| Show J HISTORIC FIGHTS FOR LEGISLATION x-l x Other Presidents Than Roosevelt Roosevelt Roosevelt Roose Roose- velt Have Had Conflicts With Congress SOME NOTED COLLISIONS on COl Continually With Other Branches of if Go 4 Senate n I Often conflicts between presidents presIdent and other othol branches of congress JI havi have hav i token taken place which caused wl wider er i est et than does oes that between AIr Mr Ir noo Roose Rooe e- e 1 velt and velt-and an the Dl Democratic lea leaders ers of the thc 1 senate senat In a n. letter lelier lo tu John Taylor of Carolina written a n. few years after hi his I I retirement from flom the presidency Jefferson Jeffer JelTer- V son said SalI In Ii the tho general government th senate Is scarcely Republican at all t as fiS not elected by the pc people plc directly an and wi so long secured oven even a those who do cl elect cleeL et them While Jeffer Jefferson on was the most consummate politician O of the age he came Inlo Into conflict with other branches of th the government oft oCt ener ner than dues does hl his present vreen sent successor t although the popular notion II Is that thai Roosevell has hn had more fights with the senate enalo than an any of hl his predecessors did with alt all the other departments of the government gO put together l. l Several years ars after he left office he ho said to Madison The Tue term of ollice r It to our nUl senate like that thai of or the Judges Is too long for my approbation Inthe In Inthe the days when Jellerson was as thus oxy ox- ox y- y pressing his sentiments to 10 Taylor raylor and lul ll adversely ad to the senate that body had among Its Its- members Us-members m between two 1 and three times limes an at many of his own wn party as It had hind of the federalists t With Federal Court Court- V 1 tt Some of Jeffersons Jefferson's bitterest conflicts were wele with the federal courts One of r the more Important of the hie early incas meas- uses of Jeffersons Jefferson's ns n's presidency enc was the repeal of th the federalist act Ct creating I. I the United States circuit courts COUlts Heh lie He hi h had d cl personal rea reasons ons for being against I. I those particular b bodies les The act creating cre Cle them was passed by a federalist congress congre virtually all the thc judges belonged belonged be be- longed to the federalist party part and I M some me of ot them had hall their theil commissions signed b by President nt Adams dams Ju Just t a as his term was as expiring on March MarchI 4 I 1801 1 t These were the tle so called midnight Judges judge Jeffe Jefferson on thought the power of oC the United States courts was too great for Cor forthe the permanence of Republican 1 lions For John Marshall a federalist who was appointed by Adams chief h.- h. justice of ot the supreme court a few fc weeks before Adams Adams' retirement from Crom office and after finer A Adams ams had been det de- de t r rj In his attempt to secure reelection re dee r tion Jefferson had a per personal onal dislike 0 In the Burr treason case In Richmond Marshall sent ent a subpoena or ordering Jefferson Jeterson Jef- Jef t F ferson erson to appear at nt the trial and bring bringa t n h a certain paper bearing on the case casei i with him Jefferson Ignored the chief Justices Justice's summons I but he gave gaye the r paper to the district attorney Several years afterward in IlL his hh known well Mazzel MazzeI lett letter I Jefferson spoke of what t he called the rancorous hatred which J b Marshall bears to the government of i his Ills country countr 2 Properly a Treat Treaty 1 Monroe and Pinkney negotiated a P.- P. treaty with England In 1807 which bid id not please Jefferson and which was far farT T from being acceptable to Its American t c signers but It was the best that could be had from Crom England at the time 7 p When hen Jefferson received the treaty ho 4 t. t refused used to send fend It to the senate which was not Hot then lien In but hut which ma many mahy 1 persons believed Jefferson could coull convoke In extra sf session lon as Washing Washington ton did lid In hi 1795 hi in the tho case of another British treat treaty Jefferson was right in withholding the treat treaty from Crom the senate sen sen- 1 lit tile ate although Monroe and Pinkney 1 were an angry I at hl his con conduct Many of ot the senators of his his' own party palt who were vere also oppose opposed to the treaty treat objected ob- ob to his slight on their chamber In speaking of his action long afterward after afler- I ward to Spencer Silencer Roane Hoane Jefferson said ld that when the treaty ai arrived rived without provision against the of V American n seamen Heamen he determined not notto V t to ratify II It The senate he said t thought I should hould ask their advice II I I thought that would bo be mockery mocker of J I them when I was predetermined ne I I against following It should they adI advise ad ad- I vise ratification lIe He justified his I act 1 by saying The rho constitution has baR 3 made malle the advice of ot the senate necessary I sar nary sary to confirm a treat treaty but not to re reject re- re J ct It It This has been blamed b by some but I have never BOYCE doubted IU Us Ils S I. I 7 V President II Captured by 11 Senate f V When hen the whig hIg senate In 1834 pa