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Show T It 'is well for the Senate to have a because if it did president not, half of the time it would not have a president. Great wisdom was shown when the makers ruled that in case of a tie vote, the vice president pro-ter- . ... , di HIGH SCHOOL WINNER Caroll Fisher, of the Cathedral high school of this city, submitted the best essay in this state of any student, for which she was awarded a beautiful medal and a large school flag. essay follows; - s Her THE CONSTITUTION The great document which is the basis of the iaw of our vast United 'States is an indirect outcome of the violation in the eighteenth century by England of certain rights which belonged to the colonists by the terms of their charters. These rights were chiefly trade, right to pen self-governme- nt, protection of life and pdoperty, and, above all, the privilege through the representatives of the people in parliament to grant the king the money needed for foreign war and the upkeep of the state.. The violation of the right of the colonies to trade how and where they : pleased by the passage of the Navigation Acts and the violation of the privilege to. grant the crown money by the passage of the Stamp Act were the most important of these violations. They were the cause of many displays 'of oratory, the last named being the cause of Henrys famous speech, Taxation Without Representation is Tyranny, which won many, colonists to the cause of independence. The outcome of all this violation of rights was the Revolutionary, war, which resulted in the establishing of the Republic of the United States, the law.' by which, ; CITI2EN in its infancy, this republic was governed were named the Articles of Confederation, but they had so many n, casts the deciding vote. In the Constitution no one can be given a title of rank or nobility. This is good because any person, rich or poor, is in the same class so far as the government is concerned. Our Constitution is superior to that of England or any other country. The English government is a monarchy where only one man rules whether he is capable or not. The people send their representatives to meetings but the greater power is given to the king. But in our country everyone of age may vote to help get the. man he wants into the very important office of president. The president can be removed from office during his term If he is found incapable. I like that because everyone is contented and the country progresses well. It. is remarkable that the , makers were so far seeing that they coqid make principles that can govern the nation today when times are so changed. Little did they dream that the country ' they were, trying to govern would one day become the leader of the world. If these men lived today, I would praise them highly for their gopd work. Weighing the Constitution, I think It is very near one hundred per cent perfect; FRANCIS FITZPATRICK, St. Marys of the Wasatch, Salt Lake City, Utah. HE weaknesses that it was found necessary to establish a new form of government. To accomplish this end, a convention of some of the most brilliant men of the colonies, including Washington, Madison, Hamilton and Franklin, met in Philadelphia in 1785 and after a three months session drew up in complete form our present Constitution. It was founded, as it itself states, to secure a more perfect union, to establish justice) to insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense and to promote the general welfare of the United States, and to secure the blessings of liberty- for all United States citizens. The Constitution provides that the government shall be vested in three divisions, so equal and so related to one another that oppression is Impossible. The first of these, Legislative department, sees that the laws are enforced, and the third, the Judicial department, interprets the laws. The Legislative department as defined by the Constitution, consists of a House of Representatives elected by the people and a Senate whose members are appointed by the Sttae lgis laturs. Although the Constitution proper provides for this last named election of senators, this method was repudiated by the Seventeenth Amendment passed in 1916, which provided for the election of senators by the people. This Congress has powers which are all provided for by the Constitution. The most important of these are the power to make laws; to lay and collect taxes; to establish courts; to borrow money on the credit of the United States; to regulate commerce; to coin moneg; and to declare war. Besides granting powers, the Constitution also imposes prohibitions on Congress. It is the practice of these rights granted to Congress and the prohibitions imposed on it by the Constitution which makes us the best governed nation in the world today. The Executive department consists in a President and Vice President elected by the Electoral College, . which is, in turn, elected by the people. The Pdesident has a hand in making the laws as he has the power of signing or vetoing bills passed by Congress. He also has the power to order out the United States militia or to use . any other means he deems necessary for the strict enforcement of the law. The Vice President is the presiding of-- . fleer of the Senate and exercises the duties ofthe President in case of the ' death o fthe Chief Executive. The Judicial department consists of a Supreme court and any minor courts The Suestablished by Congress. preme court consists of one Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. These Justices hold office for life except in case of impeachment. This Judicial department is most important for; it has the power of nullifying laws passed by Congress or by State Legislatures which are against the Constitu - . I tion and which violate the rights of the people. In this way it serves as an agency to see that the provisions of the Constitution are kept and that the rights of the people are upheld. The Constitution also provides certain privileges for states and citizens. For states, it provides that all the official acts of one state must be given full faith and credit in another. It guarantees also to every state a Republican form of government, protection from Invasion and that every state must deliver up to the authorities of another, on the demand of these authorities, any fugitives from justice originally of the second state found within its borders. To citizens, it guarantees that every citizen of one state shall be given the full privileges of a citizen in the several states. The Constitution also provides for its own amendment and adoption. otel Thus in the Constitution complete in every detail from the founding of a government down to the provisions for that governments adoption. It is the most complete document ever drawn up in history for it leaves no phase of government untouched and it meets all occasions that will ever spring up in our history, by its provision for its own amendment. But a foreigner, picking up a copy of it, might say that a piece of paper containing about four thousand words could not be the supreme law of a vast territory like the United States. He would be true for the paper and words are not. The whole law is the expounding of the doctrines contained on the paper and in the words.. Thus in our Constitution not only complete but also concise. We, as United States citizens, may well be proud of our Constitution. None like it have ever taf) Cafeteria Seating Capacity 500 Our Popular Price Cafeteria will please you uO - GOOD MUSIC UNEXCELLED SERVICE SENSIBLE PRICES .1 GEO. O. RELF, Managing Director United States Smelting, Refining & Mining Co. Buyers of MATTE, FURNACE PRODUCTS and FLOTATION LEAD ZINC ORE NEWHOUSE BLDG. SALT LAKE, UTAH |