Show 40 jh taj AL M aplean A t A L awat 4 tt 4 find MS n bifocal lenses wl in antion lie WAGNA V wv V ra ik 1 ak 8 E M M Q 11 xa 44 1 4 4 7 artoon a 1 1 M N I 1 IL by ELMO SCOTT WATSON FRANKLIN who e birthday anve colo brate on january 17 has been called maby things V T at by the many men who Kono rardin riAd CroS sirl sctt have written of him one blo biographer grapher has called him the first civilized american and another the apostle of modern tim times e 3 lie has haa heen ed as the most versatile american end and the phrase the tha man many sided franklin Fiand ln has become a commonplace recently there has appeared n new of franklin tile the title of which Is in at once an apt characterization and a trill tribute ute it la Is called the amazing benjamin franklin the book itself Is unique pub fished under tile the auspices of the philadelphia chapter of the sons of the american by the frederick frederich A stokes co of now new york it Is especially ily designed and printed bythe hy the franklin frankl I 1 n printing com company patty founded by fr franklin himself in 1728 unlike all other franklin biographies it la Is not the story of this great american as told and interpreted by one man 1 hut ut it Is composed of the accounts lits of tile the many rotes roles played by franklin as aa told by many men no less than forty in number each eminent in his field and speaking as the representative of tome important organization these accounts complied compiled and edited by J henry smythe Sroy the jr of new york founder nationally of the celebration of franklin day and an auth authority brity on franklin lend lead off with a special nies mes tage by president hoover who says saia benjamin franklins services to his country county were vere not alone in the great foundations of the republic but in his original mind and his bis homely vals wisdom dam which have stimulated and fertilized the thought of every succeeding generation in our country then under three separate classifications cat ions franklin the tha public men man franklin the printer and franklin the versatile the outstanding men of today pay their tributes to the genius of poor richard charles Cli arlea 11 11 former secretary of state calls him the greatest tit diplomat pie of all time alexander aill lerand ex president of france tells how he cemented the friendship of fiance France and america sir esme usme howard DO british tish at washington tells of franklin the stan man of Chari Peter harry S new former postmaster 9 general ell calls him blin the fattier father ot of tile the un united it states postal service curtis D wllbur wilbur secretary of at the navy tells of his connection with that branch of the service and maj binl gen hugh L scott tells some known facts about franklin the soldier andrew W bl ellon tary of the treasury gives ghea him ira the title of the father of thrift in america william M jardine Jard lne secretary of agriculture tells of his contri contribution contribute but on to barrt farming aing james J davis secretary of labor discusses franklin as aa the laboring labeling man and the business man and william green president of tile the american federation rat lon of labor declares that he Is labors patron saint now these are only a part of the tributes to him as aa a public man by men franklin was a printer but te he wa more than a printer when n lt it comes to his connection with the th 43 art preservative of all arts so A E englick president of the international association of printing house craftsmen pays tribute to him as a craft craftsman alfred stephen bryan of at tile the international advertising tion discusses hla his contribution to that modern modem miracle Jn sephus Dun daniels fels fo former riner secret secretary afy of tile the enry but before and after that career an editor halls Fran franklin kilis as aa the first great american editor Cn charles arles 11 syles sykes one of the leading cartoonists of the country tills us that Pr anklin was waa americ americas a s fint brut cartoonist 1 and charles n D grand gent of the simplified spelling board informs us that he was the first american spelling reformer hamlin garland of the american academy of arts and letters tells of Pr franklin anklin us as flU luthor thor cornelia S adair president of the national education association bestows bestons upon him the title of prop prophet hei of american education and ass asa don DOLI Dich ingon librarian at the university of 1 pennsylvania enn sylvania vails calls him the Fri friend enji and founder of libraries all of which would seem to be enough to indicate that never before or since the days of poor richard chard Hl has there been a man of such w wide ide and varied interests but in reality this Is only the beginning for there la isi yet franklin the versatile to consider beginning with Ml chafel I 1 who tells of franklin as the th Q natural philosopher leading nu authorities thorl in various fields reveal him as an a scientist meteorologist the inventor r 0 of I 1 bifocal lenses an economist an athlete a mason a friend of the negro and a ore fire insurance pioneer and t to 0 his titles title may be added these patron patro 1 saint of the music industries father fal of daylight saving and americas first great humorist no wonder there could be