Show V Sunday Morning- - The - u Strikes Receive Major Share of Blame For Defense Delays Survey Showsj I ' 5 j Progress Fails To Satisfy f Many Voters i By Dr Gori Gallup Director American Institute of Publlo Opinion (Clopyrlgfit 1941 by American InAll stitute of public Opinion m rights reserved Reproduction strictly prohibited except with written consent of the copyright holders) j PRINCETON N J March 22 — The most! important observer of the United States defense effort In the next few months may be the American public Itself Military experts production specialists and government officials may have a better Idea of just how much progress is being made In rearming America than John Q Citizen does Labor and business may have more of the actual job i thrown into their laps But what the public thinks about United States defense efforts may either spur or slacken the pace In the long run the public will be the referee of the whole vast push to turn blueprints into planes ships guns and tanks One of the most Important questions in Washington')? anywhere else today is thus— How does the United Stales public— made up of men white-collfarmers workers and men who work with their hands and Including all of ihese groups — yiew the progress of defense to date? Are they satisfied with its prog- and-busine- ar ss v - TC&ft? If not' what do ‘bottlenecks’ they see? j What 6&1' they want done about I - t such bottlenecks? Nation-wide A Survey to those questions answers The — and to iome equally vital questions which grow out of them — surare revealed in a nation-wid- e vey of opinion among the people themselves g which This job of has been undertaken j by the American Institute of Public Opinion is not an attempt to sway public aentiment In any direction It is not an attempt to point the finger at any group Jn American life Nor' does It even attempt to asy whether the public Is right or wrong in tom of the view's it i holds The Institute’s Job will have been done if its findings succeed In throwing some light on what the public actually does think at this critical moment In United States i history “ Not Satisfied ‘ i The first Important question — Are the American people satisfied with the progress of defense efforts? —Is quickly answered A few Americans numbering about one In six In the survey say they don't know They are honest-yundecided or without opinions on the question But the great majority do have opinions on how much Uncle Sam has accomplished and is accomplishing and most of them feel dissatisfied Just six months ago this week the Institute explored the same subject The survey came In the midst of the 1940 presidential campaign United States defense efforts had not yet picked up the speed they have today— yet the public sttitude was relatively more complacent Approximately half of fbese with opinions were “satisfied with the rate of United States rearmament The actual vote was: i Six Months Ago I 40 Satisfied L I fact-findin- 1 To those who were dissatisfied with the progress of defense the Institute put the question: “What do you think is the chief reason why production isn’t going ahead faster?’ There were no lists of possible answers or suggestions of any kind More than half of all answers to the question laid the blame on “strikes In the defense Industries on “the failure of some labor or similar unions to cooperate labor union targets Six months ago the public’s mental picture of the defense program revealed hardly the slightest criticism of labor unions Indeed the Roosevelt administration cong business gress ' and men received chief blame for defense lag if any Today's survey gives a radically different list Following are the chief causes of delay which were named with the percentage of dissatisfied voters advancing each: t 1 profit-seekin- Pet Strikes in defense industries e Politics and the government Shortage of plants and materials Lack of organization in the de- fense set— up Lack of public Interest Shortage of skilled labor n sabotage g business men All other replies No answer 52 red-tap- Fifth-colum- Profit-seekin- 11 6 f 5 A 3 3 2 Y 12 Roosevelt’s Speech Interviewing was completed on this question before President Roosevelt's address to ie nation last week in which he said that the defense effort “must not be obstructed by war profiteering by unnecessary strikes of workers d by management or deliberate sabotage Yet the noticeable burst of applause which greeted the president's mention of "unnecessary strikes and which has been commented on all reports of the speech is curiously underlined by the answers to to the Institute questionnaire The survey found little inclination