mem- H Tier of tho IIoiihc I. have heiped admit H them H The Westward Course of Empire. , H Thu West In not nll-wlso nnil tho H dcmaRORii'o hav0 hecn as successful BV tin, n ns In tho otdor sections of tho i H tountry. They havo tvrcached new H doctrines Mid aro trying somo expert H mentg that have failed olsowhere. The H peoplo havo been too busy to study B theso nnestlons for tliomsolves; but H thoy III In tlmo and tlien they will H consc to bo gulled by domagogulc H theories as opposed to practical con- H dltfons I havo heard much talk H about progress and tho progressive H ideaii and policies In tho lost row H years; but I havo seen no better ovl- H dcrces of progress than wore manl- H tested by the ploncors who peopled H tho West and croatod an empire great H , cr and richer than was tho whole Nat H (on, which at that tlmo gavo more of H discouragement than of old to their BB progressive efforts H I havo heard In Congress some of H tho men who aided in tint first pro- H grcsslvo movement westward denoun- H ccd as reactionaries. Ihey cannot H protest becauso tlia aro dead; but H that Is tho way of progress In the H hurry to get forward wo fail to noto H the work of the front rank who bmzed H tho trail and opened the w.vy fcr tho H newer I'rogiesslves When I seo men H beat the air and grow hysterical about H progresslvo politics, 1 nui lempted to H call their attention to tho great pic- H ture that fills tho wall space over tho H eHtern stairway of tho Hoikp M"-j H of tho Capitol, which purtras tno B progess of their forbears who went B out and conquered tho West. I have H never been schooled in the arts, but 1 to me that picture is ono of the H most inspiring paintings 1 have ever 1 teen. I havo passed It theso many M years; and I havo novor f i 1 .i i PH look up at thoso heroic men and wo- PPH men who moved westward scaling th B Hooky Mountains which some of tlioso m In Congress marked ns tho boundary H the Almighty bail placed thero to limit PB tlic adventurous spirit of tho Ameri- PPH can and forovsr fix tno western con- PPH fines of the Republic PPH Theso proaJiesHlvo spirits of tho H past did no' make the air vibrate B nlth l.'imeut.ttlouse but wth shouts of K encouragement ns tho stalwart vouth m planted tho Hag on higher cliffs t 1 Inspire with courago the women and ' children who were toiling up tho path B to find a way to the golden I'acltlc H 1 beyond . They did not oven tarry long H ' to bury tho dead, but silently prepar- H ed tho gravo thero In tho mountain PPH fastnesses and with a benediction, K passed on to the now duties nnd now PpH compiests. PPB When tho history of tho West nnd PH, ' the men nnd women who made. It is PH; written, larger space will, I hopo bo PHt given to tho pioneers who tolled nnd PH suffered in silence than to those who PH' have from tlmo to tlmo grown hyster- PH leal over tho growing plains of this PH mighty cniplro that has spreae in my PPH time from tho Mississippi to -tin I' PH Iflo and bentid the Arctic clrclo and PPH nluiost to tho shores of Siberia PpH I havo for forty years heard tho In- PPH mentations of western political pro- PpH gresslvcs becauso naturo gave that PPB fccIIou of surplus of wheat and corn PPPJ which could not bo turned into gold PPH x and silver at once and a surplus of PpB J silver which could not bo turned Into B' rolu of tho realm at the mint on do- (Bl mand. I havo hoard tbo lamentations of the fireonbacker and tho Populist tn days gono by and thoy wero no more doleful than some of tho Pro- B I gresslvcs of to-day. More. than 20 ' Bm j years ago when I offered an amend- H, nient to tho Mills tnrllT bill to placA &V1' sugar on the free list ns v0 did not BBVI (hen need tno revnuo, tho Kanas do- ' V legation to a man complained Hint 1 pBV nas striking at tho great Sunflower pBVf Slate which had begun to raise. Rorg- PVJ hum. Thoy had tho figures to prove &K that with protection to sugar Kanas PMV oull In a fow years produce moro PKVJ, sorghum sugar than would bo neccss- &' ary to swectdu tho teeth of tho civ 111- pKVj zed world. PAV' Tho tariff on augur remained, but pMVf trhat has bocomo ot Kansas sorghum? PBVj, t now sounds llko a oko but Kansas PMVE; was Just as earnest then and just as ' apprchenslvo or tho calamity to that pBVt Stato from freo sugar ns sbo Is now HaV, toperul for tho initiative anil tho re- llfA call. Tho grasshopper blight was no moro perilous to nnsas than wss freo sugar and neither of them moro awful to contemplato than nro reactionary react-ionary policies to-day. Moses, In his rebuko to tho children of Israel