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Show Wtea- SWtmm Bull ;K,s A"A "f, - l ' - r 7 'v W ; - - , . , , , , l j - v yQ, 's gf" 4 1 , - rrZC, inH UP"" McLaughlin for such co-operation and V r lj. ' "HN A-L assistance as would be needed. SS- lif HCI ' x I S AJcI-aughlin conferred with Drum and found J) w& Ji ' i ' x nim fu"-v in agreement as to the course of proee- REjD WriAHAWK THZ .3v!t A ft v f A" x ! . dure. It was to make the arrest on the next ra- PaLC?&Uv iQfo C ii I W A tion da-v- December 20. and the Indian police were D f Barry u mA V ' Sl " to do it with the soldiers from Fort Yates at a gi. AkjVE ' C? -Jt l sAK- j convenient distance to aid in case Sitting Bull's Vr -pif.s I i -Stv followers attempted a rescue. However, on De- - AJ 'Slfr cember 14 it was aiscovered that Sitting Bull was O -S? preparing to leave the reservation and join a "r31-Sti- i! y-r i " large group of Indians who had stampeded from u 7g2? TOMAHAWK '-930 the fine Rid''e reservation into the Bad Lands Warrts irEwiny upon the approach of troops at Pine Ridge. So 4 McLaughlin and Drum deridpd to net imniprJintplv. iug upon McLaughlin for such co-operation and assistance as would be needed. AJcI-aughlin conferred with Drum and found him fully in agreement as to the course of procedure. proce-dure. It was to make the arrest on the next ration ra-tion day, December 20. and the Indian police were to do it with the soldiers from Fort Yates at a convenient distance to aid in case Sitting Bull's followers attempted a rescue. However, on December De-cember 14 it was discovered that Sitting Bull was preparing to leave the reservation and join a large group of Indians who had stampeded from the Pine Ridge reservation Into the Bad Lands upon the approach of troops at Pine Ridge. So McLaughlin and Drum decided to act immediately. Thirty-nine regular policemen and four specials, commanded by Lieutenant Bull Head and Sergeant Shave Head and Red Tomahawk were ordered to proceed to Sitting Bull's camp that night and make the arrest early the next morning. .Tust after dawn the police reached Sitting Bull's camp and halted before the two houses in which lived the Hunkpapa leader, his two wives and his sons and daughters. Ten policemen headed by Bull Head and Shave Head entered one of the houses and found there Sitting Bull, his wives and his seventeen-year-old son. (Vow Foot. Bull Head told Sitting Bull that he was under arrest and must go to the agency, to which the chief made ' no objection. Stories of what happened next there do not agree in all respects. According to the account of Dr. Charles A. Eastman, an educated Sioux and an authoritative writer on the history of his people. Sitting Bull, finding himself "surrounded hy armed men and himself led away to he knew not what fate, cried out loudly: 'They nave taken me: what say you to It? . . .' The police harangued the crowd in vain; Sitting Bull's blood was up and he again appealed to his men. His adopted brother, the Assinihoine captive whose life he had saved so many years before, was the first to tire. His shot killed Lieutenant Bull Head, who held Sitting Bull by the arm. Then there was a short but sharp conflict, in which Sitting Bull and six of his defenders and six of the Indian police were slain, with many more wounded. The chief's young son, Crow Foot, and his devoted 'brother' died with him." Major McLaughlin, in his book "My Friend, the Indian." published several years ago by the Houghton Hough-ton Mifflin company, tells the 'story thus: "As Sitting Sit-ting Bull stepped out with his captors he walked directly toward the horse, with the evident Intention Inten-tion of mounting and accompanying the police-He police-He was some distance from the door when his son, Crow Foot, seeing that the old man intended to make no resistance, began to revile him: 'You call yourself a brave man and you have declared that you would never surrender to a tiluecoat. and now you give yourself up to Indians In blue uniforms.' . . . The taunt hit Sitting Bull hard. He looked into the mass of dark excited faces and commenced com-menced to talk volubly and shrilly, and there was a menacing movement in the crowd. "He looked about him and saw his faithful adherents ad-herents ahout fine hundred and sixty crazed Ohost Dancers who would have gone through fire at his bidding. ... He made up his mind to take his chance and screamed out in order to his peop! to attack the police. Instantly Catch-the-Bear and Sfrikes-the-Kettle, who were In the front rank of the crowd, fired at point-blank range, Catch-the-Bear mortally wounding First Lieutenant Lieuten-ant Bull Head, and Strikes-the-Kettle shooting First Sergeant Shave Head in the abdomen. Bull Head was a few yards to the left and front of Sitting Bull when hit, and Immediately wheeling, wheel-ing, he shot Sitting Bull through the body, and at the same Instant Second Sergeant Red Tomahawk, Toma-hawk, who with revolver in hand was rear guard, shot him in the right cheek, killing him instantly; the lieutenant, the first sergeant and Sitting Bull falling together." ((c) by Western Newspaper Union.) By ELMO SCOTT WATSON ' "jpSSaeal T WAS just 40 years ago that Sit-I Sit-I 1 ff ting Bull came to the end of his oM K& trail of '"'placable hostility to the ffa ISs white man and the fortieth anni-B-SS JF versary f his death finds a white rSjl man engaged in writing the biog-Sij biog-Sij raphy of this famous red man. From k ""Mfc" the Houghton Mifflin company comes the announcement that the recent award of one of the Guggenheim fellowships fellow-ships to Stanley Vestal, already well known as a biographer of Kit Carson, will enable him to devote himself exclusively to work on his forthcoming forth-coming volume on the life of Tatanka Yot'anka (Sitting Bull) of the Hunkpapa Teton Sioux. Sitting Bull was killed near his home on the Grand river in North Dakota. December 15. 