| Show NEWS HEWS RECORD OF I THE YEAR 1928 Summary of the Notable Events of the Twelve TwelveMonths TwelveMonths Months Month in America and Abroad HOOVERS HOOVER'S BIG RIG VICTORY Republican Sweep the Country In the Presidential Election Treaty to Outlaw War Signed by Nearly All Nations China Won by the Nation Nation- Germany chats Germany and the Reparations Reparation By ey EDWARD W. W PICKARD Herbert looter Hoover was wo the tug log figure of ot the year lear 1028 In the United States This by reason of ot his hla weeping sweeping victory In the lre residential Presidential election at the close of ot the must most In Interesting In- In campaign the tile country bud bad had In many years lcm and end his bis good goud goodwill goodwill will tour of ot the Latin American re re- publics Until the verdict of ot the to polls 1011 was wal rendered Mr 11 ewers ewer's rival rhal for the Presidency Guy COT A AI Smith of New York rork was wat almost equally In the 1 public eye aud and the pub rub He lie mind Economically and financial financially ly JI the country enjoyed u a prosperity that has baa seldom been equalled notwithstanding not oot notwithstanding withstanding the fact that the problem problem lem of relieving the troubles of ot the till agriculturists remained unsolved Internationally the outstanding vent event of f the year lear was the putting for tor forward forward ward of f the called so-called I Kellogg lateral treaty to outlaw war wor and Its signature In Paris by nearly all I the he civilized nations of f the world Efforts Ef- Ef forts forta to accomplish a reduction of ot armaments made by bl the League of Nations Nation and by various arlous statesmen had no definite results but the Kellogg Kel Rei Kellogg logg 1 pact was wal looked on by most mot P people pea peo pIe as a real step toward world pence peace The tenth anniversary of ot the armis tics found the tho questions of ot German reparations still unsettled but th the e governments most concerned were werl e about to open a conference for th e purpose of ot determining finally what an and how tiow the Germans must pay The e close of ot the year jear por also sow saw steps stells being DP- DP be- be Ing taken by President es e's administration lid ad d ministration for the reopening of ot the question of ot American adherence to the world court In the hope that the European nations might accept the American reservations In the 1 Fur ar East China Chinn provided much mu of ot the Interest and aud to the relief of the world Its Internecine ne warfare was ended with the victory of ot the Nationalists Japan furnished a spec spec- Incident In the formal coronation coronation coronation coro coro- nation of I Emperor Latin America Amr was rather more i peaceful than usual with exception I tion of Nicaragua and In that republic republic republic re re- re- re public the American marines morinI'S and diplomats diplomats dip dip- succeeded In to bringing an end to the civil warfare and In to giving the little republic a real election of a President INTERNATIONAL Early In January President Cool CoolIdge Idge dge created a precedent by Journey JourneyIng Ing ng to Havana Cuba to attend the lie opening of ot the American Pan confer conference conference ence enre an and to deliver an aft address before that body lie returned at once leaving leav ing the Interests of ot the United States In the able hands of ot Charles Evans Hughes an and his fellow delegates At Atthe Atthe the the Instance of ot Mexico It was decided that the union should not have power to political questions though some ome of ot the delegates tried earnestly to make It virtually an American league of ot nations notions don head of the Argentina delegation ion tion Insisted that the union adopt a s declaration dp against all the maintenance of t tariff walls between the American republics and ond when Mr Hughes would not listen to this and It was turned down by the conference contE resigned both from his bis delegation and as ambassador to Before this occurred he and many others found occasion to denounce Intervention by one nation In the Internal affairs of ot another the tire attack of ot course being aimed at the lie policy of the United States In the case of ot Nicaragua As It was evident that a resolution embodying these t views lewa could rould not be carried unanimous ly Iy further discussion of the subject was WUI referred to the seventh confer ence Definite finite results of ot the session were ere The acceptance by twenty states of ot a code of ot private International law adoption of ot resolutions that disputes of a juridical nature be bt submitted to arbitration that ag war be outlawed and the republics of ot America committed to 10 the use of ot peaceable means for tor the Ibe i settlement of ot all till dl disputes between them the tire beginning of tire the a n ton of ot International law V the tire signing of ot a I convention on min commercial a la lion and the putting Into full effect of t the ian Pan IRn sanitary c cede de In December there was wall a II serious threat of ot warfare between and over r the disputed l run Chacu region At AI the time lime a Ian rail Jan conference e on nn emu fun and a opened in t and Its 1111 fir first t efforts III were ill III rested reeled toward averting