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Show HIE BIG ADVANCE MADE IN TRANSPORTATION I I Engineering Achievements of 1936 Outstanding. Many of our names for cloth come to us from the Orient, observes a writer in the Kansas City Star. Calico is from Calicut, India, the city from which it was first imported. Doubtless at first the term used was Calicut cloth, but phrases often shrink in usage, and calico was an easy evolution. Madras, also in India, gave us the cloth which bears its name. This was first made from silk and cotton, but the name is applied to the same weave in cotton also, a fabric which is much used for mens shirts. Damask is from Damascus, noted long ago for its fine steel blades and for its silks. Damask is characterized by woven designs which represent flowers or conventional figures. It was originally made of silk, but the same name was later applied to the same weave in silk, cotton, rayon or wool used for hangings and upholsteries, and to linen woven for table napery and towels. The word silk we should expect to be associated with China, and it is but the name has come to us in a n roundabout way. The was seoloc, from the Latin sericum, from Greek serikon, literally Seric stuff, from Seres, the Greek name for the Chinese. Cashmere comes from the name of a city in Tibet. From a close inner wool of the Cashmere goats were woven a fine dress fabric and beautiful shawls. Muslin comes from Mawsil, in Mesopotamia, the city where it was first made. Nankeen got its name from the Chinese city, Nanking. y is an old English name from linsel, linen, and wolsye, wool. Many woolen fabrics bear English names, such as melton, from a town of that name in Leicestershire, and 'worsted, from a town in Norfolk. Broadcloth was so called because this fine fabric was woven wider than ordinary woolens. Flannel is a word of doubtful origin, but is found in similar form in French, Spanish and the Scandinavian n tongues. Linen is an .word derived from lin, the old word for flax. It is rather odd that we never call flax lin, but seldom say flaxseed and nearly always say, linseed oil Anglo-Saxo- Linsey-woolse- Anglo-Saxo- Washington, D. C. Nineteen thirtywas a year for transportation developments according to the National Geographic society which issued a bulletin reviewing the engineering accomplishments in various parts of the world during the past twelve months. The year saw the first conquest of the Pacific ocean by huge passeng ger and airplanes; the establishment of regular passenger service by ships across the Atlantic, with the passage cut to less than 62 hours; and a passenger trip completely around the world by commercial carriers in little more than eighteen and a half days, says the bulletin. The huge Queen Mary was put into transatlantic service during 1936, and in August established a new crossing record for steamships of four days, seven hours, and twelve minutes. Traffic across the busy English channel was facilitated by the establishment of the first train feiry, which solved the terminal problems for such craft at Dover by the construction of an artificial basin with its water level controllable by mighty pumps. Highway. The most important highway of the year was that extending from the Texas border to Mexico City, which was opened formally July 1, after completion of several costly bridges spanning -six red-lett- er mail-carryin- lighter-than-a- ir Non-Militar- y ! non-milita- ry tropical rivers. Premier military 1936 was the highway completed in road extending for 400 miles north and south from Russia's great port near the northeastern corner of Korea, to Khabarovsk, on the Amur river, near the northeastern comer of Manchukuo. Still more valuable to Russia is e the great new military railway the BAM which extends to Komsomolsk on the Amur, 125 miles north of Khabarovsk, and on for an additional 100 miles to a new port on the narrow northern end of the Sea of Japan, opposite Sakhalin. Outstanding transportation structures of the United States during 1936 are two of the greatest bridges ever built. The bridge in New York City, opened July 11, spans Hell Gate, Little Hell Gate, the Harlem river, and Bronx Kill, and connects Manhattan, the Bronx, and Queens. The total length of bridges, viaducts, approaches and special highways is 17i miles. The Bay Bridge connecting San Francisco and Oakland across San Francisco bay was put into use November 12. It has an over-a- ll length of lltt miles and includes a 1,400-focantilever section, the f longest ever constructed. Among bridges completed in 1936 nearer home were the Mark Twain Memorial bridge across the Mississippi at