Show 4 1 t ket: I i tc n:7-- 7 r7 7 r77 ':: I 'f ) t-- i F I 44 1 t : j 1' 4 ) 4 i: t -7 lr:''17 11 ' r 7- I IH A L tI LA 1 ( ' i! It 1 --- e---1 r11111611 4 1 I ' - i 1'771 1 t 10 f g ' I ‘ '''I 1 ' ' 3 i r''''1711 - - f1 t Lf r--- -I r-- ''' U 'tj- 'r r- - ' i 1 1 t (1 1 4 ci ri 77 - -4-- i) 't ' ' c1 1 i i i ' i 1? l' 1 ''''-1- iJi I r L7-- li LI t:- 4 ) '- - F1 r" 'I t k: 1Z : I ' ' '' i - i : 11-':'-- 1y '' uys trle I ' t'''''Ll' 1‘ t f 'L' ' !: k t CJ C 0 CI H 1 ' ' i''''' 11 - - 3 L- r- -- -- --"' ''' Y- - I ' '''1' 'PO f - ' ' '''''' '' ' '' I ''-''''i I Ill' ' '''' ' ' - ' i ' ‘114 --- '' ' i 4'a 4'1°' - i 0 i44' -- A ' ' ' ' ' ' 4- --k J' J 'i' ''''' ' il ri' ' c'' - ' '' ' jt'' 4 '- - - 4 - 4 ' - 1 ' ' - - ' ' - ' 1"STj:' ' ' ' t'A -- ' t I ' t I 1 ' ' : a ' 7! ' '4' ' : '54°' ' '' r I '' f ' 'Jb i 'r - ! t i - ' J w' : ' ' t t t 3 t 1 i s It ( -- ' ' J i t 1 t ) ti ---- 1N 't : i e - P ri - I f h It S't o ':4 8 V1 v- - ''- T1' ' ' I I Is 11 t S 'e - s s t' — t l II A ") 1 -- -- ( - ( Ilitlit ' A Iill r-- e 1i i r 11 i''' --- t':-"- 1 ! 111 ea n :''') l'i tm 1a ittimax N I- ' l 41 -11 7 00 L-an- ' b- -- ' I I Zzu i 1 g C143 LI pD u --- 'Q - 47 ' 4 ' ' ' ' ' ' ': : '- ' : ' ! 1 ' 3 4 : ' I '' ' ' ' a ' ' ellic - i I ' ' t ' oy t ' 1 i A - y ) 2 nat( 1 - "4 over-graze- d species produce immense quantities of ney belong to that large and miscelpollen laneous group of plants that are not visited by insects hut depend on the wind to carry their pollen for them Naturally this wasteful hit- method 'of pollination requires vastly Cl the fertilizing dust than is needed by more the more economical plants Windborne pollens can be carried to great heights iin the air and often travel long distances (Oren C Durham chief botanist of the Abbott Laboratories in North Chicago has made many airplane flights to study thr vertical distribution of ragweed and other pollens I le t - 'r t ' ' '''' ' ' 7' 4' ' L'' 4 li - I - '' 1" - t -- ' 'i 4 I '-- ' - - '::: ‘ ) “ t- N 'A-t- -N- ‘( ' — ))0 its '1" -- ' - - ' 'Ity 7 Jci:‘A - - ' - 1 ! 4' '-- ' lk tt - F' ' 11 - ii- -- Nic :A4 t i( 1ii i ' - - '''':'-- - '' s:: '' ' I ti V: 111 4ti 1 i 11 t: V ' :'': ''t Jri' 711 I - 4 1 '- ''' ' 'i11f'I i 7 '' 7 It '” k :' i ' 1 ' It 1 - ip'' ' j A 1 ‘i 11 '''t i :!1 it kt 1 L 4 t '110:' f 1 - - k4iIii iz"caaialorgi t ' ' 1 4:E: tall 'ragweed plant showing the spikes that g carry the numerous male flowers This is the top of a pollen-bearin- has found the pestiferous sneeze-dust- s in quantity at altitudes of 9000 fret and above In collecting pollen during fliEhts a device called colloquially a "skyhook" s used The original skyhook was invented by e cop( !fits of te el '4441t - ' ''- '74' : vtitla '- - : - ' 1 ' ' i 1 ! '' - - - i '''il F k ' e t t - t r ) A - A 0-- pollen-bearin- g is Colonel for' Lindbergh some scientists who wanted to comb the upper air for powing season ordinarily give way after a few bacteria and the spores of years tolongerlived (perennial) plants Left to It holds a smallThemselves ragweeds are eventually crowded fungi out the vegetational cycle ending either in a 'plate ofglass made sticky with glYeerin or other apsolid grass sod or a growth of bushes and young propriate demical substanee and exposes it for trees any' 'number of minutes the operator desires as But this presupposes freedom from fresh disthe Plane 'flies along Then the glass ide is turbance or interference If the place is mowed taken out fornaoraior examination and a clean once or twice a season the succession-plantfresh one inserted in its place If fresh are cut back with the ragweed NIr Durham now uses an iimproved streamdirt is dumped in or the existing ground level lined skyhook more convenient to operate than or the like upset