Show : - — 3 3 ' ' I r 4 Sunday Morning -) r'3 '' rkl 9 - I 12 Tii Li 1 i' : 1 r--- r--- I 7-- j U ':: Li - -3 ) - : i t 1 ' 7Z n (ei i r- J - rJ1 cA I -- - t '' i — 7-1----- 1 ''"-----"---- t1 - r r I i t i I l 4 t 4" 1 I ' i' r°11 I '1 c - t 11 1 t - 1 I I t t t -4 '- rg-' V i ilt g" 4 ''t --'- t 4 1 '''''' 1 1 tit I S 1 )- 1 -- -- - I '' 0N7r I i ‘UL ' i f 1-- N:k c 4t ps " k r4 g i -- '4- 4- '''' - L- I - Jr" P - -- -- -- : ' r ' - iJ :: A LIVINGSTON had eery- to live I'm lust eighteen was pretty as a picture the beloved of a deeply devoted family a RMI better than average student and—what Iis to a youngster of high school age—she was extremely popular among her fellow students Yet today by her own hand Ruth Livingston is dead And revelation of which electrified the the tragedy suburban township of White Plains N Y has been rendered doubly shockting by it motive Ruth Livingston committed suicide tbecause she believed her younger sister was going to be blackballed by a high tschool sorority! That her death and the manner of it should deeply affect the lives of all those about her her family friends teahers and even the parents of her fellow students goes without saying But there isa broader question involved a question which affects thousands of students in similar positions and one which involves the whole problem- of the fraternity and the sorority—par- - 1 z 1 i - 1 '' VAVtkA '''N ft' '' 4 izo t :4 3k f 1 gt la 7 '' V i 'V C t ( 4'S:0704 'i 1 4 ( - - - !: - - ' - -- 4 - - -' ":: ' ' ' - - - - - ' -- z th - 4 iri'7"'IN'A)077'?Y''' - - -- 7 t t414 1 r tp ? c-Alterw- t liri al- 1(11 II -- 17z2 i? 1 $ a ii -- -- - " i' 44 r t 94 1--- 104 riV 01 4 ''''t : 'tit 3 i 1 ':: r - -- ' : e-- - i - 0112! 'A "Al 'i T -- 1 I' : N 4 d i: - - 14 'I' -- ' A!- ' 15 4 1 t "INtt t '' " 4: - 1 t ‘ t I 4:' d ? 4" ' ' s:§ ' - :4 V :V' i 1 3! f (1 - - '' i A '''4 ' t i 1'- i i A 1 4 f I 4 i o' ' !"- I: - : 141 r k - : - ' t - i -- 1 '- - '--' I e: - f ' - i : --' I ' i:1' 'F'' k ' Pi 1 - i - 11 '1 ' :g: :" :I :s:: ' - - 'il'!- - i 414444r 1 '''' - - ' I k ''''- - f - ' -- - '''' 'N44 - i '''' k" - e - t - -- 0 ' '4-' J t cAeN v - - ' - - t - t - - - -?- - '' A '' t CI T 4 -4 4 i 4 ( ''' 'iZg ' - la ' : t t ff ':' 4 1 :' - A )(1 a - - 4f t- " i ) - ' ' 1 Ir - 1 - i4 - '''': ''is 1' ii 4 - 1 - ‘ t Pretty Iuth Livingston whose photograph according to Dr- - Garrett reveals a sensitive and introMpective personality- So brooded over the possibility that her sister was about to be blackballed by the Ptorority of which she herself Wit a member that she shot and killed herself The Livingston tragedy bas provoked a widespread boys and girls who suffer keenly when excluded trona membership Investigation into the "secret society" as It Is known among teen-ag- e - 1 The' psychologist finds that while ie:777 itself harmful n it Is not especially f Creaction to exclusion the teen-ag- e 1 which renders the secret society a V evil potential and often menacing From c4 I II f''''r --' "-tiPi e Of ' 'fittp4:3Cr4aN ts 1 V N N v (' ‘t77V P - ' l'f‘OP' I ' ' t'‘'NN"')NN4‘:Y Vli"ki: N''‘ '1 ' 'I' skV f ik::' t e -: 6 "14"' 11)4 -r j''' 102) ( 4r t ' i ' 'I 'I t k t tl h 14 1' : I I 1 7 1 1 ritir 7 ' —A- ''': ' '1' ''::i: i I dr- i ''tql1- - lailble 11) 1 "Wilt j( ' ormeeilli‘a t itti '' - 1 4 f ' ' kV 1 4fr 1‘:- -- i ! 1 0 4tha'''° 54401A 4 earliest years boys express an Instinct for secret organization banding themselves into groups of "pirates" "outlaws" "bandits" etc but st is not until the younggirl reaches adolescence that she becomes intrigued with the mysteries of the "secret society"—and craves membership -r 7'''' -- inferiority which may last for years or which they never outgrow It gives them a feeling of resentment of frus' - ' N k tration "Why shouldn't I he in when ' L7241t : —Tr— Jane and 'Susan are?" iis the feeling ' ' ef 4ts f ( ( ' ( they have And the trouble is that it 14(--- the naturally 1e1 I 7 r ri ixsernteedarltyyraelwv‘-ahyo41i:N7 f'11had been is omitted from the t 1 ''''' I ' ' ''' 1 t V SS Ruth that the result would be "No" charmed cirle That is all the worse ' ''Afril i' t 1 l''' ' AZ 4: In her unstable emotional state this I ' I for one of the temperament of youthful 'i 1 ' st r74) I s‘ ketiV------ANRuth Livingston pri3red a veritable bomb-sheParents: all over the country would her tragic death was and It exploded To rem9ve the sting of the "blackball" Dr Garrett advocates more democracy do well to cooperate with educators in result the IIn frafrrnitien with wider membership and varying degrees of membership In It Memberships in sororities is a vitally remedying this harmful condition this way he says even though a student may never reacti the "inner factor in the lives of many will probably be impossible to do away important circle" as a member at least he would have the satisfaction of "belonging" h matwith fraternities and sororities entirely girls today It Is ter withthem whether they are elected and perhaps we should not do so but such organizations if they continue to the manner of combing the hair the to membership within them or not of life Curiously enough it is only the exist should certainly be made more those eyes all indicate an introspective or in- - However High School students themold who are afraid of death g of personality one selves agree that such secret societies open and democratic more open 'to lives and their lived have type already whowho st of several nt times for fiA one so certaincf it that while sorrows such student affronts over and brood to would One think s membership degrees expressed "pu hap been outgrown certain students may never be encted ly get a kicking around when you are that they were the ones who would fear more deeply than others It was to the "Inner Circle" they can at least a sophomore If you don't get a pledge the least but it is not so Youth cause of this temperament of hers become a member of some "outer The girls out of the sororities are has a reckless abandon and values life doubtless that she reacted so violently tothe shock of the bad news which she just as smart RS the ones in but it circle" and in this way feel that they very lightly This is shown in every- -fell had come to her are a part of the organization This hurts you not to get a bid" thing from automobile driving to skiunderwould do much to remove the sting and is all is Now this fretted natural evidence Ruth life that There jumping They think about living to failure to belong to such an becomes attached a but it to of- that of over her sister standable the because and point less blackballing probably far morbid and unwholesome when carried Bernice a year ago Unknown to her-O- f can terminate it more easily organizatoin There is an added factor today which course it is possible that Ruth self she thought and worried about too far And there is evidence that the sosm: be taken into consideration - must secret of recesses influence in these and the some or this inner had power deep continuously grief Livingston that of the unavoidable shock to the cieties is carried too far in our modern row of her own which she did not corn- - of her subconscious mind This constant Initiamind of under war condi- alid universities municate to anyone and that the black- - resentment and worry doubtless are anx- tions been such has so she tion Educators into her ered vital was that last everywhere "the organizations sister her energies of only dOes reacand the worried or and down bus toned not came concerning in a long series of emotional upprobably today consciously fatigued again the initiates little harm but it very tions of their young people and the visibly but in the cells of her nervous heavals Judged by her photograph system Accompanying this fatigue a often does much harm to those who are effect this war will have upon the menshe was very young for her age that not included It gives them a sense of tal attitudes of the adults of tomorrow certain mental and emotional instabil The shape of her face is immature ktg11' Np e05 '1e4 -' '- 11 N -il ' - r 1 - 2- -- - - k(V1 A l'!-:!