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Show I Eatest liisa Hews i j : ''. n.sTKK. I . " ' David .lnii:: Johnston, an employe J ' i ' Of til' Belfast and County Down rail- ;' v. ;iy, and suit ion master at Ballyierow- j ; ' , ; n:i. was among- the recent recipients I ' T certificates fur gallantry in saving- I t . ' ' !"-. ju-fsentel by the Order of St. I j ' John. i ' i David Met J on teal of Kedeliffe. I ! ' S!randiovn.' Belfast, solicitor, left j ; 3'ciMti.al estate valued at 6,645. He j ') - ' ; 1 ft the whole of his estate absolutely i ' to his widow, Mrs. Alary McGonigal. I ; ' Married. July 25,. at Holy Cross. I , .rdoyn. Belfast (with nuptial mass ! ; I' mid Papal Messing), by Rev. Christo- i : i',fv Heron (brother of the bride- 'I ' ' . jrroom . assisted by Rev. Father Tst- ; !oie, C. P., Charles H. Heron, son of I j J."mes Heron. Dublin, to Alice, daugh- I ; ter of William Hyland. Belfast, i " The drain occurred recently of Mr. ; Hubert Torrens O'Neill pf London. . ; J (eceased represented Mid-Antrim in parliament from ISSu until the gen- eral election, when he retired in favor of hi? nephew, the present member, !' Captain Arthur O'Neill. I ' ' MUXSTEK. 1 The interesting ceremony of bless- 1 iuK the corner stone of the new parish par-ish church of Ituan by the Bishop of Killalop took place on July 24 in the 5 presence of an immense attendance of I ... people .f p.uan and surrounding- par- 1 ! . ishes. Michael Sullivan of Bantry. aged 75 j j year?:, died suddenly in a confessional 1 i in the Catholic church in Bantry on I j July 23, when making his confession. I JHn Vl-'Pary. the great pedestrian, ii -was a recent visitor to his native town. Clanakilty. after an absence of thirty- j , two years. j , ! At the Catholic church, Kilrush. on j , July 26. a pretty marriage ceremony 1j -was performed by Rev. Father Carey, j f . the contracting parties being J Martin Cusack. Dysart. and Miss Mag- ' gie O'Mahony. Henry street. Kilrush. I.EIXSTEK. 1 ' ' ' The sub-sheriff of the county, with six bailiffs, and accompanied by a j .. force of 100 police, on July 27. pro- I -; ceeded "to execute five decrees for j possession on the Newman estate. I ' Aglisli. In two cases, owing to illness I ' , in the tenants' house, the decrees i could not be excuted. A third ten- ' ant made a settlement by paying one I ,. year's rent and agreeing to pay an- other, and in the remaining cases the I decrees were enforced, when Mrs. ' Catherine Walsh and two children I were evicted. There was very little J . ' disturbance, although a large crowd I , - ' was present. I An inquiry was held in the town j hall. Carlow.-on July 28. for the pur- jiose of inquiring into the proposed I scheme for accommodating the work- I '. ing classes in the town with suitable I ' houses for the carrying out of which Hie Carlow urban council has applied to the local government board for their sanction to a loan of 3,000. The death took place recently. at ' Ferhane of Mr. J. H. Flynn. the local clerk of petty sessions. Rev. Father Ellas. O. D. C. for many years a missionary in the Madras Ma-dras Vicariate in India, has returned tn his old post at St. Teresa's church. Clarendon street. Dublin. COXXAl'GHT. Married. July 12, at Berkeley Roud chu rch. Dublin, by the Rev. Father Vincent. O. D. C. assisted by the Rev. Father Hrennan.. adminis-' adminis-' , irator. Roughrea, Michael Sweeney of ' Roughrea. to Margaret Mary (Dollie) Killecn. Lough rea. I An inquiry was held on July 26 to consider the loans, which is applied for by the urban council to erect la-1 la-1 borers' cottages. The sum applied for amounts to about 1 1.000, and the houses will be in different parts of I ' , the town. ; Married. July 20. at St. Malachy's I'-' church. I'fast. by Rev. Father Mc- Cashin. P. P., assisted by Father Boy-Ian. Boy-Ian. C. . James Campbell, 100 Stick well street. Glasgow, to Margie, second daughter of Patrick Melanieff. 'ornastable, Manorhamilton. The Lei trim county council at a T meeting on July 26 approved of the loan Tor the new bridge to connect iCootehall with Carrick-on-Shanrion at Hatley. The congested district board has granted 500 for it. ORIGIN OF COAL. The substance of coal is all derived . k from vegetables which at one .tint" ' grew upon the surface of the earth, r ' cither in dry land or in marshes, or beneath the water. In any bog rr swamp may be seen one step in one 1 kind of process of the transformation ; of living plants into coal, j On the surface grows the green liv- ; ing moss with many other plants. Two ' or three inches below that is a brown. ; s-pongy mass-, consisting of the fibre of dead plants; this passes gradually down into a compacted brown mass in ' ' ' which the vegetable tissue begins to disappear. Lower down it is still denser and darker, and all obvious traces of fibre and tissue, perhaps, are ; lost; until at a depth of sometimes thirty feet, a compact black substance : is found which cuts like cheese, but. i except for its dampness, might be I called soft coal. When artificially I ' dried and compressed it makes a hard. I black substance that scarcely differs I either in appearance or composition j ; . ti'om some varieties of pit coal. I i If. therefore, any thick bed of peat I ! were to be depressed beneath the sea. I . and covered with great beds of sand J ', or mini to a thickness of several hun I , died feet, it cannot be doubted that . i the peat would be converted into coal. I It is not, however, moss or peat onlv I . " ; ' that undergoes the changes described. I for in many places great fragments of j tries have been found buried in the I , 1 ' earth, retaining their external form I '' and their woody fibre, but changed into a brown, cheesy substance or even into a quite black and brilliant coal. This substance is called lignite, and where considerable beds are found "the passage of a tree lignite into genuine coal, and the alteration of one substance sub-stance into the other are obvious to the eye. If to this be added that in the majority ma-jority of instances beds of coal show on the surface, when freshly exposed, a mat-work of vegetable branches and stems, and that pieces of coal when examined with the microscope show vegetable tissues and cells, the argument argu-ment in favor of vegetable origin of coal becomes complete. |