Show tit r rs Vim s r L Jae kW 7 vw rr e IlL By EDWARD EDVARD EMERINE EI Features A l TOP the magnificent N Nebraska Nebraska Ne Ne- c- c braska capitol stands a figure in bronze The It is the symbol of Nebraska and its faith faith faith-faith faith in the plains in the soil in nature Nebraska Is the abode of the sow sow- er The seeds arc are sown the plants nurtured the harvest garnered In war var or peace food tood Is first on Nebraska's long production line from rom Wyoming In the west to the MissourI river on the east Its cornfields corn cornfields fields elds its grain lands Its rows of sugar ugar beets Its ranges where cattle cate cattle cat- cat tle e feed teed on native grasses grasses from from these icse come the foods that add to this his nations nation's greatness and the welfare welfare wel- wel fare are of men everywhere Orchards gardens fields and ranges are Nebraska's Nebraska's Ne- Ne braskas braska's wealth and the top soil son its source of well The plains with nature as the ower were the camping and hunting hunting hunt- hunt ing ng grounds of seven tribes tribe of In- In ians The Otoes the the Pawnees the the Sioux the and the hunted hunted hunt- hunt ed d the shaggy buffalo the fleet antelope antelope ante- ante lope ope the deer and other game which had lad grown fat tat on the abundant fare provided by bythe the prairies and streams The Otoe Indians called the region which means flat water water wa- wa ter er and referred to the long wide and nd shallow Platte river Battle Battleground round of Indians Tribe attacked tribe fighting for this greatest of hunting grounds The last great battle was fought between between be- be tween the Sioux and the Pawnees at t Massacre canyon near Stanton In n 1873 There were around Indians living in Nebraska and their chief occupation was hunting Some of them however practiced 0 lr 1 a mum GOV DWIGHT P. P GRISWOLD Gov Dwight Palmer Griswold was born at Harrison Sioux Co Neb in 1893 Ills HIs parents were pi pioneers pioneers pioneers pi- pi there lie He graduated train from Nebraska university In 1914 He lIe served or on the Mexican border as a aser ser sergeant In 1916 and as a first lieutenant lieutenant lieu lIeu- tenant and captain in World War I. I lIe He was first a banker then newspaper newspaper news news- paper publisher before becoming governor in 1940 1910 He lIe has been reelected re- re elected twice His home is Gordon Neb of Columbus The Mallet brothers with a party of eight Frenchmen named the Platte river and traveled traveled traveled trav trav- nearly the entire length of the state in 1839 Spain France and England all claimed the Nebraska plains at nt different different dif dU- dif dif- ferent times In 1769 France ceded all of her claims to the area west of the Mississippi to Spain but in v rf-r rf r r SM f ih a Mfr T r i 4 4 a t r s a i Y m M 1 Y 6 I NEBRASKA SOD HOUSE DOUSE This picture taken In 1886 shows how a atypical atypical atypical typical homesteader west of oC Broken Bow solved his housing problem The modern electrified farm homes now v found In Nebraska contrast strangely with this primitive structure primitive agriculture between wars Many Indian braves Including Spotted Spotted Spotted Spot Spot- I ted Horse are buried in Fort McPherson McPherson McPherson Mc- Mc Pherson cemetery while others lie lien in n Pawnee battlefield The names of Yellow Hand Crazy Horse Red Cloud Sitting Bull and others remain remain remain re re- re- re main a part of Nebraska's tradition tradition tradition tion and lore Francesco Vasquez Coronado and his ils party of ot 30 Spanish cavalry were the first white men to visit ka That was in 1541 French fur traders and trappers began to venture venture venture ven ven- ture up the Missouri river about 1700 A Spanish expedition under Capt Pedro de Villasur reached the region about 1720 and was promptly prompt prompt- ly massacred near the present site 1801 Napoleon bought it back Thomas Jefferson in hi 1803 purchased purchased purchased pur pur- chased Nebraska from the Little Corporal Lewis and Clark commanded the first expedition to Nebraska 1804 1806 The Hunt party of skirted the Nebraska region In 1811 on their way to Oregon Seven of them ret returned ned the next year finding finding finding find find- ing their way across the vast region region region re re- re- re gion by following the Platte river to where it joins the Missouri Major Major Major Ma Ma- jor Long with a party of 20 men in 1819 traveled from the Missouri up the Platte to the headwaters of its south fork near Denver From 1807 to 1820 Manuel Lisa became the leading fur trader and explorer of military military mili mili- military the Nebraska region The first established established established tary post was Fort Atkinson in 1819 French traders and trappers hunters of the buffalo soldiers and adventurers began to wear deep trails traUs in the grass The Indian tribes resented the white man There Ther was unrest and battles and massa massa- cres Blood stained the prairie grass curdling Blood-curdling war cries inthe inthe in inthe the night drove fear into the hearts of strong men Westward Hoi no Rich land In Oregon Gold in Cali Call fornia Nebraska became the highway highway highway high high- way of an expanding restless imaginative adventurous nation Nebraska Nebraska- Westward across the course of empire wended its way From Independence and St. St Joseph Joseph Joseph Jo Jo- seph came the covered wagons of the Oregon Trail seekers Gold-seekers came cameto to Join them and men heard of the California Trail The Mormons under under un un- der Brigham Young camped uneasily one winter near Omaha then struck out boldly the next spring to mark the Mormon Trail Intrepid riders ct 1 s1 1 v tr CHIMNEY ROCK Near Bayard Neb one of the noted landmarks on the old Oregon Trail lashed their horses from SL St Joseph to Sacramento and the Pony Express Express Express Ex Ex- Ex- Ex press was born with of its weary miles mUes through Nebraska Stagecoaches Stagecoaches Stagecoaches Stage Stage- coaches traveled the Overland Trail through Nebraska and the Union Pacific struck out boldly from Omaha toward the Pacific In 1865 The Western Unions Union's telegraph poles were often cut down by Nebraska Indians The beckoned and men came with plows that bit into the grassroots Nebraska was organized as a territory in hi 1854 and became a state on March 1 1 1867 Lincoln named for the Great Emancipator was made the capital Nebraska became became became be be- came known as the Tree Planters Planter's State for those hardy pioneers soon set out windbreaks shade trees and orchards The home of J. J Sterling Morton founder of Arbor day stands today as a monument monument monument ment to his Ws outstanding work In Nebraska's early making home days Cattle Ranching Comes The buffalo were replaced by cattle cattle cattle cat cat- tle and on the open range thousands thousands thou thou- sands of cattle from Texas were fed and fa fattened One of the most picturesque periods of Nebraska history was that of the cowboy from 1867 to 1887 Enclosed ranches and mixed farming came next but the famous old cow towns of Schuyler North Platte Kearney and Ogallala la will never be forgotten Their modern equivalents are Broken Broke Bow Burwell Alliance and Val Val- entine The epic struggle between the cattlemen and the homesteaders homestead homestead- ers is recorded in hi Old OId Jules Jul by Marl Mari Sandoz The planted good seed In good earth From that day in 1833 when Moses Merrill and his wife settled at Bellvue and established the first mission school The has blessed Nebraska |