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Show 1 Railroad bridge near- Ufa, Russia, which was blown up by the bolsheviki, cutting the town off from the outside world. 2 German 15-inch shells about fo be exploded by the reclamation and demolition men of the American field ammunition force.. 3 Giant French searchlight on the Rhine facing the historic village of Well-nich Well-nich and the famous old Mouse castle. HEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Hungary in Grip of Bolshevism and Other Parts of Central Europe in Ferment. PEACE DELEGATES STARTLED Speed Up Work on the Treaty, Which Germans Say They Will Not Sign League of Nations Covenant Being Amended. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. Matters in Europe last week moved swiftly toward a climax. Bolshevism was gathering itself for its greatest efforts, and made a start in that way that alarmed the civilized world. It fastened its clutches on Hungary, or Et least on the government and on Budapest, tlje capital, and soviet rule was established in place of the republic repub-lic that was headed by Count Karolyi. Revolution broke out in Galicia, startling start-ling in the oil districts ; a soviet government gov-ernment was set up, the Lemberg Soviet declared a general strike, and .t'olish troops sent to combat the revolution rev-olution joined in the movement. Bes-tarabia Bes-tarabia was proclaimed a republic and fts directorate began military operations opera-tions against Roumania's army, defeating de-feating a part of it. The Bessarabian movement undoubtedly was directed by the Russian bolsheviki and support-id support-id by the Ukrainians, the idea being ?o establish communication between Moscow and Budapest by breaking through Roumania. Efforts to turn Czecho-SIovakia and German Austria Dver to the bolsheviki have been so far unsuccessful. Frank critics of the peace conference confer-ence lay the blame for much of this 'on those idealists who undertook to remodel the entire world and Ijrlng about the millennium at once instead in-stead of first making peace and permitting per-mitting the belligerent nations to resume re-sume the ordered activities of civilized civil-ized existence. That the gentlemen gathered In Paris have recognized their error Is apparent In their present haste to complete the peace treaty and have It signed. They will, according accord-ing to reports at the time of writing, Include in the treaty a formal statement state-ment concerning the league of nations, because Germany will be required by the treaty to surrender her colonies to mandatories of the proposed league, but it Is not unlikely that, the adoption of the full constitution of the league will be deferred. The first treaty, which was being considered last week by Wilson, Lloyd George, Clemenceau and Orlando, It was said, was sndlclently firm In Its terms to Insure a lasting peace, would simplify the International food problem and pave the way for Industrial and financial reconstruction. The principal princi-pal alms of the proposnls under consideration con-sideration were: (1) To Insure ample security for the future protection of France, especially on her eastern frontier; (2) to establish a strong Italy, with a formidable northern barrier bar-rier against aggression; (.')) to create a strong I'oland ; (4) to found a league of . nations pledged, on material as well as moral grounds, to the preservation preser-vation of world peace. The "big four," as they are called In I'nrls, were said to have decided to make pence with all four of the enemy Tuitions at once. This plan presents Kome di Illeull leu, one of Hie least of which Is the fact, that the United Sliites never was at war with Turkey rind Bulgaria. Most troublesome will be the fair assessment of the pre-war debts of those two nations ami of Austria-Hungary among the various Jirovlnces, and the fixing of Hie boundaries tliey must, accept. It Is believed Geriiui ny's new boundaries bound-aries have been virtually llxed by the pence dele'ntes, though no nnnoiiiiee-merit nnnoiiiiee-merit iuis been mnde. A lliiiinclnl commission Inn been" working TiimI to 'elle Hie rell ppOI'l lollllienl of Ger- I'lni'y'n public debt, Hie cpictillon of German state property In territories to be ceded by the peace treaty and the order in which the obligations of Germany shall be imposed. As for the reparation to be demanded of the Huns, the economic experts have found the amount of damage inflicted by the Germans was between $35,-. 000,000,000 and $45,000,000,000, but as this is beyond the ability of Germany to pay, the sum is being scaled down and probably will be less than $150,-000,000,000. $150,-000,000,000. If the treaty with Germany is such as it is supposed to be, Germany will refuse to sign it. Anyhow, that is what the press and many of the leaders lead-ers say. Doctor Pemburg of unsavory unsav-ory memory, declares the German people peo-ple will not accept a treaty of peace that is not inspired by impartiality, justice and a spirit of reconciliation and that does not contain a league of nations into which Germany is admitted admit-ted with full rights. Doctor Schiffer, minister of finance, says he has taken a solemn oath that the government will not surrender one inch of German territory. The Prussian national assembly assem-bly has voted against the relinquishment relinquish-ment of any of the Rhine territory, especially es-pecially the Saar basin. All over the country meetings are being held, organized or-ganized by Foreign Secretary Brock-dorff-Rantzau, to protest against an "enslaving peace." This movement, In which all factions are joining, is being used to renwaken the national spirit, and the threat of spreading bolshevism if the demands of the German Ger-man people are not met Is being used by the lenders to Intimidate the Interallied Inter-allied peace delegates. The latter, however, do not seem especially worried, wor-ried, evidently taking it for granted that Germany will have to accept any treaty they formulate. If the Germans Ger-mans do submit to bolshevism, it will be of their own free will, and mainly in spite and not because they prefer pre-fer that form of "government." With Hungary the case Is different, and It may well be that that country's coun-try's new soviet government will refuse re-fuse to sign any treaty with the allies, al-lies, If It survives. At the end of the week there were evidences that the allies were