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' ''' ' ' - II : - " tf t I 0-- Pif 4046144h is 1 -- t t- I - " -- h's' c)--- 1 Agovel A - mimffolimmOlosromeolo ' ' ' ' ' ' - i t ' ' 4 I k 1 i ' - ) Nt t I 11 oct II '1 I 1 i - kV' ay -1 () I -1 -- (11" ) - i ' This 'Oast by 1 --- ft fr S - ' 7- : ud :1 innommon'-ancient dictator - ' 11 14 I attempted to ClasSiCa destroying the t letir‘i' sir'el:r1 at' ' I- - K n rnktniacnftadimonroseut : t etihne-- p 1 To giikrd his domain against other invacteris !the Emperor began and a single decade one completed k z :s Nt of the T - 1 14" ' - 4nile e v&iilr4ters of the world—the harry': of the Great Wall an undiTtaking comparable 500- It was tobtzt of far greatir difficulty than the modern : Construction of a Siegfried Line As Hitler has built his much-toute- d Autobahoten d'0-for the convenience of 'N ''''Pd "41oles J military traffic so this ancient FUehrer reconstructed the Chineseroads L- -Before his time they had varied r--' greatly A the widths of the wheel ruts (litte the varying railway gauges of modern 'Europe) to Prince Chuang t When bitter local opposition to this progparn arose it was like all other oppositioa to the emperor's plans are not It is here that the parallel summarily crushed in true Hitlerian between the two dictators becomes fashior0 most striking When :Shih Huang Ti had succeeded 111BANWHILE the nation itself had to the throne of Ch'in his first step 4'1- been divided into 36 administrawas to effect a continental anschluas tive pritvinces—like the Gaiten of the by hiaking himself—sword in hand— Third 114tich agents master of all the adjoining states For —like Hitler's Gauleiters—were 10 Crowded years thereafter the conpointed t direct local affairs in each quered Peoples were to be ruled by province the First Universal Emperor's word furthermore Into Ills machine alone Like it or not the bickering a police army there synchronized province were to be hammered into ' which anticipated Himmler's spying one strong nation Cestirpo '&3r:two millenniums Units in A: powerful central government tlependeni pi all civil authorities were set up evwhere buttressed by the last word in military defense and Internal conformity was - Nor Wtis the emperor without his the keynbte of Shih Huang's plan as Goebbcisi- 'He was Li Ssu the legalit I t Hitler's The Means he took istic prinie minister who set about to reach his goal might have been turning Ale varying Chinese scripts— taken almost word for word out of as differeAC from each other as Dutch - c - - ! State-controll- ed - 7 - i r German Danish and Norwegian—intc a uniform language that could be read and understood throughout China and ruthless thoroughness proved to be paralyzing innovations that' turned morale 'to water Yet though all this took place more than 20 centuries ago there were long and fruitful traditions in China even them: The scholars guardians of these venerable traditions were staunchly opposed to dictated change Such protests were of course stridently displeasing to the Exalted Ear: That ear pricked with eagerness when the resourceful Li Ssu suggested a surgical degree aimed to cut out the heart of China's offending past Throughout the land advised' the propaganda minister the iniquitous books—the classics and emphatically the works of tolerant 'men like Confucius—should be destroyed When these pillars of the past 'were gone the emperor would be able to mold the : people as he wished To him it seemed simple enough to burn books to smash symbolic works of art and religion Yet there were Thomas Manns in those days too—' men who refused to submit their be- Bets or the symbols of those beliefs to with S - SPEED - CIA - : - r" t A emtmek er t ' ''''i I e - 1 ''‘ - ? - 1 A Gi - v 4 1 - ' - - --- - - - ' - - --- Cs - 8 - I- J- 1 1 1- ‘' IV '- e ) (1 64k4 - 0 I ( ' - L - j 1w (4(b: - ' 11 I I 1 kb) - 3' ( t 411 I - '°--- ' 0 si - ' 1 ' r's -- i ''''r 1 I - ' r too- - I - k k N: ‘'- ' 4 a- -a ' ' -- I 1 : 0—' - ' I ° '''' 4' - or lit i 4 --do 1 ' ' -- - J' ‘ strived to uproot and destroy evay ge r:material spiritual manifestation ''k' that might feed such opposition not I i — only in his own time -but for centuries --to come? it ‘ l '" Certainly Napoleon often comparid ' t iiiio ' to Hitler was not similar in these tee 7s I 1 I Jr- c spects 'Indeed comparing Hitler to InOSt of the historical figures might re- suit in certaincasual coincidences but little more k ) Yet there was such a Man In AO ‘k -troubled centuries he more than any i 'N It97 other stands as a remarkable proto- 7ft"-type of Hitler (A)) k ' LTHOUGH Hitler's spiritual an- - ' ' ) C cestor was born Prince Cheng of ‘09P the little kingdom of Ch'in he is bet- ter known to history as Shih Huang ' ' — TI builder of the Great Wall Burner 'S:) trt6 ( (10110 4 of the Books and the founder of the Chinese nation Unlike most Chinese—and most ' i lila mother was a Austrians—Shih Huang Ti was a WI- have girl the gift of a traveling merchant Dant organizer Obsessed by a great he matched his individual plan A: was born soon afterward as his OW11 strength against a thousand years of ' explanation for Much of his aggressive tradition in the interests of his "new conduct as a man4 They tell us that rightful heir