to blame alPU S labor or all labor unions But the replies show that scattered strikes and tie-uin certain industries in recent weeks have influenced much U S thinking Members of labor unions who were interviewed In the survey were frequently as outspoken tn criticism of defense strikes as the rest of the public An Akron rubber worker put it this way -“Of course you can't be sure how well we're doing in turning out the stuff From what you read they seem to be going as fast as they can The biggest trouble is these strikes —here and there Once they get them ironed 'out I think we’ll have nothing to complain of short-sighte- iit-near- ly ps MarcK - 231941 ' Union employes requested Presi- security At Chicago a circuit court judge dent Roosevelt to take over operathe farm equipment workenjoined tion of an aircraft die casting plant ers organizing committee (C I O) Saturday in the most serious of 27 from mass picketing of the strikeInternational Harvester labor disputes interfering with pro- bound duction on national defense orders company’s McCormick works as a Believes Mediation Board Obviates Need for Legislation Fully a third of the labor union members who said they were die satisfied with defense progress vol untarily mentioned strikes as the chief deterrent k The opinion reflected In the Institute survey is of course not yet a tide There are1 no armies of citizens marching on Washington to protest strikes in the defense Industries no’ floods of angry telejf grams Will the continuation of defense strikes cause an increase in sentiment for sharp labor curbs? Several bills aimed At the total outlawing of strikes during the defense emergency aie on the desk of the house judiciary committee most of them tagged by labor leaders as violently antilabor The answer may have the greatest Importance for the whole labor i movement For the past five years every Institute survey o it labor unions has shown approximately a quarter of the voters strongly antiunion and another quartern just as strongly The j antiunion group prounion have Included those who don’t approve of unions at all the prolabor group those who approve nearly everything labor does including strikes The important group In the whole picture Isithe middle group approximately 50 per cent of the voting public $vhlch apparently holds lh£ balance of decision today in judging labor’s elaims for security fair wages and a firm place in the U S economic order March 22 UPV— The United States chamber of commerce expressed belief Saturday President Roosevelt’s creation of a national defense mediation board would “eliminate the necessity for legislation banning strikes Despite this statement by the chamber’s board of directors considerable sentiment continued to be manifest at the ckpitol for further government action to deal with strikes Affecting armament production Chairman Vinson (D)J Georgia announced the house naval committee would begin hearings early in April on a MU which would: Ratify the president’s creation of the board forbid additional “closed shop’ agreements bar subversive workers from munitions industries and require a “cooling’ period before strikes could be called in defense industries Vinson' said he proposed legislative ratification ' of the new agency because “there is a doubt in my mind” as to whether the president had authority to create it by executive order “It is also the purpose of my bill he said “to treat by statute g the question of the union shop in the -- same manner as that question was 'treated by proclamation of President Wilson in creating the national war labor board Harvester Executive Subacrlptlon rate: Utah Idaho Nevada Wyomln dally and Sunday month la advance SIS alaawber 105: In U S year dally and Sunday month SI 2 5 sit-do- 1 WASHINGTON 30-d- CHICAGO March 22 E McKinstry 71 former president of the International Harvester company died Friday night MqKinstry began his career with the William Deering company one of five merged into ay ' company spokesman announced reJ opening of the plant “early next week’’ Union officials have declared that any attempt to open the plant aircraft industry1 The area sup- would be opposed and police said plies 68 per cent of the nation’s a heavy guard would be thrown around the works The injunction airplanes The strike involving 350 work- limited pickets to 10 at each plant ers began eight days ago Nego- gate tiations collapsed after groundwork for a settlement was believed reached Federal intervention also was considered in a labor dispute at the Allis - Chalmers Manufacturing company’s Milwaukee Wls plant — WASHINGTON March 22 (UP) The strike of C I O Automobile