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Show MDLLIGAIS IRISH BRIGADE. familiar with the athring event! FAILJt AND GARDEN. (ho war of the rebellion. "Lay me down and save the flag." he OF INTEREST TO ;said to thoae who were bearing him. MATTERS AGRICULTURISTS. mortally wounded, from the Held. The "Irish brigade" fought nobly for their country; they did more they Soma II lute About Cul raised an enthusiasm that recruited tivation of (bo Doll and Helds many thousands of troops and Impar'ed Thereof Horticulture, Viticulture nnd boldness to timid hearts. Their glory Floriculture, has not yet faded will never fade. Tu have been a follower of Mulligan In an New Zealand Hairy Wisdom. honor which no American disputes. Carl W. Sorensen. Dairy Instructor, New Zealand, amongst other matters MONEY IN PIC STICKING. reported, says: Two (ilrW In thn lludnei ami Making Cream. Thla la anHood Thing of It. 3 other fault still frequently met with In these advanced days it is difficult for which the factory manager alone for, a woman to find a livid of endeavor la responsible. To keep cream for two which has as yet been unexplored by days during warm weather at a temmembers of her Skilled lawyers perature above 65 deg. cannot have any In conand doctors are turned out by the score other result but annually, and no surprise is caused by nection with this question, I Cad two Ibe discovery of women real estate and samples of butter analyzed one made dry goods dealers, gardeners, florists, from cream ripened mildly in eighteen captains of sailing vessels and mana- to twenty hours, the other from cream hours' ripenMi-- s gers of WoEcy of Cin- subjected to forty-eigd The from or ing. sample cinnati and Miss Ordway Kentucky of 0.9 cream casein, contained cent, per new, have, however, struck something containwhile the sample busiinto (lie gone having pigsticking ed 1.14 per cent. As the keeping qualness lu the latter stale They havn ity of butter depends largely on the foe on operation already been carrying will a year, and have realized such a good- amount of casein It contains, it conseen that under equal be readily ly profit from their first year's business ditions the over-rip- e sample would that they nre going Inin it this year "go off" more the other. than rapidly on a much larger scale. Roth the young For our export trade only a mild ripwomen who have started out in this ening of the cream is advisable. novel undertaking hare always held Preservatives. The experience of high social positions and been great fa- the past season has strengthened the vorites. Their respective families are position I took up in my last annual well off in this world's goods and ap- report that the use of preservatives is parently there has been no reason why not only unnecessary, but injurious to either of them should be obliged to the reputation of the purity of our butwork. Everything in connection with ter. I would again respectfully urge the business has been carried on quietly the necessity for legislation prohibitIn Kentucky. The young women have ing the use of any such (except comtaken the entire charge of the business mon salt) by means of an amendment and have personally superintended the to the Dairy Industry act A number buying of the pigs as well ae the dis- of factory managers who previously the posal of them. They have developed used preservatives have during and remarkable business ability and their past year discontinued to do so, outin no case has the quality of their knowledge Is thought of great value suffered in consequence. On the put even by experts In the business. Both reports have been received tbe young women are averse to talking contrary, of the leading merchants in tram some about what they have accomplished, London to effect that New Zealand the but on good authority it is stated that hatter this season surpassed itself in they cleared $1,000 apiece last year. It quality. As only a small proportion Is said this year already tbe profits are of our butter is treated with preservalarger In proportion than for the same tives, such statements may be taken time last year and there are many or- as evidence that preservatives are not ders ahead. Be that as It may. neither essential to its keeping quality. The Miss Woolley nor Miss Ordway has presence of preservatives In butter la seen fit to relax In tbe least tha con- now regarded In England as an adulstant supervision of their undertaking. teration. We would do well to follow They have not felt called upon to the lead of the Danish and French govleave home or tnrn their hacks upon ernments In prohibiting their use altosociety, but attend to their business aa gether. Skim-Mil- k and Tuberculosis. Just a business nM would, devoting so as which cause bacteria the tm and hours arrangftach day many a certain temperature are at affJfrs to able destroyed bat are their ing they aa take a holi&F for a month or elx so can the germs of disease, such he etc., measles, tuberculosis, typhus, In know summer. weeks By thoae who a them It It said that tbe accounts are rendered harmless If subjected' to is It temperature. kept by the women themselves and the sufficiently high that I entries are most mysterious, while the with the germs of tuberculosis for alconcerned, am here specially system of bookkeeping is one that baa though this subject may at first never yet been made public. thought appear to belong to the veterinary department I will show that the A WAR STORY. dairy factories play a very important in the matter. At present their part Confadar-at-a a Trlhatn Brava to Gaatrona influence is decidedly evil, and it la to Offlcar. point out how their power for harm The day before Gen. Lee surrenmay be changed to good that the subdered," eald a confederate officer the is introduced here. We are told other day to a Philadelphia Press man. ject that tuberculosis is prevalent; that "I erased Sailor's creek, a email stream the milk from a cow with a tubercuIn Prince Edward county. Virginia, lous udder will transmit the disease to which follows the track of the Richman or beast fed on it; that tubercumond & Danville railroad and empties losis of the udder is not always easy into the Appomattox river. There was of detection, particularly In the early only a handful of my company left and stages; and that there is scarcely a as I reached (he summit of the hill factory