no other title for such a book than the amazing benjamin franklin I 1 interesting as are all the tributes in the book viere liere ts Is one chapter in it which better then than tiny any other leavas with the they reader eader the feeling that there never before was and probably never again can be such a man as benjamin franklin with the text from th the 0 iliad of strange that ulysses does a 11 thousand things so well Pran franklins klins outstanding achievements are listed 11 arted one by one and the effect of t this his simple concise record la Is till all but overwhelming wh elming somewhat abridged it reads readi ns as follows 1 franklin discovered that lightning in electricity and proved it first by observation and logic ionic and second by actual test with hla his kite 2 it he invented the lightning ro rod d which dr charles steinmetz said bald Is still the best beat iland most reliable oro lection we have against 3 lie ile was w the first to discover that a current canent of 0 elec electricity t rocity has a magnetic effect L 1 a that it can magnetize a piece of steel this in s the fundamental principle on which the telegraphs telegraph the telephone tel ephon and the electric motor arm are based 4 aie he grave gave the world the best theory of electricity modern science has haa finally adopted hla his early conclusions these were that electric electricity con alses ate ot of very minute particles 2 so small that they can pass pans between the atoms of ordinary matter they are pl fiew failed balled e electrons it Is by means of these that t we send wireless tele krade and telephone messages and are able to broadcast concerts and speeches so BO satisfactorily I 1 5 ile he was wa the first man to discharge an explosive located at a distance b by gy an electric current sent over a wire 6 he invented the franklin stove the first successful wood burning toy used in this athla country 7 ile ha invented tile the invaluable contrivance tr by which a fire costumes con its it own sr nake and made the first smoke consuming stove or furnace H t lie he delivered df mankind from born the nuisance inu lannes once universal of smoky chimneys ilia hla pamphlet cause and of smoky chimneys revealed the correct principles of chimney construction st and rid the world of at amply chimneys chimney and fireplaces 9 tie caused philadelphia to be raved he invented a better type of street lamp for lighting the city and he the first street cleaning wore alore than this ho he reorganized the antiuk ted city watch and caused the city to be efficiently policed and he established the first fire engine company to protect the city from ore fire ile ha established there the first academy the first library and the first hospital 10 ift helped e establish the first chartered fire insurance company I 1 in n america 11 II he invented a copying press for taking copies of letters or other writ ln I 1 13 H invited ted double spectacles ali II 11 picture court courcy fred Fre Jarich ack A stokes co near and fari tight glasses making a 11 calr aar for life own use 13 lie ile la Is credited with the invention 0 il f a laundry mankle mangle in his diary washington records seeing a demonstration of this machine 14 lie ile invented the harmonica or as an he called it which was aoa a musical instrument consisting of graduated glass bowls pierced by a spindle and revolved by a foot treadle the music was wan produced bl bj holding ones nes tingo finger against the moistened g glass baso 15 16 ire he was wall one of the first american sons writers ile he wrote among other songs bones a sailor song sone the mother country my bly plain country joan and fair fair venus calls ire was a leader in the musical world of hla his time wrote on musical harmony har and played on several musical instruments Ina tru including the harp guitar violin a and d the Harmonic tL or g gla which ch he invented is 16 among his hie many inventions should be included Include da a three wheel clock a library chair that could be converted into a stepladder on an artificial arm for taking books down from high shelves in a library a one arm chair that could be used like fi a desk or table tor for writing the pulse glass and an electric el atric jack for turning a roast of M meat at over the fire it was his fl flad ed policy to give his inventions Invent lona to the world and not to secure patents on them or to make anaka any profit out of them 17 AT although hough not the discoverer he h wan waa the first to demonstrate the production of cold by evaporation m fact fac 11 up P to that time unknown to science 18 when ahr there 0 were no bathtubs in american homes ham a and the general custom was wan to bathe but seldom he was an advocate of frequent bathing and took a hot bath ba it twice a week tie ile also advocated and practiced air b bath th ing 19 ITO he was the originator of the modern mad science of the art of ventilation he was the first to discover the poisonous quality which repeated re respirations pira impart to the air in A room its ire was th the first to geall call attention to the folly of excluding fresh air from hos boo and sick alck rooms when all t the world slept with bedroom windows window a tightly shut he was the only effective preacher pre arher of the gospel of pure air and ventilation 