by the blade of a the original I model Itt attaches very easily- to the everything is set back to the Year One and the sliding window at the side °Ellie pilots cabin in reign of the ragweed begins all over again Bet the modern airliners Mr Durham's studies are ter says Dr Wodehouse to let the ragweed yielding scientifically valuable data on hay fever alone unless you take definite steps at the same pollens and how they get about the country time to encourage the growth of the peirnanent Pollens down at the levels where most of us vegetation that is to replace it live and breathe and do our sneeLing have also There are all kinds of attractive perennials been made the subject of systematic study by that might very appropriately be encouraged to Mr Durham t with the of the grow along roadsides where now the ragweed I Weather Bureau the Works Progress Adminisreigns They will bind the soil against erosion tration and other government agencies and in late summer make the highways gay with g have in numher been their bloom: wild sunflowers purple cone floss a plates exposed black-eye- d of cities at strategic points over the country durSusan wild asters and all the enrods ing Ithe hay fever season and yearly "pollen (en- Against the superstition that goldenrod pollen One thing that these urban pollen collections causes hay fever all botanists rise up in indignant have emphatically established: Even the streets protest Goldenrod pollen is heavy' sticky and buildings farthest from weedy fields and not tively scant)' adapted to insed carriage roadsides are by no means pollen- lice l'he borne on the vind to any distance For one per: light 'invisible dust can be carried for miles to son caused to sneeie by goldenrod pollen there the head of the most desert-likare tens of thousands whose noses are outraged metropolis Of course cities do not necessarily depend on by the pollen of the ragweeds and other viiid the country for their supply of hay fever pollens pollinated plants 'fhey grow a great deal of their own City People who Wink that goldernod vauses their the "jungles' dumps neglected empty lots hay fever are usually guilty of the type of logical lanai y known as a Hon sequitur: 'Hwy sneeze among the railroad yards and i'rver bottoms even parks and playgrounds that are not well kept up they see goldenrodin bloom they blame the con-o- f all offer ideal conditions for the growth the spicuous bright flower And all the while the real villain of the piece ragweed laughs in his ragweeds and their disreparlde cousins and allies like cocklebur marsh elder and Russian spews more inconspicuous green slee‘e—and thistle iiritating pollen into the air when weed gangs are Sporadic clean-upThe same kind of fallacious thinking happens sent out to scythe down unkempt vacant lot 3 as in spring when other hay leer ions are suf' It hap' a rule leave untouched the heavier ses of Erring from the effects of grass pollens the in bloom at as ragweed on the dumps and along the railroad time same that roses are pens o4 road-grad- 1 i - f A ' I t k ' his cot mer toga one the mut iystr r Bo U t$' tha' y‘'" ' to sior I on )I - e-- - I weeds scything down the evil Dr the for Wodehouse no cure points out Indeed it may have just the opposite effect resulting in a longer persistence of the ragweed pest Annual plants like the ragweeds that spring from seed and die within a single 1V 1- 0 ' I a 7 e I 1'0 a 'lw : e'''''t - tracks Only the poor and uninfluential ever see these eyesores so the city fathers can afford to neglect them and thus pare the budget a little But the pollen clouds from the wrong side of the tracks can and do cause sneezes and misery on the porch of the Country Club s) e ''') t - - 4'(--""-1 'UST 440v4tY s r rto-- I