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Show f- v ? r Ji " ' x r 'sr A v- 4 ' , - 1 xiieodore Roosevelt iir'liif; to greater eftorts the meu of the shipyards at Chester, Pa. 2 British dressing dress-ing station under fire on the west front. 3 Type of the hangars that are bring built in this country and Franee for America's great air fleet. NEWS REVIEW OF THE PAST WEEK Astounding Order by Garfield Stops Nation's Industries for Five Days. CAUSED BY THE COAL FAMINE Nine Additional Holidays Decreed Storm of Protests Is Unavailing Attacks At-tacks on Secretary Baker Continue Central Powers Reject Russian Peace Proposals. By EDWARD W. P1CKARD. "It is the earnest desire of the fuel administration to prevent entirely any dislocation of industry or of labor." With these words, Fuel Administrator Gartield closed his summary of the most drastic and startling experiment in domestic and war economy made by this or any other government. For five days beginning January 18 every factory fac-tory and workshop in the region east of the Mississippi and including all of Louisiana and Minnesota, was ordered closed, with the -exception of those manufacturing perishable food or food or immediate consumption. Ten successive suc-cessive Mondays beginning January 21 are ordered to be observed as holidays when the consumption of coal shall cease except in specified cases. Doctor Garfield stated that he expected ex-pected to save 30,000,000 tons of coal by his order. Very likely he will, but his plan, announced without warning, brought a tremendous storm about his head. Innumerable business men, whose affairs were dislocated despite the "earnest desire" of the administrator, administra-tor, flooded Washington with protests nnri rpniiests for revocation of the only about 3 per cent was exported, mostly to Canada. Yet, within the last week England sent coal to us, in order that supply ships might not be stopped. lea Out' of the fire of congressional Investigation In-vestigation the marine corps has come with added luster, the contrast to war department conditions ' being sadly marked. The house committee said the corps has been kept supplied on a war basis with no apparent delays, while about 25,000 recruits during the year have been properly housed, clothed, fed and trained. The secret of this lies in the fact that Maj. Gen. George Harnett, commandant of the corps, believed be-lieved in preparedness. Two months before America entered the war he ordered or-dered 50,000 pairs of shoes and 30,000 Lewis .machine guns. His purchasing system has worked smoothly and efficiently, ef-ficiently, possibly because he has had the assistance of no "dollar-a-week" civilians, whose capabilities and knowledge knowl-edge are not commensurate with their patriotism. The bureaus of construction construc-tion and repair and of engineering of the navy department also received high praise from the committee. --Es Secretary Baker and his management manage-ment of the war department are still the" objects of sharp attack and the demands de-mands for his resignation or removal increase daily. His long defense before be-fore the senate committee was the reverse re-verse of satisfactory, and there is decided de-cided diversity of opinion as to whether wheth-er or not his reorganization o bureaus will cure the evils that have infested his department. Daniel Willard told the committee the new plan was faulty in that it did not concentrate control and relied too much on voluntary effort, ef-fort, and immediately thereafter Mr. Willard resigned his post of chairman of the war industries board. It was intimated in-timated a new chairman might not be appointed pending action on the proposals pro-posals for the creation of a war supply department or administration. Can it be that Mr. Baker, deep in his pacifist soul, believes the war will come to an end before the American trnnrtc fi ro nllprl nn tn fifht nnrl rlinrn- days of fighting the bolshevik! forces had seized Irkutsk, eastern Siberia; disarming the Cossacks and military cadets. They also have occupied Orenburg. Oren-burg. Among the Interesting reports that came out of Russia was one to the effect that the former czar and his family had made their escape from Tobolsk. Another story said the former for-mer czarina has become hopelessly insane. in-sane. 3 The abandonment of the Roumanian front by the Russian troops led to a nasty little row. Roumanians arrested and disarmed several Russian regiments, regi-ments, and the Russian government at once put under arrest the Roumanian diplomats in Petrograd and threatened war on Roumania if the Russian soldiers sol-diers were not at once freed. A strong joint protest by representatives of all the allied and neutral powers brought about the release of the Roumanian diplomats. Then came an astonishing order from the bolshevik! government for the arrest of King Ferdinand of Roumania Rou-mania and his incarceration in the fortress of St. Peter and St. Paul. This was attributed to the action of the Roumanians In arresting some Austrian Aus-trian officers wdio had attempted to pass through the Roumanian lines to fraternize with the Russians. a The British labor party came to the front on Tuesday with a message to the Russian people announcing that the British people accepted the principle prin-ciple of self-determination of peoples and no annexations for the British empire, em-pire, especially in the middle East, Africa Af-rica and India. The manifesto concluded con-cluded with an appeal to the peoples of central Europe to help end the war by the defeat of militarism on both sides, and not to drive the British people, peo-ple, as they are driving the Russians, into the terrible choice between continuing con-tinuing the conflict and abandoning the only principles that can save the world. fa-There fa-There is not much to be written of fho u'ooV'c fichtlno- Ttio fijrmfln nn- order, but it had been issued after consultation con-sultation with and by direction of President Wilson and the wailers had no chance for relief save in those individual indi-vidual instances where it was necessary neces-sary to prevent injury to health or destruction de-struction of property. Another and most important angle to the situation was the enforced loss of million's of dollars in wages