a this file nut outbreak break of ot bust s. The TIlt of ot the for League of lit Nut inns also urged the lilt two republics to 10 settle ellie heir quarrel with alth without out resort report to 10 armsOn arms On February l 0 the one hun huri end and fiftieth anniversary of lir tin the tug Ing of ot the first treaty the United States an and France the two nations signed a new arbitration pact binding each earb party part not to go ItO to war with aith the other The American government gov gOT government emment at the time suggested tha that a It better way would be to unite the efforts of ot the two powers power to obtain the adhesion of ot alt all the principal powers powers pow pow- ers of the world orld to a declaration denouncing de de- pouncing war as an Instrument of ot their national policy This Tills was the Inception of ot the multilateral treaty which Secretary of ot State Kellogg later lat 1st- er el proposed to the chief powers One by one ont the nations accepted the plan In principle some Mme of them with res res- and finally the pact was drawn up to suit all all France Trance thereupon thereupon there there- upon Invited fourteen Courteen other nations to send representatives representative to Paris to sign the treaty All responded andon antion and anti andon on August 27 the was per per- formed The pact was left open for tor forthe forthe the adhesion of other nations notions an and within a few tew weeks most of ot the governments governments gov gov- governments of the civilized world had hod accepted It Promising as this We movement movement movement move move- ment toward general pence seemed It was regarded by certain elements In some countries e especially the United Stoles States and Italy with cynical cynical cal derision Approval al by the American Amer lean ican senate Is necessary to give It effect and some of the senators were known to be opposed oppose to It It Senator torah lorah chairman of ot the foreign relations relations rela rela- committee however gave the treaty his warm Indorsement I Evacuation of ot the and the tire fixing filing of ot the total of ot the reparations long obligations was still Insisted on onby onby onby by Germany By the terms of ot the Dimes Dawes agreement she ehe was pa paying large sums mims regularly on account but the time when the payments should end arts coming no nearer The allies allies al al- lies at lost last recognized this Intolerable able ahle situation and In November It was agreed that a congress of ot experts experts ex ex- should be bo convened to revise the Dawes plan and try to fix fig the total reparations France persisted In the Idea that the question of ot reparations reparations rep rep- orations should be tied up with that of ot her ber war debt to the United States but Washington made It plain that this could rould not be John Bassett Moore American resigned re rev signed s on April 28 as a member of ot the permanent court ourt of ot International justice commonly known as the world court Most of the national notional groups nominated Dominated Charles Evans ERns Hughes to succeed him and the assembly as as- as- as and council of ot the League e of Nations Notions overwhelmingly confirmed the choice cholle on In September 8 FOREIGN Great Britain pursued the even e tenor of Its way but was not In good economic condition The great num nulU her ber of ot the unemployed especially In Inthe Inthe Inthe the mining districts led the government govern govern- ment to try the exi experiment of ot help helpIng Ing Ina many men to migrate to Canada and ond Australia to engage In o tural rural work This Title was successful t ta to toa o I a limited extent but did dill not especially please the dominions Early In th the Ibl e year pur parliament passed the women s franchise measure known as i tin the e flappers bill and thus about five e I million more women were given th the e vote During the session of ot purlin ment the house rejected the prayer praye r book revision re proposed by the authorities author of ot the Church of ot England nn and Churchill Introduced a spectacular budgetary scheme for tor reform reforming lug local government and relieving Industrial I depression J. J 11 ll Whitley resigned d as speaker and Capt II Eo A. A y was elected to succeed him Attacks ys s on the metropolitan police pollee led to a parliamentary Investigation and t to o the appointment of ot Lord Byng a as s commissioner comm King George contracted Inflammation lion tion of the lungs late lote In to November r and his condition became so alarm alarm- lag Ins that the prince of Wales and hl his s brother the duke of Gloucester hurriedly hur bar returned from a hunting bunting trip In Africa Ills fits majesty appointed a royal commission headed bended by tin the thc e queen to act for him during his III ness nera Dr Randall Thomas Davidson archbishop of Canterbury and primate e of ot I England created a precedent b bv b resigning In July and Dr Cosmo Cosm n Lang archbishop of ot York was a appointed ap p pointed to the place place- The Tire earl pari of ot t resigned as os secretary r of t state for fur India and ond was succeeded h bv Viscount Peel eel On February 1 t inane Jamos s McNeil McNeill I was as Installed as governor governo r general of ot the Irish Free State Perhaps