Hannibal, Missouri, and spans over the Missouri river nt Washington, Missouri, and over the Fore river, Massachusetts, near Weymouth. New York Citys west side traffic received a outlet VLadivostok-Khabarovs- k 2,000-mil- Tri-Borou- ot long-neede- d Maelstrom Described by Poe on Norwegian Coast Lof-fod- en Mo-shon- Jai-Al- ai Jai-ala- i, Ball Game, Rivals the Bull Fight better known as pe-lo- First Railway Mail Was Begun During Civil War AMERICANS CRAVE The Maelstroms existence, as described by Edgar Allen Poe and other writers, is indisputable, although its dangers are often exaggerated, states a writer in the Cleveland Plain Dealer. It is a remarkable whirlpool on the Norwegian coast, just southwest of islands. The strong currents rushing between the Great West fjord and the outer ocean through the channels of these islands produce a number of whirlpools, the Maelstrom being the largest and strongest. The name means grinding stream," and the grinding is done between the island of and a large solitary rock in the middle of the straits. Such extravagant stories have been told of this great eddy how everything that enters the border of its current is instantly sucked down to a bottomless abyss that its very existence has been doubted. Its perils, of course, were greater in the days of smaller ships and no steam power. As a matter of fact, steamships may cross the Maelstrom in calm weather, at any stae of the tide, without difficulty. And in the summer, at change of tide, the current is comparatively calm and even small boats may venture upon it. But in winter or in a storm it is highly dangerous for any vessel to try to pass. During a storm from the west the current runs continually to the east at the rate of six knots, without changing its direction for rising or falling tide, and the stream boils with such mighty whirls and eddies that a vessel of any size would have great difficulty in getting through. The danger is not of suction into the heart of the whirlpool, as legends have supposed, but of being dashed to pieces against the rocks. Dead whales are sometimes thrown up on the coast, killed in this way. The depth of the whirlpool is only 20 fathoms, but just outside the straits soundings reach from 100 to 200 fathoms. ta (meaning ball in Spanish), is a game somewhat similar to handball, which originated in the Basque provinces of France and Spain. In parts of Spain, it rivals bull fights in popularity, says a writer in the Detroit News. Originally pelota" was played with hand, naked or gloved, or with a stick, but now a stout basket-wor- k gauntlet, called a ces-tu-s or chistera" is used. This basket, a Basque invention first used at Ascain, France, revolutionized the game by increasing the propelling power of the players and the carrying force of the balL The game may be played either indoors or outdoors and requires a cement court, 200 feet long and 65 feet wide, with at least two walls 36 feet high. Four walls may be used. There are usually four players and among the professionals are men who have done little else since boyhood. The ball is of solid rubber, small and weighs about four ounces. During play, the ball is bounded from wall to cestus" and must be kept in motion. The game is very popular in the Basque provinces, Spain, Cuba and South America. According to the Americana Encyclopedia, It is claimed for this game that it requires a better eye, more speed, activity and surer control over every muscle of the body than any other sport" Original Glass Bottles Valuable It has been commonly acknowledged that glass bottles, shortly after their invention, were worth their weight in bold. But an item in the American Magazine indicates that these transparent containers were valued much more highly than the yellow metal in old Egypt, where a price of $3,500,000 was set and paid on one glass bottle. Originally made only by master craftsmen and used in the packaging of rare attars and cosmetics, glassware required 40 centuries of study and refinement to reach its present superiority and inexpensiveness. The common foodstuff bottles on our shelves today are more perfect by far than the crude bottles of long ago yet they cost us practically nothing! FANCY GROCERIES Eating Habits Changed by Modern Merchandising. NEW YORK. More than $50,000,-00- 0 worth of "fancy" foods were sold last year in the United States. This enormous consumption of delicacies is shown in the latest government reports and indicates a definite change in eating habits of American people. Domestic farmers and fruit grow- ers have contributed much to the changing American menu, cultivating many products heretofore