Bald tho Lord had found them In the desert des-ert lands and made them to rldo on high places of tho earth and eat of tho fat of the land, with milk and hon ey. "Hut Joshunim waxed fat and kicked" nnd followed nfter strango gods. So It has ever been with tho children of men. So It has been with , part of tho peoplo of theso United ! states. The Amazing Increase of Wealth , In tho last 10 years wo have had , tho most phenomenal prosperity evor , known here or anywhere else; and ', wo have followed the oxamplo of tho children of Israel and kicked until not only have wo almost convinced ourselves that wo are Buffering unusual un-usual hardships, but havo causd tho people of tho Old World to wonder If at last tlto'r predictions are not coming true, and that the Republic Is about to crumble under dlssatls-1 dlssatls-1 faction nnd division. I do not mako ' this assertion about our prosperity on my own observation alone, I take the census figures, and I am told at the census office that our total wealth Is today; estimated at $150,-000,000,000; $150,-000,000,000; It was $88,000,000,000 In 1900; $6.r.,000,000,000 in 1890; and only $16,000,000,000 In 1860. The in-crease in-crease In wealth was not only the greatest In volume but the greatest In percentngo in the last decado that has over been recorded by tho cen- I jus olllco. I This total wealth has not been gathered gath-ered Into ths hands of tho money trust or tho tariff barons, nor hag It been centered in Wall street. It Is Just whero woalth has always been among tho people who go to the soil, tho mine, nnd tho factory and produce we.'ilth. The total vnluo of farm property Increased from ?20,- ' 000,000,000 In 1900 to $41,000,000,000 In 1!U0, nnd to this iliould bo added tho estimates of tlo Agricultural Department De-partment of $9,000,000,000 for Inst year's crop to mako tho rarm wealth i of tho country $30,000,0u0,000 or one- i third of tho total woalth of the coun-try. coun-try. I On- manufactured product was valued val-ued nt $20,000,000,000 In 1910. find this does not includo tho value ot the plants. Our railroads aro worth $20,000,000,000 nntl tho real estate In cities nnd towns Is estimated nt between be-tween $10,000,000,000 nnd $13,000,000.-000. $13,000,000.-000. So without counting mo value, of tho mines nnd the shipping Inter-' ests on the coasts nnd on tho Greht Lakes, I can find no evldenco that tho ' money trust has gobbled up nil our , wealth. The vnluo of farms and farm property not only doubled in tho last 10 yearf. but it has Increased J flvo fold In tho last -10 yehrs for this ! farm wealth was only $S,OCO,000,000 ! In 1S70 nnd It Is now almost as great ns the total wealth of the country j In 1SS0. It may help to rollove the fear from j the money trust to locato this farm wealth. It Is not In Now York or In Now England, or within h thous- , nnd miles of Wnll utreot. Moro than thlrt-two billions, or moro than four-! fifths of It, Is In the West tho coun- tr that has been developed In my time. Let me repeat tho fraction . four-firths of nil our farm wealth Is ' west of tho Allegheny mountains In what was tho old Northwest Territory, Terri-tory, nnd In tho Sttites weot of tho Mississippi Rlvor, where tho peoplo nro still supposed to bo easily frightened fright-ened over the bugbear of a money i trust; but todny tlioso western farmers farm-ers usp high power automobiles on their fnrms nnd linvo snro deposit ' vnults In tho vlllngo banks. And should this money trust mako a raid Into thnt country;, tho peoplo could probnbly escapo with their rehdy cash. Only $8,000,000,000 of this farm wealth Is to bo found in Now England the North Atlantic nnd South Atlantic Atlan-tic 'itates or what wns c&nsldored tho United Stntes when I whs a boy In North Carolina, Now England has 4,000,0b9 ncros less ot Improved farm land than she hnd In 1860; tho Jllddlo Atlantic , stntes 4,000,000 acres less of Improved fnrm lnnd thnn In 18S0; and tho South Atlhntlc states 3,000,000 ncrcs, I less of all farm lands than is I860. This means thnt tho farmers of tho country nro In tho West nnd thnt there has been nn Incrcaso of C00,- 000,000 ncrcs of farms In thnt now empire. It means thht two-thirds of nil tho crop values aro In tho West; thnt 80 per cent of nil tho cereals Is raised In tho West; that 77 per cent of nil tho cattle, SO per cent ot tho (Continued on pago seven) Sallow complexion Is duo to a tor- restores tho rosy bloom of health sB pld Hvcr. Herblno purifies and the cheok. Price 60c. Sold by nit'0 BM strengthens tho liver and bowels and j Bros Drug Co. Advertisement As IrtiAKESflOMJErl OffiSoflAPPY lv I To toveA I BANK I f I BBaBTkiB---. sBYJ BYfl CowUM 1909. kr C. B. Zlmmttmaa C0.