Show F mounting M ou battle tempo calls for more material 81 9 problem Is to route manpower into critical work labor needs vary throughout diff different erect areas by analyst and commentator service union trust building washington D B 0 with the amerl american can war effort on the homo home front why all this excitement over a new draft drafton of manpower byrnes say bay that our oura war production almost e equalled equal i led the be production of the entire world these questions are being asked in many many minds j I 1 have asked them of the men whose ob it is IB to get things done in washington and I 1 want cant to try to put their answers before bufore you let me quote one sentence spoken by y war byrnes himself critical production no longer bec feeds da pipelines pipe lines or goes into strategic reserve sIt Is going right into battle it we compare critical production ti on with fighting units perhaps the recent german counteroffensive counter offensive will help us see the picture yon von drive a started men and tanks and guns and truc trucks ka critical production ln in other ether words all had to be poura poured into actual battle the result was that there were just not enough of them thein in the right place atthe ata the right if time in e and our line crumbled there were no immediate reserves tto to throw jn in and bolster them the defense later laier on when the veterans from the third army and the first army and the british troops troop s arrived them tlde was turned they represented thie the reserves of critical atlon alon which should have been therel there all the time for many mont montha lWon on that particular liar front only themen the men inthe in the fronts front lines were needed there were enough men there thera to tiki take care of t the he normal nomal enemy opposing them em it masi a minimum force without enough reserve tp to take care of maximum need heed and and they were thrown back j that to la the situation in war pro today certain critical sup aplies air airplanes tanks other aehl i cles and their accessories certain ertain type typeset ordnance certain types of 1 am are being used so BO fast fait in battle that if an extra str strain ian developed at A certain point there would not be any reserve to call upon upon f changing conditions after pann planning i ng i why are these things lacking why ya we pile win them up tip as aa we do a other things until w we had enough PO tako bare 6 are of bf on en enio emergency efly because e their greatest need developed vel after we started our war i pO programs grams reserves Reser vea for the futures I 1 can n only be based on present wor anfor kr matlon pr estimates based on grevl ous A s k knowledge now ledge or 0 r lucky au guessing easing when shewa the war r began noa nobody dy not even the japs who used amphibious warfare in thi early stages to the best advant advantage aie had any idea af the type and number of lauding flauding craft to say nothing of the technique ot of operating them chich are used in the late latest st allied ns the contrast between tho the japanese lending landing in lingayen bay and tho the american A landing three years later in the same place Is astounding byrnes used as 0 examples xa amplis ot of other ables inventions a and improvements over old mode models is jot jet planes new now types of radar and the like today To dan 65 55 per cent olour of our war production does not need to rise somo of it is properly declining but there are other parts of the program which are arc logging lagging that should mount because they are crIt critical lial production of course courie some plants making such goods are temporarily closed while re tooling for new models others are under construction but bui many anany plants lack inck nothing except manpower hoe ford for example making certain types of planes ianes and tanks and ships tires ground to pieces by bashell shell i splinters in the mud of luxembourg 1 m and belgium tanks anre roll ing from new guinea to the philippines i to the and bigger and better ones one are demanded there is a constant need borall tor all kinds of 0 am but there is critical need nee d for certain types of ammunition both heavy and light and so we corne come to the main acm lcm i which is really the only lem today rhan manpower power we behave have the raw material and will have the manufacturing facilities in time undersecretary of war patterson told the house military affairs committee that in the first six months of 1045 men would be needed for war production and industry necessary war effort I 1 have tallied talked with the war manpower commission experts and they break down those figures something like this one hundred and fifty thousand men needed immediately for critical war production one hundred and efty acty thousand more for other war production to take care of the normal turnover turn i over expected replacements etc the remaining must be retained in civilian production and se services I 1 which hava have to be continue dIn order to maintain the total war effort the situation Is summed up in general terms this thi sway way the manpower mobilization problem Is not as large as it was in 1042 1942 and 1043 1943 but it Is more acute in certain lines two things contribute to mak ing it more acute one is the fact that we haven tt the pool of either civilian civill an production product iod or the unemployed from which to draw as we had at the start second secona because becaas e the needs are critical crl battle needs they must b be a sat satisfied lifted immediately media iely or the actual front line activities may be immediately affected fec ted On one ething thing which must be considered is the geographical shift af f the american labor force a point which affects the general situation tor for it involves moving a worker from place to place and in theares the pres eat need although the ves wes coast where labor Is concentrated la Is still the ilie most ariti critical cal area the building of new fac factories tories to meet new needs eeds n and the change cliance in the type of needs need from one established factory in one place 0 to o one in another place involves the question of suasion or forgeon force on the worker for instance there Is a great need in in utah and nd wyoming tor for work ors era in coal mines the scattered foundry sections from michigan and ohio through i pennsylvania and new york to few joew england are critical areas even p plane an production doduc concentrated in the th west st has lia a Us its problems for although some airplane I fator factories fee on the pacific coast have closed close d down clown many of the new factories f tor r the alrig fortresses and nd other new mode models 3 are in inarea areas other than the west coast we have the iha man and woman power anthe then nation atlon of the need it is a question of getting the right manin man in the right place Oyer optimism causes letdown I 1 i there are sever several reasons the th right man and woman to Is not tn in the right place now one is due to an cibor error in judgment which may or may not be blameworthy ger banys comeback come back power for which vIll clil I 1 attempted to set forth certain reasons in two preceding columns s was underestimated i dmn this T caused n li in certain ty types pes of weapons superabundance Aoth i in others qs the latter put men out 0 o of work and could them to seek non war lobs gehad wa had counted on a noro more mobile typo type of warfare we did not think we wa needed the heavy artillery to blast GerBi germany any out of powerful defenses we counted too heavily on enemy vulnerability to the bombing of german cities that was both a psychological anestra and error underestimating the leng length of thit the european war also had a baipsy bad psychological cholod ch ical effect it caused many workers to quit war work tor for what they thought would be moro more permanent employment it caused great pressure on washington WashIng fon tobe to begin as war Mo biltzer byrnes admits was wrong lie he said 11 we could not do two things at once could not pursue an in all out war production product ibn effort while simultaneously releasing materials facilities and manpower for civilian production the man anahis and his job were separated too by the improvement 0 01 models and creation of new equipment no one can be blamed tor for this dul but frequently as I 1 have shown it tended to place the job i and the man miles apart |