imincluding persimmons, ported, mushrooms, broccoli, avocados and prickly pears. Foodstuffs, which formerly sold at high prices in large centers and were confined almost exclusively to the local 400," today are available at nearby stores at prices attracd housewives. tive to Luxuries Available. Lobsters, shrimp and clams are now available in suburban eating places, thousands of miles from waters in which they were caught. Luscious commodillis, formerly classified as luxuries," now adorn Main street and Park avenue tables alike. The old merchant, as an individual buyer, did not have facilities for purchasing anything but widely-use- d staples. But introduction of efficient methods of mass buying and distribution enabled the grocer to enlarge his line and reduce prices. Last year more than 141,000,000 pounds of spices were bought. These included paprika, cinnamon, caraway and cardamom seed, cassia, cloves, mustard, ginger, nutmeg, mace and pimento. The Grocer Has Them. More than 7,000,000 pounds of swordfish and sturgeon are consumed annually, and 2,000,000 pounds of anchovies. More than 4,000,000 pounds of citron and 7,000,-00- 0 pounds of avocados are sold each year. We now eat 13,000 pounds of truffles annually, many of which are grown within our borders; 11,000,000 pounds of lentils, 2,000,000 pounds of lupines; and pate de fois can now be purchased at most corner delicatessen stores. The housewife of average means can now buy most of the foodstuffs listed above from the 3,500 foodstuffs handled by many accessible grocers. budget-minde- Tribal Apartment House Is Excavated in Texas CANYON, TEXAS. The first apartment houses on record in the Panhandle of Texas have been ex- cavated on Antelope creek, northeast of Amarillo, officials of the West Texas State Teachers college have announced. Indian dwelling ruins, inhabited apparently about 1300 A. D., have been found. Their excavation has proved definite relationships between the Pueblo tribes culture of the Southwest and the plains tribes culture farther east, according to the college. One ruin now being excavated, . of the Works through Progress administration, contains about 40 rooms. The walls are about 18 inches thick, plastered neatly inside. They are covered with cottonwood logs and a thatch of brush and mud. Doors of each room are about three feet high, and there are no windows. Most of the units contain a fire pit. The rooms are about 20 feet square and are paved with packed clay. Refuse heaps show that the inhabitants were hunters and agrip culturists. Numerous bones of buffalo, deer, bison and antelope have been excavated, 'Indicating that the Panhandle Indians ate an abundance of meat in addition to their principal vegetables com, beans, squashes and tomatoes. Receding Chins Are Now Corrected by Operations PHILADELPHIA. An operation used by dental surgeons to correct jutting or receding chins was described at Temple university dental school at a program celebrating anniverthe schools seventy-fift- h sary. Dr. James R. Cameron, professor of oral surgery, said the operation was known technically as resection of the ramus, the short handle" of the lower jaw which locks with of Cameo in Doubt Ancestry cthe upper jaw in front of the ear. The earliest ancestry of the The ramus is cut horizontally cameo will always be a matter of and the jaw moved forward or backconjecture, according to Cyril Dav- ward as much as a half inch, then enport of the British museum whose the teeth are wired together until book, "Cameos," is the illuminating the bones knit, according to Docresult of extensive study and re- tor Cameron. search. But for really skilled work, we need not go farther back than to the Egyptian scarabs, which were Blocks From All States seals with the backs cut into the Used in Forming Quilt semblance of the sacred beetle. The A friendship" CLEVELAND. outline of the scarab cameo persists 48 blocks, each of composed quilt time. a for ed long stamped with the autograph and address of a woman from each of the 48 states has been completed St. Giles Cathedral Historic Mrs. Eleanor Stech. St. Giles cathedral, standing on byMrs. Stech said it took her almost the line of the "Royal Mile" that seven to make the quilt bemedieval street which leads from cause ityears was not easy to find somecfastle to palace in Edinburgh has one in state who would send been the scene of many important her an every quilt block. autographed events in the past of the Scottish "When it came to the one from capital. The walls have echoed the Arizona, for instance, I had to get thunderings of John Knox, the re- a friend who had a friend in Arizona former, and it