--N0. 44 B OF all the unhappy homes, not one in a hundred has a bank account and not one home in a hundred who has a I bank account is unhappy. It seems al- I most foolish to put it off any longer, when I it is such a simple, easy matter to start a I bank account. I OFFICERS: H Capital, $100,000.00. Surplus, $18,000.00. Deposits, 9500,000.00 H President, THOMAS 8MART, Cashier, ALLAN M. FLEMING I Vice Prealdent JAME3 QUAYLE Asst. Cashier H. E. CROCKETT I 2d Vice Prest. JOHN H. ANDERSON H FfcstNationalBank I K LOGAN. UTAH, - I Here is a Chance to Pick Up Some ! I I Of The Best Properties In Cache Valley at I j A Bargain. Read And Believe I I I Finest dairy ranch In tho vol ley located c ne and a halt miles out I I h side Franklin, 1G0 seres a.l excellent Boll, GO acres In pnsturo and I I meadow, 4 acres In orchard and garden, 9G acres In lucern and I ; grain, abundance of Independont water from springs, etc.; 8 room j P j brick resldonco up-to-date largo dairy barn for 30 head ot cows ! T natural fish ponds, well equipped with machinery, etc. All for ! I $12,600, on easy terms. i B Suburban homo, Just the thing for a professional man; 13 acres ! I f dairy and fruit farm on car Jin0 In North Logan; flno modern homo ( I new stock barn and chicken ru n, 4 acres of pasture, 4 acres ot lu- J cern, 4 acres of orchard, 1 aero of garden and small fruits. A ! I !f most delightful location. It must bo sold quick at a sacrlflco. I This dry farm must go 200 acres west ot Smlthflold, most of It t I now In grain, 8 acres In good pasture, 6 In lucern; small houso, ! flowing well nnd spring; ono mllo from station. This land aver- C H ages 40 bushels of grain par acre and will go at $30 per acre on I H . easy terms. Will take resldonco In Logan If well located on part ' H payment. .WW.TOiTO i- I, I I Stewart Real Estate And Loan Co. ! I LOGAN Utah I -- ! ,., 1 I Tfof J 1 UTAH PORTLAND j ! 'CEMENT ; I and Hard Wall Plaster j CALL ! M. & L. COAL COMPANY - j Seed Oats For Sale j . Phone 74 "" " mm a- -mr- -irm f I HON. J. G. CANNON ON I THE REPUBLICAN PARTY M x . H (Continued frcm page six) H hcrses; 77 per cent of the hogs; 86 H per cent of the sheep; C6 per cent, H of the dairy products, and 72 per H cent of the eggs are produced In the 2k west. W This may explain to some people H in tho East why food products are H higher now to them than a lew years H ago: They have to buy from tho H West; and tho West Is not only feed- H ing them but an Increased Industrial H population at home, as well as Bell- H Ing abroad when tho prices are sum- H clent to Invite export. In addition to H thee factors the West has 56 per H cent of all the mineral products of fl the country. It has practically all tho H gold and sliver, 86 per cent of tho fl Iron ore;' 43 per cent of all the coal; fl DS percent of tho petroleum and nat- H ural gas, and 40 per cent of all the H manufactured products. The West fl has the raw material and Is fast do- fl veloplng lt8 manufacturing Industries fl so as- to turn Its own products but IH ready for the consumer. H The Tariff Issue Fundamental H This may expxlaln why tho West H is not as hostile to protection as It H once was. But has not the Lord H blessed these western people as He H did tho children of Israel, malting H them ride on the high places and live H on the fat of the land? And have not H gome of them waxed fat and kicked? H We settled the slavery question, H and since then w0 have had tho rev- H enuo policy as tho great question to m divide our people; it Is h natural and H legitimate Issue. On that question we H have had divisions since the organlz- H atlon of the government, and we shall B continue to dlvldo on It for years to H come. Tho Democratic party still H holds to the old Democratic policy of H a tariff for revenue only, while the H Republican party stands for the old H doctrine of protection to American H production. Wo each have good an- fl cestry for our political hellers touch- H ing thle queselon, but I think the H Democratic policy belongs to tho old fl system of labor that has been nuol sh-fl sh-fl fl The revenues that maintain tho machinery of government rorm tho very llfeblood of tho government and B the revenue policy Is fundamental. B Wo can cross party lines on other fl qustlonB, but here Is where we must fl represent the people on a fundament- B al Issue; and the man who desires to fl take tho tariff out of politics do fl not know what ho Is talking nbout