order!' Yet even this backdoor claim to Germany's Fuehrer Was born in a ' - The China of his day (like the backward interbred district of Cenroyal standing was never able to win tral Europe His 2nother had been a for Shih Huang Ti the respect of race-prorope of our own) was composed of number of mutually hostile states servant in his father's house while men in the nearby kingdoms Each bad its own-ruland army its the father was 'still married to anThose men had long despised every Individual custoini manners and tra- - other woman The father himself Inhabitant of the little western state ditions who 'became a drunkard was of illeas a blundering yokel much as in our The men of Ch'in Wei Chao time north Teutons are inclined to gitimate birth Yen Ch'i and Han spoke different: It is illuminating to find that Chi- - sneer at Austrians of the border provnese historians: have branded Shi inces tongues wrote in varying scripts arid It seems quite probable therefore enjoyed the pursuit of art and educii- -' Huang Ti with a similar stigma of lion according to their individual 'base birth His teal lather to they that the Chinaman of destiny rode to tastes Even the stupidities of the say was not Chtiang! Hsiang- Wang power on the back of an inferiority people took on local color as one heir to the throne of Ch'in but one complex—much as Hitler has done crossed the borders from one state to Lu Pti-w- ei a traveling merchant His another mother a beautiful slave girl had been CONCLCONCLUSIONS of this sort are of Yet it was Shih Huang's formidabie' Lu's concubine before the latter made partially a matter of guessa present of her to Prince Chuang plan to effectthrough force of arms work But a man's acts set down- in propaganda and social and political True Chuang re0ognited her son who the chronicle i for all to see and jedge ' ' ' - good gov- - ' - (c f'J ir-- ---'-: 16 - : - - tt : ' 7) 0 7 i - 1 I - 'y''''') ' ' ( ' have other Individuals in worlds history tried to Change the habits to' tear out fundamental ways ot thought from ' entire nations within a singlei generation? Has there ever been ii dictator whd )) b ' -- 4( 4 0 - C:' A 1 '' '1' 3' 40' - - I '''''' - '' i' '' : P ' - '' : ' ' ' - Is Hitler the firsi to combine thfi force'of arms with the subtle methods ' ) t N17 — J ' x- - details often take rTNIMPORTANT on an unexpected significance when viewed within the framework of The circumpicture stances of one man's childhood have sometimes beeri known to influence the entire course of history? So it seems to have been with both these men Modern reporters have seen: in Hit- ler's dismal background and youth an t -- to 111 b --- i - ff1"'''''' - ' - ' ' - '''' LA a with him f - - ! 7 "s — completed -- "' ' ernment cannot thrive" he once de- - : clared In this Hitler certainly agrees - ''''''' ri F - - If masters ' s - ' t': 9 complete unification of these peoples lie faced them armed with his solitary' but fanatical will : e': - ' " Ai) ' - - - I 06 -' c olo ''''i'' --- -A - - 0A ' : t ' i - ''- ' - ' i' IlaVe other men 6e 1o 4 i - -- - - By DOUGLAS RIGBY tnro: him sought not mere mili: Fa tary domination but a total world revolution based upon the corn- plete reversal of long established political and social trends the amputation of certain bald human characteristics arid de: a - i like Adolf tYrafit'iluite - " g' - - --- - !i 4 ) AS 'there ever been i ' i - - - '''' - --- Nmo''' - - '' 1 4 (Alt - - i' ' - ''''''P'! 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I i I - '' I : ' 4 !0: i -- 1 ' - !& - - I i - ''' ' F '- '9 ‘- I ! 6 1911SUNDAY1'JULY ' - 1 - 11 eir 1:11:-1-1 - i : L - i0 Te-IT 1 7 ‘ I- '! 4 A! 61tlear- - - imm- : 1 i e - ' 'A ' i! 9 ' tv - dr i r 1 -- 1 I it - 141 - lc : :- - tyranny Evading the royal edict which corn manded them to bring their treasures to the bonfire 460 scholars and devoted collectors were tortured and killed Others went to a more lingering death ao laborers on the Great Wall But before Shih Huang's Gestapo could ferret out all the'offenders many historic objects had been safely- buried from the purge - THERE are some students who credil Shih 'Huang Ti with accomplishments of merit They say that only by destroying the opposition coin' pletely could he have carried out his program of reform So HitIer's apologists also argue Whatever the true afros of such sys- tems may prove to be however we know that they missed their mark in the third century B C Shih Huang Ti did not succeed either by torture or propaganda- in stamping out' the' beliefs and traditions of his people When he died the hidden relics were carried in triumph to their se- customed places Surviving scholar( with phenomenal memories undid a good deal of the harm done by Li Sou's hungry bohfires These Men were able to recall and rewrite with partial accuracy at least whole vol untes of the destroyed literature Shih Huang's great plan failed be cause it neglected to take into account obs that human obstinacp-perver- se slinacy the dictatorial Ireformer calls it—clings to accustomed ways of thought and action particularly when those ways have been the ways of free choice In this respect Ili 'Hitler himself may learn human nature has not changed at all since the days of Shill Huang Ti - 1 |