Per haps hays the must most Interesting event enl t In Inthe the empire outside of ot Great BritaIn n I was the decisive e defeat of ot prohibition In New Nw South Wales and Canberra the federal district of Australia In November the South African cabinet of Premier Hertzog resigned and he hp formed a new V government gO France as always devoted an enormous amount of attention to 10 pol pol- pol ties render Premier held power throughout the year In the elections on April 22 he ht won a decided victory and when he resigned In No O l t the he wire was persuaded to 10 retain ordain oRlie and imd fM forma form a new V ministry The radical were recalcitrant and I in carp care left them out ont of his government O nl The tenth anniversary found France FranceIn In a R stare of ot don Uon Most of the Ihl funn homes and buildings had hod tweet herti rebuilt the flooded cowl coal mines minIs 1111 had 1 been restored to 10 pro urn duc and lea factor-lea hud bruit been restored restored re re- re- re stored and anel all 1111 were weri bu busy y The franc hot had lie been en stabilized unit imd the foreign I trade showed a large Increase employment was almost nonexistent The Tilt communists III created distort antes ami's during lilt Hie so summer In Tr Trojes tI es I and nel I Ivry ny but hul were ld auton autun ts were wre convicted led In Alay Iny mid and sentenced to III prison but ul President D ue pardoned them Scandals lIn the tile granting of ot divorces by bythe bythe the Purls courts to Americans led IN to reforms In the tile procedure of those tribunals Germany laboring under the burden of the reparations payments was Vas said by her ber ambassador or to Washington to tobe tobe tobe be distinctly on the upgrade This notwithstanding rather unfavorable business conditions condition and an Increase in the number of unemployed With Premier Mussolini still sUII It its I dictator dictator dic dic- Ital Italy seemed to be making steady stead progress and the supremacy of ot the Fascist t party was waa confirmed and ond strengthened The duce put Into full tull effect his plan for tor reorganization of ot the government to put practically all power In the hands of ot the grand council council coun coun- cil accomplished monetary reform and put through a law for his bis pet scheme of ot land reclamation and end utilization Rumania was torn by dissension the Peasant party part demon demanding a share In the government 1 Finally the revolt grew so serious that Premier was forced by the regency 10 0 o resign and leader of the peasants peasants peas peas- ants came Irto pow power r as head hend of ot a coalition government Ahmed the handsome young dictator of ot Albania decided that his bis country should have a king and ond promoted promoted pro pro- promoted himself to that position taking the title of ot III Ill Soviet let Russia's rulers ruler have ha not yet solved the great Issue of how bow to reconcile reconcile rec tee the tire con conflicting Interests of the Industrial aud amid the agrarian sections of ot the population and during the year there were sporadic revolts re of the peasants without result The government continued Its earnest efforts efforts efforts ef ef- forts to enlist financial aid old from abroad and one of ot Its Us successes successes was the completion of a contract with the International General Electric company company com eom- pany of f New York fork for tor the purchase of ot worth of ot electric equIpment equipment equipment equip equIp- ment In this country The Tice exploitation exploits exploits- tion of ot the country's rich oil resources was carried on energetically The rules governing concessions to foreign business Interests were radically modified In September Generally speaking Russia was In a healthier condition than at any time elate th the e revolution Victory of ot the Chinese Nationalists Nationalist s was won woo after long and hard bard fighting g and despite the opposition of Japan Marshal Chang Tso Tso-lIn war lord wins was forced to abandon t Icking Peking Pe Ic c king on June S and on his way t to Mukden his train was wal bombed and he was fatally Injured The Nationalists National established a complete government govern go n fluent ment t nt and constituted d tin the e capital of the republic Chiang Mang Kai Kai- 01 Shek hek their generalissimo was elected d president of the council The Tire name e of ot Peking was changed to meaning Northern Pence Peace The United United Unit ed Id States tulls took tank the first step toward favor r r recognition of ot the new government by hy negotiating a 0 treaty granting China Chin a tariff autonomy Great Orent Britain Ger many I France and Italy all nil begun negotiations with the government gov Fos Japan alone holding aloof aloo t because of ot her claim that her old nit d I t treaty reaty with China bins was still In effect Gen Alvaro Obregon being heln the only surviving candidate for the Presidency y of Mexico after the ha had hod d been suppressed was elected on mu July y 1 1 to take office on December 1 Buon But Dut Buton Duton t on July 17 17 as he was attending a L banquet In his honor he be was assassinated noted by a n young native named Torn I The Tice crime crimp created a great sensation n and und the tine trial of ot the murderer an and hl his |