H i mv inilcmrnt. So long aa wo have B these two schools of economic fl thought as to tho policy governing B the raising of revenues, tho tariff will H remain a question of politics and of fl tho highest and best order of poll- H tics at that. fl We who represent tho protection fl policy have been in control for many H years. Since I860 tho Democrats I have had complete control to enact fl laws In harmony wth their policy fl for only tho abort period of two fl years. They then enacted the Wll- fl son-German tariff law. I am not going H Into the history of that act, hut It fl did not meet with the approval of a fl majority of the American people and fl for 16 years we have again been able fl to have this government follow our policy of protection. The country has prospered under that policy. I The Democrats have again come I Into control and have all the mach- lnery to enact a tariff law In harmony I with the policy they have consistently B maintained should bo the proper rev- enue policy of this government. Their fl platform last year was, Just as radl- cal on this question aa It was In 1892 and even more radical than In tho I years before tho Civil War. I do not V believe that policy when carried In-I In-I to effect will bo any more satlsfac-I satlsfac-I tory to tho people than It wbb In 1894; but wo all have maintained that platforms represent the demands of tho people; and, ns Mr. Cleveland iald, should bo accepted as tho de-creo de-creo of tho masters of congress and written Into the statutes. President Cleveland In his Inaugu- ral address on March 4 1893 declarer; declar-er; ed: I The people of tho United States I have decreed that on this day the control of their government In Its I legislative and oxocutlvo branches shall bo given to a political party 1 pledged In tho most posltlvo tormB I to the accomplishment of tariff re-I re-I form. They have thus determined 1 In favor of a more Just and eqult-1 eqult-1 ablo system of federal taxation. The agents they havo chosen to B carry out their purposes arp hound by their promises not less than by tho command of their masters, to 1 aevoto themselves unremittingly to M this service. I And yet President Cleveland refus ed to sign the Wilson-German tariff bill, Indicating by that action that either the congress or the prcsidont forgot or Ignored tho command of their masters. The Rough Road of Reform I havo no doubt President Wilson will remind congress of the samo promise that the Democrats are to carry out the command of their masters, mas-ters, who havo voted for a chango In our revenue policy. I do not believe It will succeed any better than It did In 1894; but I recognize that It would bo craven and disloyal lr they did not mako tho effort and "devoto their best energies to a tariff revision In harmony with their platform a tariff tar-iff for revenup only and set their faces sternly against Incidental protection pro-tection or progressive free trade, or any other compromise betwean tho two systems. Thoy havo declared all protection to bo unconstitutional and tho robbery of tho many for tho benefit of the few. They can not compromise com-promise the constitution nor can they compromise with robbery. I havo no doubt they will try to reach their Ideal In a tariff bill, and I suspect they will find fairly good Democrats In congress who aro perfectly willing to strike down the tariff that protects; pro-tects; some other Industry In some other state, but who will urge delay touching schedules that benefit their own people in tho states and districts they represent. It Is the weakness of human nature fcr men to be more eager to reform tho affairs of others than to reform their own. Wo had that kind of human hu-man nature to deal with, and tin Democrata will have It to deal with. They will oven find the great metropolitan metro-politan press, which has been with them in favor of tariff reform, differentiating differ-entiating as to what tho term means when they come to deal with Its 'product. 