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Show The Paper That Dares To Take A Stand November 10, 1977 The Utah Independent Page 11 PANAMA TREATY Continued from page 10 Article XIV Settlement of Disputes In the 'went that any question should arise between the Parties concerning the interpretation of this Treaty or related agreements, they shall make every effort to resolve the matter through consultation in the appropriate committees established pursuant to this Treaty and related agreements, or, if appropriate, through diplomatic chan nels. In the event the Parties are unable to resolve a particular matter through such means, they may, in appropriate cases, agree to submit the matter to conciliation, mediation, arbitration, or such other procedure for the peaceful settlement of the dispute as they may mutually deem appropriate. The United States of America and the Republic of Panama have agreed upon the following: Article I The Republic of Panama declares that the Canal, as an international transit waterway, shall be permanently neutral in accordance with the regime established in this Treaty. The same regime of neutrality shall apply to any other international waterway that may be built either partially or wholly in the territory of the Republic of Panama. . Article II The Republic of Panama declares the neutrality of the canal in order that both in time of peace and in time of war it shall remain secure and open to peaceful transit by the vessels of ail nations on terms of entire equality, so that there will be n 6 discrimination against any nation, or its citizens or subjects, concerning the conditions or charges of transit, or for any other reason, and so that the canal, and therefore the Isthmus of Panama, shall not be the target of reprisals in any armed conflict between other nations of the world. The foregoing shall be subject to the following requirements: (a) Payment of tolls and other charges for transit and ancillary services, provided they have been fixed in conformity with the provisions of Arti- (c); (b) Compliance with applicable rules and regulations, provided such rules and regulations are applied in conformity with the provisions of Article III; For purposes of the security, efficiency and proper maintenance of the Canal the following rules shall apply: (a) the canal shall be operated efficiently in accordance with conditions of transit through the Canal, and rules and regulations that shall be iust, equitable and reasonable, and limited to those necessary for safe navigation and efficient, sanitary operation of the canal; (b) ancillary services necessary for transit through the oanal shall' be provided: (c) tolls and other charges for transit and sncilary services shall be justJ reasonable, equitable and consistent! with the principles of international law! of transit, vest (d) as a sels may be required to establish cleaij-lthe financial responsibility and guarantees for payment of reasonable and adequate indemnification, consistent with international practice and standards, f ordamages resulting from acts or ommissions of such vessels when passing through the canal. In the case of vessels owned or operated by a State or for which it has acknowledged responsibility, a certification by that State that it shall observe its obligations under international law to pay for damages resulting from the act or omission of such vessels when passing through the Canal shall be deemed sufficient to establish such financial re sponsibility; (e) vessels of war and auxiliary vessels of all nations shall at all times be entitled to transit the canal, irrespective of their internal operation, means of propulsion, origin, destination or armament, without being subjected, as a condition of transit, to inspection, search or surveillance. However, such vessels may be required to certify that they have complied with all applicable health, sanitation and quarantine regulations. In addition, such vessels shall be entitled to refuse to disclose their internal operation, origin, armament, cargo or destination. However, auxil iary vessels may be required to present written assurances, certified by an official at a high level of the Government of the State requesting the exemption, that Ihey are owned or operated by that Government and In this case are being used only on Government noncommercial service. pre-conditi- on y P For the purposes of this treaty, the auxilvessel of war, vessels commit no acts of hostility iary vessel, arinternal operation while in the canal, and mament and inspection shall have (d) such other conditions and restric- the meanings assigned them in Annex tions as are established by this treaty. A to this treaty. Done at Washington this 7th day of September, 1977. in duplicate, in the English apd Spanish languages, both texts being equally authentic. Dl that transiting terms Canal, (c) the requirement Article in The Carter administration proposes to grant amnesty to millions of aliens illegally in our country. According to Ci e n e ra 1 Leonard F . Chapman, former, Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization, these illegal aliens are taking millions of jobs, both skilled and unskilled that rightfully to Americans. belonged Those granted amnesty could legally bring in relatives. David North of the Center for Labor and Migration Studies estimates that Mexican aliens given amnesty might bring in an average of four or dependants each. five So amnesty would mean, not six million more legal residents, but 25 to 30 million more. In addition, an amnesty program would be an admission that the American government will not enforce our immigration laws. Amnesty would result in a flood of millions of new illegals hoping to benefit from a later grant of amnesty. Write your representatives in Congress. Tell them you want: 1. a law against employing illegal aliens; 2. more funds for the border patrol; 3. deportion, not amnesty, for illegal