a j II ' ' ti ' - ' -- I t4 ) ' 1 ‘41 dft 1 t 'le :" Y ' '4 1 07 : ':' - a 1 '' 't' t' - ( el- - k' ' ' ‘e ''1' t ' t' '''''' 11 T 4 yo' t k i ' :' t 7 ! '4 its0 l- '1y : '''' I" - '" a'r '' N 4'4 ''' '' via ' ‘'elirii- A '' a t::ei''f- ' 1 fl r J 41 - - fi--- ' 12 ' 1:11 - 11 ' - ' ' 1 1-- - ' ' 1 1 boos w A — ? ' ' ned '1 It ' ''''''' t 1 li 4 ' Pollen-catchin- I) s - - ' s 04 4 i - if''' (' fil 1' i ' 1 -- ei ' - k at I - - i '' 7: 4 tif ' 4 b '1(1 ' 0y04 ' ' ! " ' a fj1:- 1 - ' '' '' 1"-'F ' t''''"' ‘415' ! - 1 I ' -- : 5' 7 P N 1 i ' - 1 'k 11 )'V - 'V ' ( ' ' i' --- ' ' :'" 71 ir C' 'r: ::z:5: 21w c Alks‘c 44 17 " 41:'- - lik ' '' '' )Ati' ailicl ''‘x '' ' ''''1' ) JA It'4 " ''''-- ' ' '''' '' 71 ‘ ' - 11 ‘L'' - '3i" ! -- i44 'b‘l : sttts ' r':-f-1 i: LT"Ite:':: -- - ' I: fil' 1 ' - ''''- 0 - 4 't "i ' ') ' ' sec '' is - C - ol 4 ec11 ''' (46244P ''''' ' - ' I i- : ' -- c: 439'1: - - '''':: - 11 sess s i ''' '''::':-:'4'''- 11 4t ' - - i (''''':''' IA 1$ I I '1 "'"'-k- i '1 r I' f ' ''''':1 - I i se age roup eon i- l' t hesc i r " ' ''''t 1 '''''''''' t' ' ' ‘ t ''' - - e a he 1 44 - '7 '!"71' 'IL " ii' p - 01 (-- due to the two commonest of ragweed together with a few equally species In earlier days on this disreputable relatives coritinent ragweeds were not at all abundant They could find place to grow only where floods had laid a layer of mud on the river bottoms or where a landslip or gully left a stretch of bare raw earth Ragweeds then went in as members of the first wave of pioneer vegetation they could even fairly be counted as first-aiplants initiating the process of healing up these wounds in the soil But civilization has made the land of this continent very sick In our eagerness to get all the money we can in the shortest possible time Americans have our heritage We have almost skinned poor Mother Earth alive she is covered with wounds of our making The ragweeds and other bearers of hay fever pollens have multiplied a million-folThey grow thick and rank where they used to be but Their hordes increase year thin and scattered by year and with them the clouds of pollen they pour into the air We are paying through the nose in a painfully literal sense for the way America's land we have is ' p 1 ' 4' 2- CI ' '' - ' 4 4 et In S en ' 1 1 1 ?'-'-'' '11) I3oth 0 -3 1101 i -- ' c - re- - whatt like those of carrots t t-- s 5Z ‘ 1-':i- i 2 ' ' ' 4 ' '11111 beginning to mount into the crashing crescendo that comes every year in late summer? If you are or if you have hay Wver victims among your kinsfolk or acquaintance you have cause to indulge in the unconsoling reflection that as an average American citizen you helped You asked for it! to bring it upon yourself Connection between current American civilization and the spread of hay fever is set forth by Dr R P Wodehouse scientific director of the Arlington Chemical Company's hay fever laboratory at Yonkers N Y in the magazine THERE are a number of species of ragweed 1 but only tvtrio of them figure really importantly in the mass production of sneezes and reddened eyes They are known respectively as the tall or giant ragweed and the low or dwarf The tall ragweed grows from three ragweed t 16 or 18 feet high it is a stout t o or four coarse hairy plant with its btoad rough leaves The low ragdivided iinto three blunt lobes weed seldom grows more than four feet high: its are finely divided some- t I 11 t Li r1-- 1 C rl r i-t- i 1 '1 -- - ' ''''‘''' ''''' -- -- n i ti t 1--1 ''' '4--' -- : k' — ' d t k J1 1 ' -- - you have hay fever? Are you among those luckless millions of Americans whosesneezes are now d t '' 31 ' '4 7 ' 4'::- - d I - it' 1 6 E r" i ' '''"' '' klir ' ''' ' r' ' ( ) I v 04 I 0 Natural IHistoq Most thay fever - - e-- e i i ' ' ' - By Dr Frank Thone ': -L'777 ' — I - 0 4401We ' PN i t 183ci - i eJi '" 4 1 i J 1C 1 1 r t - d ' 7:4Sazr3 C- 1 I 3red t r 44C1' 5' '''''' ' ' :) 1 L ' 1 I t i''''''' " I DI Il i 0 p I - p N i ' rl v -- - S 4'2' ''' '4' ' ' e" 0 ' ' ' r '' " ' -- t - '' r‘' 61! 