- It 11(1 i CN ‘ If any extra ity is always present shock comes along at such a time it is liable to cause serious disturbances In Puth's case that shock Nvas the threatened blackballing of her youngest sister Phyllis age 15 whose name within a ifne tl rndaye :I tt wbe'aspatsose cd'lmone uIpt - s 1: ' y1 1 4 4 k ' u 1 -- 4 ------- '6' 4 4 - 4)6 - I - 1 4e "OAP tlzr 10741f N - e - 1? f:A 4 I - 41' - ' ' ' - t ''''' 1 t'''741b' ' -sl ) 't ''''4- c I II 4 4-t‘- 1 S alf----q- e I 1 I ! s co) ni:--:"A- A- ll sskell alife-and-deat- ward-turnin- 77: Nft) '' 'Z- r74 'A4ogrsiplook4 - i i ilebehierhsi 1 - t ! 1 : - a i (( ' A " 11 2 ‘i high-schoo- i ' young--peopl- ls be-stra- World flights Reserved by King IreAtures Syndirate Inc A ''0''' r- 1::::::::::3 - - 7- : q - k 1 At the behest of parents and educators many high schools Lave already banned secret societies because of harm resulting from initiation rites But to the in such an organization is worth any amount seroge girl or boy membership of embarrassment or foolhardy risk which s ich rites may involle 1 3 ':1034:::-:- 4 — - ':er 3 low-balli- k :" :ti ' I he-dea- th 74 cr ''' ' i 10 el' ' 1 410: -' - "1:t t rt - 4 las' '- 3 ! ' 4- ' y ? ? -- I - -- - - ' - 4 ‘4 : r IN - e totsti Ilt :!: ' ir ' t :: 'erl '" - '''''$ '':!-- :' 1 it4) '5'' r '4w ' " - ' o - ? ' - r 1 4 10 t ''l - - V 4' i - ' 01 c - VI 4i It l T ' 4 47 A - ii : - ' c0 '1i i 1 1Kitlit f r rl ‘l t I -- I ''' 'r t 1021 - -- - -7° ig- ° 3 i - - 4i 6 '''' ''' :'' ::::-:-:::::-:- : i : are - ' k ---- ' - 1 :' y ':i ' t "A '-' sn''''''' : ' ' ' :' i1''C(t47-W:Z414'-4- '''' --: 41 k) — i a it're ' 4 :::::: s''' 0 on t T t " - 1: 'N z- - take her own life It is very rarely that an indirect and impersonal cause such as this leads to suicide Nearly always it is because of something which has happened to one's self or something which might happen It is rarely because of the troubles of others The nearest approach to this emotional disturbance that tragedy sults? For in cases such as this there perhaps is the case of the man who is always profound emotional disturbvoluntarily ends his own life so that his ance involved People don't end their family may reari the benefits of his life insurance But in this case he seeks to lives for nothing! benefit his family because of his As a consulting psychologist I have sacrifice so that even there the case is come into contact with many persons different Seemingly Ruth must have suffering from severe depression and loved her sisters very much to have melancholia and in many of the cases rendered such a tragedy possible that I have found after deep probing There Is a certain air of mystery surthe root of the trouble led far back' Ususchool Into forgotten high rounding every secret organization days which doubtless adds its lure and atally the patient himself was unaware traction Small boys will form them- of the real cause of his depression but selves into secret groups such as ban- examination revealed that a teen-ag- e dits outlaws pirates and so on and rebuff such as having been blackballed menwhile it is probably true that smaller a created has secret a society by tal condition which the years could not girls do not organize to the same deerase The actual rebuff may have gree it la evident that a few years later they take their sororities very been forgotten but the buried complex' was there Just the same eventually reseriously In childhood or during adolescence sulting in a set of symptoms requiring the so called formative years hurts and definite treatment Personally I am opposed to secret slights are keenly felt A remark for societies—not because of the societies Instance which in later life would be themselves mind you but because I turned aside or laughed at might make have seen so many evidences of the a deep and lasting impression at a younger age Young boys and girls are 113t1ng harm which ineligibility has societies Such apparabout extremely sensitive and their emotions brought are dominate their lives more completely ently have too much power they taken too seriously by students and an- than do