passed pass pass- passa e ed a resolution of censure e against Jackson for tor the t- t removing lemo depo deposits from Crom the United t Suites States 8 bank bani far fal more mor excitement was arouse aroused throughout V the country than the conflict of 1906 he between tween President Roosevelt and ancI Senators Senators Sen Son Tillman an and Bailey occasioned V Politics was as more passionate then Ihen than It Is now Clays Clay's attack on Jackson Jackson Jackson Jack Jack- son was more mOIe savage ravage than Tillmans Tillman's t on on Ri RooseVelt The fight on the pre pre-I- V dent flent then Ihen lasted laste about three months In he present case casc it lasted lastell less than that man many weeks In Ill the lIght fight at that time there was wasa I. I a cut clean-cut line of division in the 8 nate n- n ate But the pr president of 1906 has Ims not been boen really an I issue ue at all The attack upon him b by Tillman an and Dalle Bailey did l not take a shape hape in which an any defense efen e ehas has been proposed Jackson on theother the theother theother other hand was cOn condemned b by bS' a square Cuare vote vole of ot th the senate on a direct V issue Moreover although the senate In 1831 1834 was controlled b by Jacksons Jackson's whig enemies some Democrats Joined In the V assault upon him One of oC these was was' Tillmans Tillman's distinguished predecessor John C C. Calhoun Calls Call Jackson u it Partisan fi V Said n referring to ran Taney raney e sty Jacksons Jackson's secretary of the treasury who wh In III obedience to Jacksons Jackson's orders 5 had removed ell the governments government's depos- depos Us its from Crom the Iho United States State bank an and I L' L V placed them in private banks which BV c Jacksons Jackson's enemies stigmatized as tin the pet Pt banks Can he be bo Ignorant that the whole power ower of ot the government government govern govern- t 3 V V ment mont has been Perverted Into Inlo a u. great I political machine with a view of corrupting corrupting corrupting cor cor- and controlling the country countr Can Call he ho ho he be Ignorant that the avowed and open policy of tho ho government ment Is 15 1 J to reward political friends and punish political enemies With money and V corrupt partisans a great effort is now ft making to choke and stifle the voice t of American liberty rt through all V its V constitutional and legal organs b by pen- pen stoning t the press and by overawing the other departments and finally by setting up a new organ composed of ot V office holders and partisans under the tho i of a national convention con which 4 name P. P I 1 I I V l. l a. I t V t A counterfeiting the voice of or the people will If not hot resisted In their name mime dictate the dic tate tat tIRe the succession slon In more mort polished and likewise lse more malO trenchant language than the South Carolinian of 1906 can use the South Carolina leader lender of t 1 1834 83 assailed the president of th the day 11 He lie went further than than does doCs his pre present Ent successor sor for I Calhoun denounced ll Jacksons Jackson's a agents accused him of corruption and cl de declared ile- ile dared clarf he ho was waN t endeavoring nd by a n subsidized sub suh- sl pr press q an and by conventions of or hl his officeholders to subvert the he liberties I Io o of at the country Presidents President's t Po Ca Cast t Out Neither Tillman nor any other othel Democrat Democrat Dem Dent makes an any such charges charge against Roosevelt When JacJ Jackson's Jacksons olli whig and anti antiDemocratic Democratic enemies passed their resolution reso reso- lution of censure on him he mule made a reply which carried more dynamite than Roosevelt telephoned to Lodge and that Lodge read In the s senate nate When Jacksons Jackson's protest reached the senat senate Cia Clay and chanced tobe to tobe tobe be absent and George Poindexter of Mississippi a man of ot prominence In that laY anti and a Ji former formel friend of Jack Jacle- I l. l t son denounced the age ns RN unfit to be rt received cc by 11 the senate senat and after a fie ce dr In which many o oj of lj t Jack Jackson's Jacksons on friends n as well a as hl his enemies ene etie mies participated the senate voted ii to tf 1 cast It U out Under tho the leadership of Denton Benton afi a 1 fi fight t was made against the re resolutions of censure and after r a contest lasting Intermittently for three years the censure cen cen- sur sure was expunged from the senates senate's journal After Artel Tyler the vice president who became president nt on Harrisons Harrison's death I vetoed the two bank restoration blIP bills which Cia Clay and the tho whigs pushed I j through h congress a feud fetid started betWeen between between be be- tween congress s and president which I j Incited more sulphurous lan language ungo 1 than anho anybody now no living has hias heard ina ina in ina a similar case since Ince Johnson's Johnsons break with congress In reconstruction days 1 ii I I Is ii Tho rho whigs in 18 10 framed no platform plat pInt form hut but after thc they carried the country coun coun- tl try the they attempted under Clays Clay's leadership leadership lead lead- V In the Ito senate to establish re-establish the United States Stales bank batik which Jackson Jaclson I