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Show GERMAN PEOPLE America had such cause for complaint against England. At the time of the breach of diplomatic relations the Impression Im-pression prevailed that the people did not want war with Germany. "Wilson has a more strongly- autocratic auto-cratic position than any European -ruler. Since he Is English in his upbringing up-bringing t;e knows little or nothing about German things and has no use for Germans. Undoubtedly he has been against us from the outset. Often, however, he has had to guard the interest of American high finances. Wilson himself has an unbribable character. He did not labor to bring about war with Germany, since there does not exist a positive desire for wa r. "The impression In America is general gen-eral that his peace intentions were serious and honorable. He wanted to become the peace president, but the breach of relations was necessary for him for the maintenance of American prestige. In the war between America Amer-ica and Germany the financial support sup-port of the entente by America will be very great. In a warlike way, however, how-ever, the Americans can never become dangerous for us either on laud or in water." German People Awakened. The mesmeric spell which had been cast upon the people as a result of reading daily "an unbroken chain of victorious announcements," Doctor Muehlon points out, was dissipated when the foreign secretary, Von Knehlmann, declared publicly that the war could not be won "militarily." It cost Kuehlmann his post, but it awakened awak-ened the German people to the fact that they were on the edge of national disaster. Thereafter the censors permitted per-mitted less optimistic and bombastic news reports. Loss of the war was charged by the former Krupp expert to two grave mistakes by Ludendorff, described as the "brains of the German army," In his failure, first, to estimate the wonderful won-derful possibilities of the American troop transport, and, second, his false assumption thnt Marshal Foch's reserve re-serve army had ceased to exist In June, 1918. Ludendorff, he said, gambled with the existence of Germany. He was like a jockey in a long race who forced his" horse far ahead of the rest of the field, and who toward the end, when the others began to gain with their carefully reserved strength, used "whip and spurs In a desperate effort to win, virtually killed his mount, and yet lost after all." How the Censorship Hid or Falsified Falsi-fied Facts Is Told in Pamphlet. TRUTH KEPT W PAPERS Never Any Official Admission of Marne Defeat Strikes and Food Ills Kept Secret America's Position Posi-tion as Neutral Distorted. Berlin. Revelations of the "stupidity "stupid-ity and cunning" of German newspaper newspa-per censorship, which for more than four years filled 70,000,000 people with the hope of an impossible victory, hid from them the news of defeats, and at last contributed to the downfall of the structure of pretense it had raised are brought out in a remarkable pamphlet said to have been inspired by Dr. Wil-helm Wil-helm Muehlon, formerly director of the Krupp works, whose expose of Germany in 1918 as the real instigator instiga-tor of the war sent him into voluntary exile In Switzerland. The pamphlet, entitled, "How We Were Lied To," Is published ostensibly ostensi-bly under the name of Kurt Muehsam, a former Austro-German war correspondent. corre-spondent. It is filled with Instances of military duplicity, showing the efforts ef-forts that were ms.de to conceal from the German people everything of a discouraging dis-couraging nature that had to do with the war. Newspaper editors, according to the document, were forbidden, under dire penalties, to discuss any subject relating re-lating to the war without the approval of hundreds of government censors, operating through 21 newspaper bureaus bu-reaus and various branches of the government. gov-ernment. The Lusltanla sinking and the submarine controversy with the United States were so maneuvered in the press that for months the people were led to believe that the negotiations negotia-tions were taking "a course very favorable fa-vorable to us." News Very Carefully Filtered. Only such news was published as the militarists thought would favorably favor-ably affect public opinion, and to carry v crops and the employment of prisoners of war in mines and munition plants were suppressed, as were also reports of street disorders, unrest and strikes. It must be understood, writes Doctor Doc-tor Muoblon's collaborator, that all the censorship regulations under which, the newspapers were operating were unknown to the people. The distortion distor-tion of facts was thus made easy for every editor. He was encouraged to say that, notwithstanding that the allies al-lies were sinking German submarines as fast as they could be built, "the number of new German U-boats is four times greater than the losses. Our sumbersible fleet has grown extraordinarily extraordi-narily during the war. The press is to picture the submarine warfare as a means of shortening the struggle and not as a measure of retaliation or a weapon to starve our foes." Falsified All Facts About Us. After months of deception in trying to convince the people that America would never enter the war, asserts the Krupp director, when President Wilson sent his ultimatum the German Ger-man press readily executed an "about face" and endeavored to minimize the United States as a possible adversary. adver-sary. Even after the United States had landed more than 1,500,000 men in France Doctor Muehlon shows the German papers continued their campaign cam-paign of falsity. After the United States had entered the war the censors permitted such statements as "the damage to German Ger-man ships lying in American harbors has been Carried out to our satisfaction. satisfac-tion. For example, the giant steamship steam-ship Vaterland has been made wholly unusable. Even the sketches of the turbine construction have been destroyed." de-stroyed." How They Pictured America. An interesting sidelight on the psychological psy-chological view the average German was permitted of the American situation situ-ation Is shown In the following summarization sum-marization by Doctor Muehlon: "At the beginning of the war America Amer-ica was inimical to Germany. But this situation was Improved. - After the Lusltania things got worse again. Then an improvement set In because out tnis purpose, tne pampmet points out, all kinds of falsities were employed. em-ployed. Secretary Lansing, for instance, was reported as ill and on the verge of leaving office. A hopeless breach was also said to have arisen between the secretary of state and President Wilson. Wil-son. Doctor Muehlon, who, in earlier revelations rev-elations accused the then Emperor William of having Issued the order "take no prisoners," points out the fact that not once in all of the German Ger-man war reports can be found any admission ad-mission that the first battle of the Marne was a German defeat. The only thing that the German high command com-mand was able to report about that reverse was disguised in these words : "In the western theater of war the operations, details of which cannot yet be published, have led to a new battle which Is developing favorably. Reports spread by the enemy unfavorable unfavor-able to us are false." The former head of the munition plant at Essen, who possessed complete com-plete information as to the operations of the military authorities, said that "there was hardly a day during all the long war when the editorial offices of the German daily press were not 'honored' by the receipt of confidential confiden-tial communications, orders and prohibitions pro-hibitions from the censorship authorities, authori-ties, calculated to limit free expression expres-sion of opinion on the most vital questions ques-tions and ultimately to throttle it." Mustn't Say "Ruthless U-Boat War." The Germans, for instance, were never to be charged with conducting a "rulhless" U-boat war, but rather nn "unlimited" or "boundless" war. Descriptions of devastation in France and Belgium were forbhjden and all references to barbarism and wanton destruction were taboo, with the significant sig-nificant expression, "The army knows when to use force and when to be mild." Details of the closing of factories, fac-tories, coal and food shortages, poor |