'pro-duct. But they will havo to do this, whether their work meets with tho approval of a majority of the people or not, for political parties are mada up of tho best manhood of tho country, coun-try, notwithstanding tho wnlls of tho muckraker, and tho manhood of the Democratic party Is now compelled to go forward with legislation to carry car-ry out tho platform of that party, whether their now legislation spells political defeat or political victory. A constitutional majority of tho peo plo has given the command and the Democrats can not Ignore that command com-mand without being condmened for cowardice and treachery to tho people, peo-ple, which would be worse than condemnation con-demnation for another failure of their policy. They will bo opposed by tho samo forces that havo oppos ed them In the past. Tho opposition will not be measured by tho men who are called Republicans In congress theso may bo few but the opponents will bo the people of the United States who believe In protection tno men on farm and In factory, who will bo the first affected by the policy when written Into law. Thoy aro tho producers and they arae also tho consumers con-sumers of the country. It was one of the Democratic policies poli-cies that brought defeat to their political po-litical opponents, last year. They furnished fur-nished the votes to pass the reclprc- city pact, which received the Indorse-, ment of a Democratic House in tho beginning of the Sixty-second congress. con-gress. That act, carrying Into law tho recommendations of a Republic nn president, raised up more opposition opposi-tion to blm than any other act of hla administration; In fact,- the good acts of bis administration were not all equal In tho balance to tho weight i of that onejict with a very large part j of the American people. A majority , of tho Republicans In congress voted I against that bill, though It came from a Republican president; hut it received receiv-ed a hyb-Id majority both In tho House nnd In tho Senate that placed j It on tho statute books and some men said tho tariff had been tanen out of politics. Tho opposito wns truo. I That act raised up opposition to tho president in his own party and all explorations could not satisfy the peoplo. Wo had thoro a demonstration of tho fact that the tariff Is m politics, whether men In public life choose to discuss it or not. The president's friends tried to ignore the reciprocity reciproc-ity pact tried to forget that there had been such recommendation and legislation; and so did tho nowspap-ers nowspap-ers after they had secured tree print j papor; but tho people would not toi set. I This question must be settled ac ! cording to one policy or the othsr. I Tho Democrats have declared In fa-vor fa-vor of h tariff for revenue only and I they will break with their own poo plo If they aro not true to tfcolr pro fe3slon of faith. On the other hai they will drive back to their old mo k lugs all protectionists who were n I satisfied with tho present tariff 'u If they do carry out tug pledge cf their platform. I do not see how they aro to cscapo tho embarrassment of tho old preacher out on the Wabash, who shld: You shall and you shan't; You will and you won't; You'll bo damned If you do And bo damned If you don't. I havo seen a number of efforts mado at tariff revision as well as a number of tariff bills enacted by congress. con-gress. Tho Democratic party trl:d to revise tho tariff In the Korty-elght'i Congress, when William R. Morrison as chairman of the committee c n ways and means, reported his famous horizontal reduction bill. Some of the best protection speeches I havo ever heard In the Houso were mndo by Democrats In opposition to thnt bill. A House Divided Against Itself When tho bill came up for final vote on May 6, 1881, It wns Georgo L. Converse, an Ohio Democrat wio moved to strlko out the enacting clause. That motion wns carried In Committee of tho Whole In a House that had a Democratic majority of 74. Tho Democratic opponents of that bill were not satisfied without a record, and when the bill was reported re-ported from tho committee of tho wholo to the house, with tho recommendation recom-mendation that the enacting clause bo stricken out, Mr. Converse demanded de-manded a roll rail; and on that roi. call 40 Democrats voted wltn the Co publicans, against tho bill reported from a Democratic committee on ways ana means. Among those Democrats who voted against the Morrison bill were Samuel Sam-uel J. Randall, who had been tho Democratic speaker; Andrew G. Cur-tin, Cur-tin, an old Democratic war governor of Pennsylvania; and William Mc-Adoo Mc-Adoo of New Jersey. William R. Morrison the first great tariff revisionist revi-sionist since tho Civil War was, beaten beat-en In tho Houso of his friends; nnd his bill only provided for 10 per cent and 20 per cent reductions on tho various schedules. I saw tho Democratic party in control con-trol of the Houso when It passed tho Mills bill, nnd thcro was strenuous opposition by Democrats as well as Republicans to that measure. I saw Samuel J. Randall punished tor his opposition when Morrison reported from the commltteo