killed J Tyler Iyler ICI who believed o such an Institution would 11 be unconstitutional vetoed two hank bank bills In lIt quick sion Then he ho was read out of the whig party and his cabinet stopped slopped down except Webster the secreta secretary I of state mate who remained until after he had finished the n negotiation with England Englan tv teli which fh leeru ni e I hi Vf Vell li oiA I r- r mi on I. I I n n treat treaty of ll By that time tIRe the contest between Tyler an and th the whig majority in each branch blanch of or congress became violent When Tyler Tylel vetoed a u whig tariff bill which contained a n clause for fOl the tIRe distribution dis lIs- I of the land revenues In lit I 1842 the whigs lacking the tho two thirds l majority ma mn- to pass puss the bill hili over o his veto eto resorted to tn desperate measures John Minor Mind Bolts a prominent Virginia whig who hio served ened several terms torms In I congress and who remained loyal to 10 the union during the civil war sear urged the Impeachment of Tyler but his personal personal per per- enmity toward Tyler weakened his efforts to turn the president out ut of office Instead of voting In favor Cavor of removing remo him the house referred his veto message to a select committee which made a vigorous attack upon him In a report to the hou house e. e The house houS censured him hint for fOl abuse or al alleged alleged al- al l eged abuse of oC tho ho veto power pOwel j- j I I astor on OIL s A Against this action Tyler sent a n protest protest pro iwo t test est to th the house a little after attel tho the manner manner man man- ner ncr of oC Jacksons Jackson's to the senate In 1834 Tylers Tyler's attack was not so ner fiery In language language lan Ian guage as ns Jacksons and thu the house countered on him in two to ways It re reminded ic 10 m minded him that he as a senator In 1831 voted against receiving recel Jacksons Jackson's protest Then Thou It rejected his own pro pro- test est of or 1842 1342 This fight light between n Tyler and the party arty which elected him ha had several everal consequences It defeated the s in fn the congressional election of or 1842 sent Tyler and his whig supporters support- support ers rs whom Cia Clay dubbed the corporals corporal's guard Into the Democracy from Crom which most of or them had been drawn originally It Il Incited the clause In the whig hig platform of oC 1844 for fOl a reform of executive usurpation and It con- con trl something toward the defeat of or Cia Clay an and tho the whigs In the presidential lal canvass of that lint year Possibly Clays Clay's concessions on the slavery Issue In the Texas annexation would have defeated Clay Inan In an any case In that year car but It Is certain that the n fight ht between he the president and his party In iii congress deprived the whigs of some votes which otherwise the they would have received Roosevelt's encounter with senators Republican and Democratic has hns been at long range Buchanan had a a. hand hand- to hand fight with Douglas the lender leader of Buchanan's party In the upper chamber Douglas Douglas' Crushing Retort I Discovering that Douglas was lU likely el to oppose his plan of aiding th the pro pro- slavery minority of Kansas territory to get a constitution which the free Cree state majority of the territory's people would oppose Buchanan asked Douglas Doug Doug- las has to call on him when he came caine to Washington just before the opening of or th the session of or congress In December Decem Decem- ber 1857 Douglas went to the tho White House and anti he had not been there thore live nC minutes before Buchanan found that Douglas would light tight the pro lavely p Buchanan arose excitedly a and In a threatening mann manner r exia exclaimed ex ex- ex- ex c claimed claimed- ia i m ed Mr Douglas I want you OU to ber 1 that no ito Democrat ever yet I t diverged erg l e ed ell d from an administration of oC his own party part without being crushed Beware of tho the fate of or Tallmadge an anti and 1 Rives Hives Douglas also excited rose roge an and re retorted re- re t Mr President I want you OU to re remember remember re- re member that General Jackson is h I I Ioa dead oa I Douglas fought Buchanan's er cry ery crusade in the senate In the session ses sion slon of S 1857 and Buchanan retal- retal atc by ly turning man many of Douglas Douglas' friends out of ot office and by using the thu Influence of the federal administration against Douglas In his contest for Cor reelection reelection re reelection re- re election to the senate in 1858 In that thai t contest Douglas Dougla had Lincoln for Cor an nn antagonist antagonist an an- agonist but he carried the Ie legislature 0 and got another term Q Quarrel With Grant Sumner who was as violent as Tillman Tillman Till Tilt man and also as unreasonable as th the S South Carolina man sometimes Is s organized organized or or- a u r revolt in fn the thc senate against Vt Grant before Grants Grant's first term wa was S half finished and this lasted laste till after aCter r Grants Grant's second election In 1872 On One C Cof of Grants Grant's measures which Sumner r fiercely attacked was the Santo Domingo Domingo Domingo Do Do- mingo annexation project which Ii Grant began nn to push In the latter par part t of nf 69 1869 |