Chairman Carl Vinson (D) Workers has delayed production Georgia of the house naval affairs of navy equipment and powder committee said Saturday night that plant machinery two months he would place before congress Army navy labor department and soon an antistrike bill which would office of production management empower the new national defense officials were studying methods for mediation board to settle strikes reopening the 'plant where 7800 and would freeze closed shop conmen are employed The dispute tracts at their present number The CIO die casting union asked government operation of the Har-vi- ll Aircraft Die Casting plant at Los’ Angeles producers of parts vital to the entire Pacific coast Repi Vinson Maps Antistrike Bill r McCormick works employing' At New York representatives of Is one of four International the Appalachian Coal Mine Operaplanta closed by strikes and one tors and United Mine Worker of a chain holding $10000000 worth (CIO) recessed contract negotiap 6500 -- until Monday of defense orders The company tions Other strike fronts were quiet also has indicated that its Richmond Ind plant would be opened next week CIO steel workers threatened to strike Monday at the giant BethTypanriicr lehem Steel corporation’s parent plant at Bethlehem Pa unless DO YOU KNOW? plant officials cancelled an election of officers for an employes’ repreW will deUvar and Install a first trade typewriter rlbkoa sentation plan characterized as a out oil and adjust your brush company union by the national latypewriter iu bor relations board A 1111 year own boms The plant employs 18000 worklor only ers filling a portion of the corporaWE RENT SELL AND REPAIR tion’s $1500000000 worth of armaTYPEWRITERS AND ment orders The N L RB ordered ADDING MACHINES disestablishment of the employes’ Price This Mouth os Special 19 but months ago organization Overhaul Saba the firm has an appeal pending in v the federal courts At Edgewater N J 3000 CIO workers voted on a request from OPM Associate Director Sidney Hillman that they return to work TYPEWRITER CO at the strikebound Aluminum ComSO MAIN SU pany of America plant fabricating sheet aluminum for aircraft The workers seek higher wages Oncers 3fd ' strike-breedin- ‘ i Illl Illl —I ’l Salt £ak Tribune f iMticd Tnr morula Entarxl at th pool oltid at Halt Laka City a aeeond claa matfr under act ot March S 1878 Dies at Chicago WV-Ad- dis “centered upon demands for union' By United Press i I S3 j Union Employesj Request Roosevelt to Take Over of Struck Aircraft Die Casting Plant t Operation Threat Lifted t 1 Trlbtm- U S Chamber Sees Strike - Union Members Critical of ' Labor Tieups ly at the feet of American labor ? si- I Sait £akc n Were Stomach Ulcer Peine Itepoleea's Waterloo? r great Napoleon who conquered nation waa Blmaelf a Victim of pains Tboac who are distressed sensation bloat and other conditions the International Harvester com- tton gaa pains heartburn burning d or ulcer pains pany in 1902 He became presb with stomach excess acid should try a dent in 1933 and! resigned in 1935 25c bos by must of Udsa Tablets They because of ill health Hist widow hslp or monsy refunded At drug stores and a son Ross W survive everywhere fAdv) The after-eati- ns 4 lndigee-cauee- i jrQ in? ) SU n- Yi11 it Ev&uiwiwie Qj) jUUtllZ! &i Ik&icx Q&dUy4 l etb®t’ w1 uicl'i4 £0 s 3 it M AS -- l Scwico I N s (MOki 5 piiJC sit i kit TMC OfNTM w MXOHSSIOM SPECIAL K' NEW LOW PRICES Aft All-Pink- — Ne Rubber RUBBER PLATE $ AH Mik iblllty le aoV SONt Jk so trt0 PLATE— Dissatisfied 41 11 IS hs opinion In today’s Institute survey a pub- Pt°'1 lociud waoVOSh Limited Time Only GUM TINT NATURAL EXPRESSION $900 $500 Hrtonntl m ImtI ineclal to A ml-uS- er m ulDmUiIi MllMrluIlM ( Utah Ll—o—d h 9B No opinion MbTtT' IT Blame on Strikes ' The next question in the InstiDental Laboratory in Utah tute surveys lays a most serious Only Organized Bona Fide Union problem in public relations square to T° -- o a- - nS-- - - ?tnV pUB ss- - ?' Bugs pov v a4 Axrointer 79xl2-F- t i S3 ft o o1 cjtoot iM! SO vrf6rv vo s lic that has been roused to a far greater defense effort answers the question this way: “Do you think America’s production j of arms airplanes and other war materials is going ahead fast enough?” I Today 30 Satisfied I t ( Dissatisfied t V 29 ? DOWN- -St 1 MONTlt WwS Are You Qualified?? If you have aggressive sales ability can organize an efficient Sales Force are financially able to handle a licensed franchised Contract - sition Must maintain Office and Warehouse Stock References required Address replies to Box - 5 Tribune-Telegram- ? 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