aliens. -- The Ad Hoc Council for American Rights Protocol to Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal Article I Article VII Whereas the maintenance of the neutrality of the Panama Canl is Important not only to the commerce and security of th Un:ted States of America and he Renubic of Panama, but to the peace and security of the Western Hemisphere and to the interests of world commerce as well; Whereas the regime of neutrality which the United state;of America and the Republic of Panama hve agreed to maintain will ensure permanent access to the Canal by vessels of all nations on the basis of entire equality; Whereas the said regime of effective neutrality shall constitute the best protection for the Onal and shall ensure the absence of any hostile act against it: The Contracting Parties to this Protocol have agreed upon the following: The Contracting .Parties, hereby, the regime of permanent he Canal established in for itv neutral the Trent1' Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal and associate themselves with its objectives. ac-?norle- dge Article II 2 The Organization of American States shall act as the depositary for this treaty and related instruments.. Article VIII This treaty shall be subject to ratification in accordance with the constitutional procedures of the two Parties. The instruments of ratification of this Treaty shall be exchanged &t Panama at the same time as the instruments of ratification of the Panama Canal Treaty, signed this date, are exchanged. This treaty shall enter into force, simultaneously with the Panama Cana! Treaty, six calendar months from' the date of the exchange rof the instruments of ratification. Parties agree to ob-the regime of perma- -; The Contracting serve and respect nent neutrality of the Canal m time of war as in' time of peace, and to ensure that vessels of their registry strictly observe the applicable rules. Article m The United States of America and the Republic of Panama shall jointly sponsor a resolution in the Organization of American States opening to accession by all' States .pf the world the protocol to this treaty whereby all the signatories will adhere to the objectives of this treaty, agreeing to respect the regime of neutrality set forth herein. m This Protocol shall be open to acces-.:- n by 5i t:tes f the worid, and r.hal 'nter into forc for each State ?r hre cf deposit of its insn'--.of' accession wth the Secretary General of 'he Organization of American . mt States. Article IV Annex i) Canal includes the existing Panama Canal, the entrances thereto, and the territorial seas of the Republic of Panama adjacent thereto, as defined on the map annexed hereto (Annex B), and waterway in any other which the United States of America is a participant or in which the United States of America has participated in connection with the construction, or fininancing, that may be operated wholly or partially within the territory of the Republic of Panama, the eninter-ocean- ic trances thereto and the territorial seas adjacent thereto. The United States of America and the Republic of Panama agree to maintain the regime of neutrality established in this Treaty, which shall be maintained . in order that the Canal shall remain permanently neutral, notwithstanding the termination of any other treaties entered into by the two contracting Parties. bearing the external marks distinguishing warships of its nationality, under the command of an officer duly com- Article V 3 . After the termination of the Panama Canal Treaty, only the Republic of Panama shall oprate the canal and maintain military rorces, defense sites a.id military installations within its national territory. Article VI m In recognition of the important contributions of the United States of America and of the Republic of Panama to the construction, operation, mante-nanc- e, and protection and defense of the Canal, vessels of war and auxiliary vessels of those nations shall, notwithstanding any other provisions of this treaty, be entitled to transit the Canal irrespective of their internal operation, means of propulsion, origin, destination, armament or cargo carried. Such vessels of war and auxiliary vessels will be entitled to transit the canal expeditiously. 2 m Vessel of war .means a ship belonging to the naval forces of a State, and missioned by the Government and whose name appears in the Navy List, and manned by a crew which is under regular naval discipline. Auxiliary vessel means any ship, not a vessel of war, that is owned or operated by a State and used, for the. time being, exclusively on Government noncommercial service. 14 Internal operation' encompasses all machinery and propulsion systems, as well as the management and control of the vessel, including its crew. It does not include the measures necessary to transit vessels under the control of pilots while such vessels are in the canal. 5 Armament means arms, ammunitions, implements of war and other equipment of a vessel which possesses characteristics appropriate for use for warlike purposes. 6 includes Inspection examination of vessel structure, cargo armament and internal operation. It does not include those measures strictnor ly necessary for admeasurement, to those measures strictly necessary assure safe, sanitary transit and naviga-tion, including examination of deck, and visual navigation equipment, nor in the case of live cargoes, such as cattle or other livestock, that may carry communicable diseases, those measures necessary to assure that health and sanitation requirements are satisfied. on-boa- rd s The United.States of America, so long as it has responsibility for the operation .of the canal, may continue to proe vide the Republic of Colombia transit through the canal for its troops, vessels. and materials of war. Thereafter the Republic of Panama may provide the Republic of Columbia and the Republic pf Costa Rica with the right of toll-fre- e transit. toll-fre- |