20 lie ile made mada tests test of various colored cloths claths on n snow which showed that blick and dark colors attract the heat beat of the sun hun and that white does not attract the heat ire he m mide ade recommend regarding white clothes tor for the tropics and white cloth helmets for the troops in india which were wera adopted many years later by the british 21 ile ho pointed out the advantage later adopted universally of n r ships with watertight water tight compartments ta taking the hint from the chinese 22 ile he was the first to discover that the temperature of the gulf stream Is higher than that of the surrounding R water and the first farat to have the 1 bulf I ulf stream charted 23 lie he was the first to demon demonstrate atrat that oil aal on the water will still th wave 24 ile he was the first to discover that northwest storms come coma out atit of the southwest in other words that storms form travel rael in an opposite direction to the th winds 28 25 his investigations lations concerning the th weather resulted in the establishment t of our united states weather bure bureau of which tie lie to Is today acknowledged tu to 0 be the father 26 ile he wan perhaps the best beat swimmer in the american colonies col onles taught swimming find and his swimming tests feats when he went to england were er the talk of that nation at with lord despencer he be revised the prayer book of the church of eng land this wa was not adopted in eng land but was later adopted in part parit in america III his purpose was to theology which he be thought divided and distracted mankind to no purpose and to restore religion which he believed tended to exalt refine unite assure an and alia the anxious sons of men iron 28 23 he conceived and organized ro me junto the forerunner of all ail rj notary Kiwa ids lions and civit an clubs of today the junto developed into the amerlean american philosophical society amer acas first organization of scientists in which he took arient interest and pride and of which Is he la 12 justly acknowledged to be the founder flunder 23 29 he conceived the idea and dished in philadelphia the first successful circulating library the mother of all our tree free circulating libraries of today 10 30 ire he founded the th university of pe pennsylvania an sylvania 31 1 lie II 11 originated the th elective by ten m of f colle college g tullia and also alao th the so c called kro group u P my efteni adopts adopt oil later late by many of americas leading ending universities it ca lie ile was wan the first firm writer on education to rt recommend command the teaching 0 modern languages lan singe such buch as french and german in preference to the a exclusive study a of f latin and greek ile II 11 was wan the first american eau educator cator to appreciate the importance of advanced teaching of history political economy and the science of government also of 0 technical training in agriculture and in the ilia arts and sciences Bd lie ll 11 was likewise the th first to prescribe athletics as an adjunct to college education sa 2 franklin and not thomas jefferson should be credited ord ltd with having started the study of vertebrate paleontology in for he wrote a letter to in george croghan discussing the so ocal called led delepho elephants tits tusks and er that had been found near the ohio river riv ar fifty eight years later cubler ler gave tho the name of mastodon to the animal whose bones had attracted int interest areat and study 33 ile ha int introduced ro d the f following allowing useful plants or grains into america scotch kale kal th the kohl kohlrabi chinese rhubarb and swiss swim barley ile he promoted sk silk culture in pennsylvania ile H introduced trod the yellow willow into amer lea for basket making 11 II taught the farmers of pennsylvania Penna yvan ia to plaster their land lie ile introduced broom corr corn into pennsylvania from virginia lie he was probably the first american to direct attention in a published writing to the value of a education ti in agricultural science and probably the first also to surges the insurance of 0 roam against storms plant diseases and insect pests 34 ue ile was the first american economist ile he was the first president of the society tor for political inquiries of phi philadelphia the society in the united states interested in promoting tho the study of pol political economy 8 85 s he started the first thrift campaign ilia maxima of poor Iti hard did more to encourage thrift and industry in the colonies than any at other er one thing and they were circulated till all ver over the world they havo have been b ee more mora often translated tran translated and printed than any other work of 1 an I american author 39 0 1 he aw was the first to propose daylight saving ST 37 ire ile devised n reformed alphabet which wits was based baited on simplified or phonetic net a spelling 38 lie devised the first ferit schema tor for uniting the colonies more than 20 years before the nevot revolution ution and his plan of confederation was finally adopted in all its essential features and binds our union together today it if this plan had bad been carried out when Vr franklin anklin proposed it he h believed it would have prevented the TI revolution e lution and would have secured our 1 ence |