040 - ''''t ' i 11 ''' 'f' 1 - ' i " ‘ 1 t: '''' tr' I 1 4- 1 -7 ' A1 ‘ '' ' ' e r':'-1- ' I i k 4 ''' I ' 4 46'''' ' i4a' 71 '''''' i 9 t 1-4 --- '''' -' ''''''' 'Sr - r-- ' 3' i joz ritlax rv4 1 1i:I: 4 - 1 t'Ll !i A i t ' ' ' g if:fr " i i 17- r - l'''' !'' 'I 7 ' A rrl p ' i rii 71 ' 4 0 t r- -1 i (-- --:- 0 1 ' ' 111 ) r"'"') - '' C"7' t t t' 4 ' i - 't : “ 1 e — 1 ' ! ri- -'rirOrIS t A i tc1 "?---- 7 - 1( otu-11 1- i I' i - ' r 1 f it ( 1 L utl 11 I ''IC 2--1 t t'''''' l''''''''''' t Fill - 111 -- A r041W i TO Att 11 1 (7)1 LCIszir- eal 'a V l''''''''11111' ' 11 E1 L--1 !1'-'''''- r-- - li Tail I 1 ' g' ri I L1 il — 1 ' i AA) SUNDAY JULY 30 1939 : 1 V Ht i 1 -- r--- -- f ‘ ' 9- ---1 1 i 1 i : 1 41 - fl r- -1 A 1 c I 71 (-- 4 !I p cfnlit '(:! '71411t MI J these grasses so that late spring hay fever is often falsely cared rose fever Rose's are as little capable of making you sneee as is goldenrod but they get the blame nevertheless For all the cheerless present there is a good chance that the world of futureyears will grad ually become a better place for hay fever-profolks to live in First more it known about hay fever and it related allergic phenomena Doctors can make for tests accuiate mote your sensitivities and pharmaceutical manufacturers can supply them with more effective pollen extracts and other curative and preventive materials And the sneeing public at large has become pretty well disillusioned about the quack and patentmedicMe cure- s- in which some of them once hadfaith—no small gain in itself for it leaves thy' hay fever victim the more disposed to try more promising measures for relief Second advance is the development of really effective air filters for use in connection with systems for homes and apartments Not all systems exclude pollens and road dust—which for some persons is as bad as pollen However some of them do notably the types that run the air through It has beglass wool or some similar device come possible for hay fever victims who used to flee to the mountains every summer to remain comfortably in the city if they are willing to remain virtual prisoners in such apartments and offices Such comfortable im it v det or mo p ig evel 8'30 at n tva: ty lay !re t n n 1 me vol Si ly le rt f ha de t ma I i )t bc a 1st tic 0 a to' let ni prisonment can hardly be called adveisity te the promise of abatement of the ragweed pest itself We and are becoming more conservation-consciou- s also more aware of possibilities of beauty alottg our highways So We are taking active steps to check gullies in fields and pastures with perma nent perennial vegetation and at the same time our highWay authorities are beginning to land scape the roadsides instead of merely keeping them smoothly barliri ed Bodi these processes deprive ragweeds of 5otne of their best homes At the same time the natural reyegetation of r finest arras is slowly and Inared-oe- r of out masses ragweed that moved driving great in when the old style hiMberrilen went away and left smashed deserts belrind them It may be a long time before log lands but melt sie trees grow in the thick stands of brush such as deer and grouse love to inhabit are sufficient to suppress the ragweeds Just the ordinary heahng processes of if left to themselves will in time rehabilnature the hay fryer resoits of the old itte North Woods—and maybe add features attractive to sporhinen Liter in the Sriii011 83 Welt InIST of all in the end is ti P t t F cut-ove- cut-ov- one-lon- e I |