about to take decided notion no-tion against the Hungarians. The French were urging that an army be sent to occupy territory between Russia Rus-sia and Hungary, and General Mangln wns recalled from Muyence In this connection. Italian troops were reported re-ported to have occupied I'resshurg, Hungary, only ,'!5 miles from Vienna. Allied gunboats were hurriedly sent up the Danube for the purpose of protecting pro-tecting the French and British missions mis-sions In Budapest. The members of those missions are believed to have escaped safely. Bela Kun, as foreign minister, Is bossing the bolshevlst Job In Budapest, Buda-pest, and he and his associates are nationalizing everything and ordering the severest of penalties for any form of resistance. Count Karolyi Is variously vari-ously reported to be executed and In prison. The outbreak of itlie revolution revolu-tion In Hungary at. this time Is ascribed as-cribed to Hie action of the French military ndsslon In establishing a neu-Iral neu-Iral zone between Roumania and Hungary Hun-gary In a way that led the Hungarians to believe their country was about to be dismembered. The ('zecho-Slovaks, It was understood, went Into action against tin: Hungarian bolshevlsls at once, some of lielr troops having captured cap-tured ltiinh, on Hie Danube, Interrupting Interrupt-ing communication between I'.udapest and Vienna. Large Hungarian ciinnon faclorles are sllunled in Itanb. The premier of Czcclio-SlovnkIa, Dr. Karl Ki'innarsz, now In Paris, declares his counli'y Is too strong to yield to bolshevik bol-shevik Icniplnl Ions, though lie ndmlls II Is In dangerous proximity. If bolshevism- Is victorious In Russia; be predicts Hint country will liievllnbly fall under German Inlliience. Here Is a peculiar conl radlcllon of opinions. For ninny nionlhs wo have been assured Mini Hie one sure tiling Mini would check Hie spread of Hie bolshevik poison, In Itussla mid elsewhere, else-where, was fond; and consequently Mr. Hoover bus been making strenuous strenu-ous efforts to feed central Europe. Now an enterprising newspaper correspondent cor-respondent who has been long In Itus-sla Itus-sla and Is nl present In I 'el roj;rnd, writes that if the bolshevists can bring food to the hungry people there they can retain their control; that if they fail there will be another revolution. revolu-tion. Is it true, then, that hunger is the food on which bolshevism thrives? When the Hungarian revolutionists i made overtures to the people of German Ger-man Austria, the latter replied they could not adopt bolshevism because they were dependent on the allies for their food the inference being that If they were not thus dependent they also would set up a soviet government. govern-ment. Another contradiction is to be found in the stories that come of conditions in Russia. American commissioners, and most of the press reports, have led us to believe that there was little to be found there but murder, anarchy, anar-chy, riot and starvation. Agents of the French government returning from Russia report that wholesale massacres massa-cres have ceased generally, that order prevails and industries are being resumed. re-sumed. It is said that even the railroads rail-roads are returning to something like normal service, trains being run between be-tween Moscow and Petrograd on scheduled time. Conservative influences influ-ences are making themselves manifest in every direction In Russia, it is said, and officials in power appear to realize real-ize the necessity of recognizing Individual Indi-vidual rights to property In order to maintain their authority. ' A bolshevik commissioner told the correspondent mentioned above that if the allies would withdraw their support sup-port from those who are opposing the soviet government the civil wars would end In thirty days, the granaries gran-aries of Siberia would be opened, the army demobilized, the factories started start-ed again -uid the present want and misery ended. Dispatches from Paris Indicate that the allied peace delegates are slowly changing their opinion concerning the Russian situation, though not In the least minimizing the threat of bolshevism bol-shevism to the rest of the world. Stephen Plchon, foreign minister, told the French chamber of deputies that the policy of the allies In Russia was not "war" but a "pacifying" policy and designed to save Russia from the grip of Germany. The league of nations commission, with President Wilson In the chair, completed lis consideration of the covenant of the league Wednesday night. It wns turned over to a drafting draft-ing committee which was to go over It carefully nnd return It In the commission com-mission for final consideration before It was reported to the executive commit com-mit lee of the peace conference. Many proposed amendments to the original plan were considered, Including seven suggested by Charles E. Hughes nnd those drafled by former President Tuft. It wns understood that Mr. Wilson Wil-son bad deferred the presentation of amendments safeguarding Hie Monroe doctrine nnd exempting domestic questions' from the league's jurisdiction. jurisdic-tion. No amendment bus been Incorporated Incor-porated that spoclllcally meets Hie demands de-mands of Japan for recognition of tho equality of nationals. Among the amendments adopted was one providing Hint the olllces of the league are open to women as well as to men, and one permitting the withdrawal with-drawal of a member on two years' notice, but not until such member has tilled Its International obliga I ions. The Industrial sit mil Ion In Great P.iilnlu has been greatly alleviated by Hie report of the conimllle.e appointed appoint-ed by the Industrial conference that: met Inst February, consisting of thirty employers and thirty trades unionists. The conimlllee recommends that, a legal maximum working week of -tS hours be established, that, systematic overtime lie discouraged and Unit legal lime wage rales of universal applicability ap-plicability be llxed. Tii meet the problem prob-lem of iineniploymenl anil the care of Hie unemployed, It suggests slate development de-velopment of new Industries, Hie raising rais-ing of Hie age limit for child labor, more generous nick beiiellls and old age pensions. A national Industrial council of 400, and a standing coin- mill if ,'iO are proposed. II Is be- llevid tills plan, possibly with inoillll-ealloiis, inoillll-ealloiis, will lie adopted by the government. |