on rules a now rulo taking from tho commltteo on appropriations the control of many appropriation bills and giving them to other committees. Thnt was done to minimize tho Influence of Randall who was chairman of tho committee on appropriations. I was In the Houso when it passed the Wilson tariff bill and I heard the present speaker denounce thoso Democrats Dem-ocrats who opposed tho bill as traitors trait-ors to tho peoplo. I also heard Democrats Demo-crats In tho Houso declare they would never accept the Senato bill; nnd after many protestations they suddenly grow tired of their opposi tion and adopted a rulo by which tho Houso had to voto on tho whole list of Senato amendments without division. divi-sion. So I am Impressed with tho possibility that they may havo trouble trou-ble In enacting a tariff Ihw In bar-mony bar-mony with their platform, and that they will have troublo If they do succeed. suc-ceed. Irresponsible promise and responsible re-sponsible performance havo different effects. I Wo do not need any new system of Initiative referendum, and recall. The system that Is as old as the government govern-ment Is entirely effective. The election elec-tion of a Democratic president and a Democratic congress last fall was the Initiative for a tariff for revenue only, and the people have tho power to reverse the legislative engine two and four years from now. They nre the only power to recall the command given last November; ana, although 't may bo discouraging to tho Demo crntlc efforts to realize that they may bo recalled, It Is one of tho fntes of thoso who represent the peoplo In our form of government. Wo havo had much discussion about tho high cost of living nnd hn Democrats havo lni tho responshll-Ity responshll-Ity on tho tnrlff. T oy ho now to demonstrate just how much and In what way tho tariff affects tho cost of living especially when more than one-half of our people live In sections of tho country which p reduce less than one-fourth of tho food products. The Middleman's Toll After all, It Is an old saying that It costs moro to market a product than to produce It. Wo have developed de-veloped an extravagant If not a luxurious lux-urious method of marketing our products, pro-ducts, of both tho farm and the factory. fac-tory. A"a ultimate consumer up In Winnipeg last fall bought a barrel of fipples;, nnd found a note In tho barrel from the apple grower In Ontario, On-tario, which read; "I got 70 conta for this Jiarrol of apples. What did you pay for It!" Mind you, thst was not In this country, but In Canada a country main- consumers havo des r-ed r-ed to reclprc cato with In trado. Well, the Winnipeg consumer, had paid ?ri.2." for tho app'es. He wns anxious an-xious to know where the ?4.Gb It. creaso went, nnd ho found fat tin barrel had cost 30 cents nnd the freight 70 cents. Still thcro wnB left $3,155 to pay for the cost of marketing market-ing the f ''tilt . It Is tho samo over hero with a suit of clotheB. Tho tttrlff boird gave uo an cxnm-plo cxnm-plo In Its report. That board found that In a suit of clothes selling for $23 and upward tho woolgrower received re-ceived $2 32 for the wool; tho woolen wool-en manufacturer received 9-4.78 for the cloth, and the cost or all the ma terial that entered Into the making of the Milt, except the labor wns $7.C5. The roBt of making tho suit was $3.74 nnd tho entlro factory cost of the clothes wns $12.41. This wns tho factory price, but tho consumer had to pay nnywhero from $23 to $30 for that suit of clothes. It tho suit sold for $23 the profit between the factory nnd tho consumer amounted to $10. C9; If It sold for $25 It cost moro to get thnt suit from tho factory fac-tory to the consumer than It did from tho back of tho sheep through tho factory. Mr. D V. Yoakum has estimated that In tho year 1911 tho fnrmers received re-ceived $6,000,000,000 for their iirod-nets, iirod-nets, and that the consumer paid $13,000,600,000 for those same products. prod-ucts. The railroads received VJ.V 000,000 for transportation, so thnt the cost of production nnd trnnsportntton combined was less than one-half the price paid by the ultlmato consumer. Moro than $0,500,000,000 went to pay the expenses and tho profitH of tho men who sold these products to the consumer. Tho tariff had nothing to do with It. This Is ono of the problems prob-lems tho Democrats havo to deal with, and they will only embarrass themselves by continuing to hold tho tariff responsible for nil tho trouble of tho ultlmato consumer. When tho Democrats havo fulfilled their promise for revenuo reform