was here, according who would make an exchange." to tradition, that one Jenny Geddes, She had to send everything from in 1637, flung a stool at the Dean of bulbs to something for a gladioli Edinburgh as a protest against the n baby in return for a quilt introduction of Laud's Liturgy. block. new-bor- SUGARIIOUSE, JULY 29, 1938 BULLETIN The railway mail service came in- to existence during the Civil war. As Lights of New York DAIRY by L. L. STEVENSON early as 1338 congress approved an act making every railroad in the United States a post route, and prior to that time many railroads had demonstrated their worth as speedy mail carriers. The first use made of the facilities of the railroad was slight and generally consisted of a compartment in the end of the baggage car, which was padlocked after the mail was stowed away and opened after the run had been finished. Later a larger portion of the baggage car was given over to the postal authorities, who fitted it with enough facilities for the distribution of local way mail. This was not an American invention at all but had been copied from similar systems n use in France, England, and even in Canada. Although credit for the system which in use has often, been attributed to George B. Armstrong, who was assistant postmaster in Chicago in 1864, that is not proper, for V. A. Davis, a clerk in the St. Joseph, Mo., office actually conceived the idea in 1862, according to a writer in the Chicago Tribune. Davis suggested that the complete sorting of mail on the train between Quincy and St. Joseph would allow the overland mail to set out several hours earlier than was the case were the sorting done at St. Joseph. He received permission to try out the experiment on this line and there are complete documents in the files of the Post Office department and of the Burlington railroad to show that it was successful. HAMILTON BROS. SAFE Ruminations: and Ramblings Tricksters on Forty second street, MILK showing how to manipulate various A mounted gambling games Office Plant policeman watching attentively . . . 1014 Elm Ave. But apparently his interest is mere- 4000 So. th E. ly curiosity as he doesn't do anyA peddler in Ph. Mur. 313-Ph. Hy. 5654 thing about it Times square doing a brisk business in alleged risque booklets . . . Ad- - ' vwpii 'WW'I m JWJ I.uygfi vises patrons not to open them immediately . . . When they do they find only blank pages . . . Wise A bevy of old New York! pretty girls wolfing hot dogs at one $75.00 Dining Room Set, 6 chairs, of those stand-u- p counters . . . and table, buffet and china closet, like A sadusing plenty of mustard new. Value $142.00. Joe Fisher, faced elderly man leading a pretty or call at 2145 South 6th East. young girl . . . Iler uncertain footsteps tell that she is blind . . . Tragedy . . . Wise guys clotted near , the New Amsterdam theater . . . Remedies Exchanging race information . . . Favored by the Japanese mand The enterprising boast of the most The d Forty-thirJapanese and at ager Broadway shouting: Right here today the big fantastic medicines, and the country folk go in for cures which, to a orange! European, would seem a good deal A trembling, pallid, old woman, worse than the disease, notes a writa shawl over her head, extending er in Pearson's London Weekly. cure for fever conA widely-use- d a claw-lik- e hand to Broadway passer. . . Report has it that she sists of placing a poultice of earths-by has a wealthy son . . . Who has worms on the patient's stomach, betried every means he could devise cause Japanese believe that this to stop her from begging . . . The will draw the fever out. colored doorman of a dance hall Anyone suffering from a sty or at Fiftieth and Broadway handing other eye trouble is advised to lie. Morton Downey a free entrance down and sprinkle salt on the stompass . . . and a candid camera ach. Burned clay, raked out of old artist snapping Downeys picture cooking stoves, is another cure-al-l. and handing him a numbered tick- Eaten slowly, it is supposed to banet . . . Fire apparatus tearing ish any kind of sickness. Sih street through The effects of eating too many . and a oysters are supposed to be removed rens going full blast . Brilliant Dunes Sumach traffic officer waving by eating powdered oyster shell, and Recalls Indian Legend Broadway open a lane . . . Sure would hate this cure is also widely used for inAccording to the Indian legends to try to drive a hook and ladder digestion and similar ailments. which flourish in the region of the one of New Yorks narrow, Heartburn not the indigestion kind, through Michigan coast, one of the tribes cross streets . . . But the but that