to workers. work-ers. Some big concerns did not deduct anything from the pay of their employees, em-ployees, but it was beyond hope that this example would be followed by any considerable number of employers. Congress, startled out of its usual deliberative calm, got into action immediately. im-mediately. The senate committee on manufacturers called Doctor Garfield before it and heard an explanation that did not explain, and the senate thereupon adopted a resolution asking that the order be delayed for five days for investigation. This Administrator Administra-tor Garfield, on advice of the president, ignored. In the house various resolutions resolu-tions were introduced, but immediate action was blocked by certain Democrats. Demo-crats. As finally issued,, the order . permitted per-mitted ship yards and essential war industries in-dustries to get coal and remain In operation during the five workless days. 1EB The metropolitan press of the country coun-try in general bitterly scored Doctor Garfield for his order and declared that it noton!y was a ghastly mistake, hut exposed to the world the utter incompetence in-competence of America to meet a condition con-dition that throughout the war has confronted the nations allied with us and yet has called for no such panicky action by any one of them. The severe winter weather which paralyzed traffic, and the extraordinary demands for fuel due to wartime conditions are cited by Doctor Garfield us the causes making necessary his order. The miners blame the railroads for the cnal shortage, and the railroads blame the "starvation policy" of the government toward them for the last generation. Store coal was mined in the United States last year than ever before, the output exceeding that of l'JIO by 10.-000,000 10.-000,000 tons of anthracite and 42.000.-i)00 42.000.-i)00 tons of bituminous. Of the output e" " " & fore is willing that adequate preparations prepara-tions for their active participation in the conflict shall be delayed? In his j review of operations in Europe he says a great German offensive is to be expected ex-pected on the west front, but he is confident con-fident that the war-worn British and French armies can withstand it. fe Fierce controversy raged throughout, the week between the German groups represented respectively by Von Luden-dorff Luden-dorff and Von Kuehlmann the pan-Germans pan-Germans and the nonannexationists. There was a report that the government govern-ment had compromised the dispute by yielding to Von Kuehlmann as to the east front, and assuring Von Ludcn-dorff Ludcn-dorff that he might grab any land on the west front that the military forces of the empire could seize and hold through the peace negotiations. But this report was unconfirmed. i Berlin stated officially on Thursday that the central powers had found the Russian proposals inacceptable, and that German and Austrian troops wotral not be withdrawn from the occupied oc-cupied territories while the war lasts. The Austro-Germans, the statement added, do not intend incorporating into their respective countries the territories ter-ritories now occupied by them. Trotzky clung to his demands for the right of self-determination for all nationalities, na-tionalities, and that princpile, supported by Lloyd-George and President Wilson, has taken its place as almost the leading lead-ing peace term of the opponents of the central powers. The German General Hoffman taunts the bolsheviki with tl; fact that they are inconsistent because they are fighting the Ukrainians, but on the other hand Lenine, Trotzky and their fellows have permitted the setting set-ting up of independent governments in various parts of Russia because the people so willed it. They have just declared, also, that their government supports the right of the Armenians in Russia and Turkey to be independent independ-ent and to decide their own destiny. The British government has so far recognized rec-ognized the bolsheviki as to establish official relations with their -minister in London. Turkestan announced its independence independ-ence on Tuesday. Petrograd announced that after ten pers were talking openly of the coming com-ing great offensive on the west front and asserted that a million more troops had been sent into France, but Von Hindenburg still delayed the blow. The activity of the aviators was notable, and the allied flying men made several successful bombing raids on German cities, Karlsruhe especially being hard hit. . In Italy the main event of the week was a surprise attack by the Italians, supported by the French, by wdiich certain cer-tain important dominating positions on Monte Asolone were wrested from the Austrians and their observation posts destroyed. On Wednesday the Austrians made a desperate attempt to recapture the lost positions. For four hours they attacked at-tacked fiercely and were stubbornly fought off, finally retiring, leaving the field covered with their dead. PS The German submarines have not been very active of late, the weekly report re-port of the British admiralty showing only six large British vessels and four smaller ones sunk. One of the sub-mersibles, sub-mersibles, however, emerged off Yarmouth Yar-mouth and shjelled that pretty English city violently. Three persons were killed. Further evidence that the submarine service is most distasteful to the German Ger-man sailors is contained In the report from Geneva of another mutiny among the submarine crews at Kiel, the German Ger-man naval base. Thirty-eight officers are said to have been killed. The number num-ber of U-boats returning to German ports is decreasing every month, according ac-cording to the Geneva correspondent. Hat-France Hat-France is in the throes of a new Caii- laux scandal, the former premier being now under arrest on a charge of treason. trea-son. The affair was brought to a crisis by Information supplied by Secretary Lansing, for it appears that Calllaux engaged in intrigues with Count von Luxburg in Argentina In 1915 and was In communication with the foreign office of-fice at Berlin with the object of concluding con-cluding peace. His plotting In Italy also has been exposed and documents seized there show he planned to make himself dictator of France and to withdraw with-draw that country from the war. j |