they will find how numerous nre their critics, cri-tics, and that criticism nnd opposition will crystallze Just ns they havo In times past under tho snmo old organization organ-ization nnd tho samo old principles .that have dominated tho Republican pnrty sinco Us organization. A good many gentlemen have been agitating about the future, but I havo no fear as to tho future of tho Republican party. It will not bo reorganized In Des Moines or In New York or Chicago, Chi-cago, or Knnsasi City, or by any grou' of men who aro willing to undertake the direction of Its affairs. Tho Republican party does not need reorganization. It Is ns much In evidence now qh It was In 1892 when It wont to defeat. It has been temporarily divided between personal person-al ambitions, but personal ambitions havo nover mado tho party and they will be of llttlo effect when the Democrats Dem-ocrats havo enacted legislation In harmony with their policy. Tho Republican Re-publican party will bo In tho field then and tho millions of Republicans will select their lenders Just ns they hnvo nlwnVB done In, tho past. In a government of tho people the lend- era como from tho ranks and aro not designated cither by Divine power cr by self constituted authority. Do not mako tho mlstnke of thinking the raiment of Lincoln has been parceled out by any board of executors who may think they have been appointed to settle the estate of the Republican Republi-can pnrty. Somo of my former associates In tho Republican party, who have come to tho conclusion they are the John the Baptists for a political regeneration, regenera-tion, are anxious to reorganize the Republican party. They claim the old party has strayed after false gods and that they are the only tru-followers tru-followers of Lincoln. I have hear! this claim presented by others in the past who made no pretensions of relationship re-lationship even tho remotest to tho Republican party. For Instance, tSe senior Senator from South Carolina who would resent the suggestion that ho Is anything but an old fashioned Democrat traveled over my state several sev-eral years ago campaigning for Wll-lurn Wll-lurn J. Pryan, and cnrrled with him 11 lu'-e of Lincoln's speech f-om which he quoted to show that Bryan wns n better follower of Lincoln tlinn wns Theodore RooBevelt. Judas r 8aul of Tarsus The Republican party may need somo reformation not reorganization but that work will not bo left to any self constituted leadership. It Is said that Judhs claimed to be ono of the earliest disciples of tho Master nnd that 8aul of Tarsus was not converted until ho was blinded by a great light. Docs anyone now present tho whole history of Judas and his 30 pieces of reform silver as an evidence that he did more than Paul to establish the Christian religion? The Republican party Is today constituted Just as It was before the election of the millions mil-lions of men who believe in protection protec-tion to American production; and the Democratic party In congress Is going go-ing to sound the note which will phow that the Republican party does not need nny other organization than the note of nlarm that will como from tho Houso early this summer. Both polltlcnl parties havo . id grent leaders, and these leaders havo grown up In tho service. v,iCy navo not bsen selected by nny small body of men to bo clothed with tho people's peo-ple's approval. Wo had ono sad Illustration Illus-tration of Jho failure of that Rind of leadership when a few public spirited spirit-ed men, who had opportunity to mnke themselves beard, selected an old tlmo Republican to lead tho liberal hosts nnd tho Democratic phalanx to the White House. It wns ono of tho snddest tragedies In our polltlcal'lila-tory. polltlcal'lila-tory. Thoro wcro brilliant and ablo men. In tho movement of 1872 and they controlled tho greatest organs of publicity In tho country. Thoy were ablo to mhko a great noise; but when tho ballots wcro counted It wns tho silent deep and not tho sha'lows that spoko. Grant wns re-elected with tho most overwhelming majority ever given up to thnt tlmo to n president and Horace Oreoloy died of a broken heart a few days nftcr the elect on But for tho tragedy which followivl thnt effort of Carl Schurz, Munu Hnlstend, Horaco White, Whltolnw Rold, end Henry Wntterson wou' ' havo been ono of tho greatest Jokes of American politics. As It wns It showed how a few men In control of tho organs of publicity can fool a great political party by adopting tho samo methods thoso do who son breakfast food and patent medicines by advertising their wares. w |