which comes from blighted was driven by a forest fire from congested do it day after day . . . affections can be soothed by eatregulars its hunting ground to the shores of and night after night A woman, Lake Michigan, where the sand hills with jewels flashing on her fingers, ing a few toads. treatBut the most widely-use- d gave them refuge from the flames, trying to give a mounted cop's horse ment consists of sticking pins into recalls a writer in the Chicago Daily an orange . . . and horse shaking one's anatomy. According to the News. its glossy head. Japanese way of thinking, there are Everything in the path of the more than 300 different parts of the flames had been destroyed and the Will Hays, boss of the motion pic- body into which a pin can be stuck, ordinarily plentiful wild life had fled being the location of a difor been annihilated. Surveying the tures, on his way to his office . . . each part disease. ferent to Miss meet blackened countryside, the Indians Nice Fay Emerson Babies, however, are not considfelt they were doomed to starva- and George Putnam of San Diego ered strong enough to withstand . . to . are and learn that they tion, but one Indian brave volunso the Japanese mother these cures, teered to go in search of meat. He readers of this department . . . the deceives germs of disease by is now Bollini trio whose Adrian departed, leaving his sweetheart, outside the house notice a hanging Circus bar who vowed to keep a signal fire playing at the Piccadilly all germs that the baby is informing . . and whose Scotch ballads ap. on the burning constantly highest peal to my ear . . . and when it not at home. dune until his return. Her lover never returned. The In- comes to swing! . . . Capt. William dian maid pined away slowly but von Hoffman who knows all about The Knout, a neavy Whip never failed to climb to the top- of the Lala tribe . . . and has pictures knout was the official instruThe . . his back to up knowledge the highest dune to keep her signal of ment punishment formerly used aborithose other things fire lighted. One day she failed to Among consisting of a: heavy return to the camp the tribe had gines feed their children to croco- in Russia, of leather thongs artificially . to whip . . sacrifices diles as their gods built in the near-b- y valley. d woman nonchalantly hardened, twisted with wire and Her brothers made their way to A her way through Fifth sometimes hooked at the ends. One threading the top of the dune and found she . . and giving a lot hundred strokes were considered . avenue traffic had died there. They found, too, of drivers equivalent to a sentence of death as the jitters. in that the dead ashes of the signal the victim seldom survived. On acfire what appeared to be a flame count of the severity of the punwas growing. The living flame conA Chambers street pitchman, sellNicholas I issued an order ishment tinued to grow and to spread until ing, diving dolls, who looks like a punishment with a substituting it covered all the dunes, and thus reincarnation of Mark Twain . . . of three thongs known whip lighter the sumach came into being and Recently acquired knowledge bit: In as pleti. still covers the Michigan dunes with the first five years of its operation in autumn. flame the municipal subway carried 1,095 million passengers . . . and what a Pekingese Dog Favorite column that would be if all those of the Chinese Rulers Royal Dreams Typified by Palms nickels were piled one on another One of Chinas three contributions The desire of every man to be a . . . Judging by the number of g fancy is the king is typified by Rio de Janeiro's bench occupants in City Hall park, to the dog little Pekingese. This wadgreat number of royal palms. Dom the city must have a considerable Joao, king at the beginning of the leisure class . . . and judging by dling little kou," as a dog is known Nineteenth century, had planted the the number of lads with shine in that land is one that has been throughout first seed of the royal palm himself boxes, seeking business in that vi- 100 per cent pure-breand ruled that the tree 'was to be cinity, a large bootblack population the centuries, writes George Butz in exclusively his. To preserve his . . . Motor cars darting into the the Philadelphia Inquirer. Pekes were the coveted court dogs monopoly he ordered every seed dark approach to Brooklyn bridge. in the regimes of Chinese emperors. from it gathered up and burned, but the residents of Rio who wanted They were once the pampered pets A young woman with three Pekes of the mandarins, and perhaps that to imitate royalty bribed his slaves to sell the seeds. As a result royal