1S90. By the same Ironical fate which overtook two other outstanding irreconcilables ir "Indian patriots," pa-triots," as many people choose to regard them King Philip of the Wnmpanoags and Pontine of the Ottawas, Sitting Bull met his death at the bands of men of his own race. Today out on the Standing Rock reservation lives an eighty-year-old Indian who was visited by Marshal Foch and Queen Marie of Rumania during their tours of this country in recent years and who, a few months hack, was received at the White House hy President Hoover. Red Tomahawk Toma-hawk Is his name and. although he Is worthy enough of honor us a brave warrior In the old days of intertribal warfare and as an Indian policeman po-liceman who was often called upon for duty filled with hardship and danger, he has been widely advertised and Is best known to the white man of today for the doubtful distinction of being "the slayer of Sitting Bull." When Sitting Bull died there were those who hailed the event as the end of an era. For popular popu-lar Imagination hnd fastened upon this tribal leader lead-er of the Sioux as n symbol of the threat which had hung over the American pioneer for genei4-tions genei4-tions and in a larger sense as the symbol of an ever-present danger to white supremacy on this continent. So his death was looked upon as removing re-moving the Inst obstacle to satisfying the land hunger which hnd driven the white man westward west-ward ever since the earliest days of settlement on the Atlantic seaboard. As a matter of fact It was nothing of the sort. The issue of white vs. red supremacy hnd been settled long before. In Its larger Implications. Sitting Bull's death was an echo of a fight that had already been won. Historically His-torically it was an nnti-elimncticni ending to the career of an individualist fighting a lost cause. Ethically it was the murder of a caged eagle. Estimates of Sitting Bull's character and importance im-portance vary. He has been called a physical coward and a brave warrior. He has been designated desig-nated as a great leader and a far-seeing native statesman ; and he lias been denounced as an impractical im-practical schemer, a faker and a fraud. But there Is one tiling about him upon which both friend and enemy can agree he never deviated from his distrust of and his dislike for the white man. There was ample evidence of that hostility during dur-ing the wars with the Sioux in the fifties and sixties, six-ties, culminating in the defeat of Gen. George A. Custer and the annihilation of a part of his com mand, the Seventh cavalry, at the battle of the Little Lit-tle Big Horn in Montana on June 25, 187G. Sitting Bull's part in that tragic affair has been a subject for much dispute, but popular opinion made him . the arch-enemy, even though the actual leaders of the Indian fighting men that day were Gall of the Hunkpapas, Crazy Horse of the Oglalas and Two Moons of the Cheyennes. According to the "popular idea" he ran away at the first attack, was "making medicine" in the hills during the battle and returned later to claim credit for it. But there is evidence from the Sioux that he helped repel the Reno attack, even though he was not present when Custer's Immediate command was overwhelmed. Whatever had been Sitting Bull's role at the Little Big Horn, his prestige among the Sioux seems to have been enhanced by the outcome of the Custer battle, hut it was rapidly diminished by the vigorous campaigning of Gen. Nelson A. Miles, who defeated various detachments of the hostiles and finally drove Sitting Bull and his followers across the bordei into Canada. There he remained until I8S1 when he surrendered at Fort Buford under promise of amnesty, a promise prom-ise which was Immediately violated when he was confined as a prisoner of war nt Fort Randall. Finally with his band of Hunkpapas he was set tied near the Grand river on the Standing Rock reservation. At this time there was great unrest and dissatisfaction dis-satisfaction among the Sioux. Penned up on small reservations these people who had once roamed over a veritable empire suffered from short rations, ra-tions, doled out to them hy their conquerors, and a growing sense of rhe Indignities to which they ' hnd been subjected. At this crisis there appeared a half-breed Indian in Nevada proclaiming a new order of things for rhe red man A Messiah was coming to overthrow ihe white man and return to the red man all that had once been his. In preparation for this coming of their savior, the Indians were instructed to inaugurnte certain ceremonials, chief anmne ihein the Ghost dance. Whether Sitting Bull was a genuine believer in the Ghost Dance religion or saw In espousing espous-ing It a chance to regain some of his lost prestige among his people and an opportunity for rallying the Sioux In another effort to resist the whites Is difficult to say But it was probably the latter. The result, so far as he was concerned, was to focus the growing suspicion and alarm of the government upon him. especially after Sitting Bull at a Ghost dance in his canrp broke the peace pipe which he had kept sacredly since his surrender nt Fort Buford saying that he was ready to die for this new religion if need be. Upon hearing of this Maj. James McLaughlin, agent on the Standing Rock reservation, recommended recom-mended to the Indian department that Sitting Bull be arrested and removed from the reservation. He renewed the recommendation after a personal visit to Sitting Bull's camp convinced him that the latter was determined to stir up trouble and perhaps precipitate an outbreak. But the agent's recommendations were disregarded by the acting Indian commissioner and on December 12 the War department instructed Col. U. C. Drum, commanding command-ing officer at Fort Yates, to make the arrest, call- |