the emotions of older people Furthermore youth is very careless artificial value placed upon member- t t1 '' '''' : ::: -- concerned Are- such organizations beneficial? Or should they be banned? Why are they 'taken so seriously by boys and girls? And how can "belonging" or "not belonging" create such profound re- la' t is: '' ' tlo A 'ks7f! - ' - I ! - - - 7 ) ' ' 4: of With maturity comes the ability to accept Fffights and rebuffs with a hi the shoulder but to the sensitive girl—or boy—of teen age exclusion from one "charmed circle" or another inevitably leads to heartache and bitter tears and frequently as in the case of Ruth Livingston to tragedy ticularly where mere yoUngsters ' 3: ' 'I' :it "'"'"4 i'-4- 9 -- " ' I :::':: ':' k ''''''' - : 4 ont- - ::::: ' ' 4 - CI' 1 ‘ tt' ' 4 '''4 ' i g 7: - " ) w '16301:41A72I g4 :: i k ' 4N411Roztomr 90- 0" ' L:' :2' ' ' ''' ''''''''- - ''- '' : ': Iv ':y? ': f I ‘ X' ' ' '4 k ' :— " ' 4 ' 1" 41f 'T ' " - i t'l J -- -- 4 ' ' - ' to'ft107:"--lee-11'1:e' 1:1:' ' ' 11 alifAir 4t- -— qa ate Apr ''' - k ' 111 : -- wt -- r Ilk - '7'''''' Z-- f '1'-- 1 - ' ' '' ''''''' r '4':' - :: :: I f 1 ' -- -' t4 -- ' ' : 7 t1--1 C-- () 1 - 44" dkA :i 41 ' ' 4t e ota t ii: ''4' ‘ ' ' ' :1-! ‘ ''''t ' i ‘!si:L:t 44'"'t 1'''' 1: i: -- ' Even for members there have such as tragic consequences physical or psychological harm following severe initiation rites—and many schools have already banned such societies as a result Basically the secret society tries to set up false standards of superiority and in the case of Ruth Livingston these false notions cost her her life It has been shown that aside from her keen feelings regarding the importance of membership in the group to which she belonged she was normal in every resPect and only her fear of her sister's failure to get a bid impelled her to i ' ' ' ''' - been ! ' t ness I 4 '11‘:1:-?:'11'''''':-1- :: 4 e 1 rp t Of course there is an element of exin being citement of stimulation elected to a secret organization of any kind The Idea underlying these school societres however is not a healthy one strfce it puts a premium upon snobbish- N I '' --- --- 1 ' ' ::" '':'''' t often I ' 1 ' '11''::"::'':'':l:: — — : I ' ship in them The desire to become a member is quite natural of course but It is my contention that such organizations should be forced to become more democratic and open in their methods both dtoring initiation and afterwards If the3 are not the tragedy of Ruth Livingston may be repeated all too (Consulting Psychologist) ''' ::: ? g : 4 ''' 1: ‘ - ) : : :1'''::' f ' ::: t (41 i 0- '' --"t-- ' 11 '' '''$ 1 At :' -'' :': 4:"'::-'- " ' ' ' :'::: (''':'-- '' i4P ''''''It'1' i:i 4 ' j14------?:' ' '' § t - :v 4'1"" 7 lie 31 ili ---: - ' 'k 4 ''44s1 I r i ir : :: :: 7 1-- 1)10':' At-17:- ?-' --! pi---- - By Dr Thomas L Garrett : :'' ' - (-- ' ': ' '1 - '7'"' fl I it )) :':':i::-1:::::- e t 1 11 "' — ti t''' :: - I 1t - ''''' Ol'''''' 1-- The social factors involved are primarily responsible for youth's frantic desire to join a sorority—or a fraternity But according to a psychologist it Is also the element of mystery connected with a "secret society" which causes too many boys and girls to place undue emphasis upon membership r ' ' 0' t iii0 ' so- - z 4b - -- - 4414 : :ik ) :' 1 ?:-- : t 31 4 - i ( 1 ks't"4 ' 41A 1 1 mu - ie3"r---- ' t 1 fif'''''- --- &t ''''''''' I7 1 :: I 1 IS s "''' 2 1t'''Jt''-k- 445 ' ' f e i ''' '''''''''' - i i I t 4 ' 1 4 I i 4—4sgo r'ti I 4:7--- -i' IN " Sf 1i ‘7' ' l ri i I - --- 7: 44 4''' 6y : k-:- LI ‘ -- i it'''''y ‘ f ‘''??0:lai i --'N- 1 i 1 4 - I I (4 3i F rr ' 41 n tc--) 8 41 'ik 4 1 I I 4 it 1 -- r 7 I i 1 ' s i 7'':' - ' k 4'''''' ' It 04-:-:eJAN 1 4 r 4 - : - - J '1 i 1-- - i --' 1 ' IN I I 1 I i 1 0 i i 1 I i t 4- n1111 t 3 1! i i f Li 1 4 1 A 1 :i i t I ' ' l i'' I ' in tlyt t ' 1 g II ta I i C 1 ' i g ' 1 I '''''''''''''''''Prtg ‘? ren 1"' 4 1 "4 -' 4 Lzt Li Li t ' : - - ' : 5 ''''' 4 " " r 1 1: -- ' L - 1 - : i 11 1 1 ' 1 i o - i t '' Li t 11 -1 trl 1912 March 29 Zbc 5a1t 1Zakr ZribUnt a - ' 4 I |