having leash trouble in Herald is the reason of their arisocratic exA depression. Chows and pugs are the palms soon sprang up everywhere. square shopping crowds termined looking woman haggling other two dogs which originated in ' over prices with a razor-blad- e pedChina. . . . still dler The Pekes luminous eyes, set far Cigarette buyers Only Dickens Statue a apart upon his broad skull, serve as A statue of Charles Dickens and grumbling over that new little Nell, one of his famous char- pack tax . . . Commuters now a mask of his real disposition. Hei acters, is in Clark park, at Forty-thir- d stock up before coming to town . . . is a jolly fellow and faithfuL Bestreet and Baltimore avenue, and bring cartons for friends . . . cause of his diminutive size the) Peke has sometimes been wrongly, in West Philadelphia. It is the only John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who is aidone ever made of the novelist, says ing in rolling up those millions for called delicate. However, he is not An by many miles, because he is one a writer in the Philadelphia Inquir- the Greater New York fund siren ambulance, speedscreaming, of the sturdiest of toy dogs. because son his a discovered er, Pekes are active, they are strong clause in his will asking never on ing across town . . . With a white on the back, for their size and would this dog be any account to make me the sub- clad interne hanging medicine case tucked under his larger he would be fitted for police ject of any monument, memorial or his work. The Peke has a massive coat testimonial whatever. The work is arm. C Bell Syndicate. WNU Service. for a small dog. The frill of soft by F. Edwin El well. It was exhibited at the Worlds Columbian exposihair around his collar suggests a lion. In fact, in his native China, tion, where it received a gold Insurance Parceled Out medal. dog has been called the little 46 Checks Total $22.08 the lion dog." That was probably due ELYRIA, OHIO. Lorain county to the fighting heart of the dog. officials wished that they had not Deep-Re- d Rubies From Siam Pekingese were first imported to Many of the best rubies have been been so careful when taking out inEngland from their native land. found in Siam in the provinces of surance on county buildings. Krat and Chantaboon, where are loDuring a recent storm a hog pen cated the principal ruby mines of at the county infirmary was damBeagles Singers of Dogdom that country. The stones are usual- aged. The total loss was $22.08. Beagles are the "singers of dogThe county commissioners did not dom. These merry little dogs are ly found in detrital matter about 20 feet below the surface. The ruby- run into trouble, however, until they virtually vest pocket editions of a foxhound. Their main forte is trailbearing gravel is less than a foot in began to collect the insurance. thickness and lies between a clay Blanket windstorm insurance had ing and being equipped with a good bed and a heavy covering of coarse been taken out with 46 different scenting nose, they are used to seek sand. The usual color of the Siam companies and separate checks for the fast flying Brr Rabbit Just rubies is dark red, running almost 48 cents were received from each. as soon as a Beagle gets on the to a blackish shade of red. notes a writer line of a cotton-tai- l, in the Philadelphia Inquirer, he broadcasts his joy of the hunt with Bullet Recovered From Ill Luck Followed Ship a throaty call, which devoted adThe Great Eastern or Leviathan, 122 Years mirers of the hound describe as After Tree as she was originally called, the clear as a bell. The Beagle is A ALAMEDA, CALIF. English steamer, built in 1857, at the built on compact lines. He is a in 1816 into back fired bullet time the largest steamship afloat, durable little fellow and will hunt an oak tree that was just a sapencountered nothing but ill luck tirelessly over a long period. Alling at that time has just been from the time she was launched, though the Beagle is equipped with was found in It here. recovered commercially a great failure. When short running gear, his legs are the heart of a mammoth oak tree broken up in 1888, the cause of her strong. Due to his short coat of the down. cut counting By rings, bad luck, according to sailor supervaried white, black and tan hues, bulestablished that the was it stition, came to light In the dishe can penetrate thick brush in 122 into fired the was tree let covery of a human skeleton wedged trailing a rabbit. years ago. between her inner and outer skins. ... ... W ... FOR SALE ... Old-Fashion- ed juice-stan- ... Forty-fourt- ... - gray-haire- . haughty-ap-pearin- d ... one-ce- nt ... er ; |