In the colony into which the which skirts its eastern bank I turned milk of at least one tuberculous cow In see If the fed era Is who had been does not find its way. In the factory hotly pursuing us were in view. it la mixed with the milk of hundreds As I did so I observed a man wearof other cows, and the cream extracted, Impregnated ing the uniform of a confederate officer while the skim-mildivided tide slowly along the precipitous side with tubercle bacilli, is of the stream opposite ua and evidently amongst the suppliers, and by them taken home to feed their calves, pigs searching for a crossing. At this moment a long blue line of and poultry on. In this way the calves federal infantry ci owned the hill above, contract the disease. In Denmark it in full view and within easy range of has been discovered that one calf in tbe horseman. Apparently abandonevery eight becomes affected through ing all hope of escape, the latter turned tha milk It drinks. It is a very rare and rode directly toward the enemy's thing for a calf to be born with tuberculosis. The percentage ia less than line. As we watched him. breathless one In a hundred. But before six with anxiety lest the signal of surrenmonths old 13 per cent react under the sudder should be too long delayed, he There is no doubt the denly wheeled about, put spurs to hie tuberculin test source of infection, is the milk horse, and. dashing down the declivity, factory to consider farmers behooves it and cleared the stream with a bound. Not of tbe nature the question. It is grave a shot was fired at tbe bold rider. As for risk serious a any supplier very he reached the opposite bank a sponhis best to eradicate tutaneous shout went up from the whole who Is trying from his herd to rear his line a generous tribute from the brave berculosis milk unless it has on calves factory 10 the brave. A moment after tbe conboon pasteurized. By pasteurizafirst federate was In the midst of us and we tion we can safely and cheaply obviate in him Gen. James A. recognized All that Is necessary is to Walker the commander of the old all danger. the milk to 175 deg., for not until heat .Stonewall brigade" this temperature is reached can safety be guaranteed. Flaffr-Prlut- i in Flaoo Tucking. Training Gntpn. Finger prints obtained by applying and pressing E. G. Lodeman, In Department of pigment to the finger-tip- s them on a smooth surface have been Agriculture Report: tried as a means of Identification. It Hudson Horizontal System. This is now proposed to use them to test typical form of horizontal grape traing The Impression made ing may be found In a number of on the keys by the fingers of a performvineyard situated near the Hudson er will be Indications of bis methods, river. The stem of the vine la about and will serve to show whether he 15 Inches high, from its upper part a touches the keys In the same way as a rane la carried to tbe top of the trellis, and then It is bent toward one side s good performer, whose may be usri ns a standard The prints and tied to the top wire of the trellis. may he taken fer different kinds of It Is made long In order that the plant work on the instrument, so as to help may be supplied with a proper numThe trellis carries only ber of butt explain tbe secret of tcuch." Cre tfp-to-D- How the Famous Regiment was Recruited and Fought. Orer-RIpenl- (From Chicago Chronicle.) Rally!. All Irishmen In favor of forming a regiment of Irish volunteers to sustain the government of the Unit ed States In nnd through the war wilt rally at North Market hall this evening. April 20. at 7:30 o'clock. Come all. For the honor of the old land, rally! Rally for the defense of the new!" Thla notice appeared In all tha Chicago newspapers on April 20. 1861. Five days before Gov. Yates had issued a call for troops and the patriotic fervor of the people was at a white heat. Enlistment had already commenced. Capt. Joseph Kellogg having begun the work of recruiting a company on April IS. Those whose knowledge of wfcr and con- I war times Is limited to the present Diet with Spain have small conception of the excitement that swept over the land, rising nowhers to a higher pitch than in Chicago, when Fort Sumter was fired upon and the president Issued a call for 75.000 troops. The call for a meeting of the loyal Irishmen of the city, which was signed by James A. Mulligan, M. C. McDonald land eleven other Irish citizens, was Iroyally responded, North Market hall being thronged to the doors. James jA. Mulligan, an eloquent young Irlsh-- i American lawyer, delivered a ringing speech, as did several others, and the work of recruiting the real business of the evening was begun. No urging :was required, men presenting them-- ; selves faster than they could sign the iron. In an hour and a half S25 names l had been enrolled. , The Movamoats Beginning. This meeting was but the beginning of the patriotic enthusiasm which spsedlly seized upon the people, and applications for admission to the Irish brigade, as the prospective regiment had been already named, continued to pour In, not from Chicago alone, hut from all portlona of northern Illinois, one body of Detroit Irishmen offering Within a week 1.20O their eervlce. names were elgned and the regiment ,waa complete. . Illinois has ever been one of the most loyal of all the states of the union. The (call of Gov. Yates was responded to with such alacrity that many more olunteera offered themselves than I I ! I pany D, Earl rifles of Earlvllle, 111.; of Morris, 111.; company E, Ogden company F, Douglas guards of La Salie county, III.; company G, O'Mahoney rifles of Chicago; company I, Shield's guards, A. of Chicago; company JC. Shield's guards. B, of Chicago. A I I un Unilv of linn. A more splendid body of men from a physical and patriotic standpoint has never offered Its services to a country than the "Irish brigade." which was mustered into the service of the United States June 15, 18G1, by Capt. T. (2. Ditcher, U. S. A. They were already fairly well drilled, having had dally meetings at Kane's brewery, on Polk street, which had been converted into Fontenroy barracks. On Aug. 31. 1861, the Irish brigade," which had been recruited up to 1,135 Infantry, 135 cavalry and seventy-si- x artillerists, a determined and formidable body of men, was ordered by Gen. Fremont to proceed from Jefferson City, Mo., where they had been serving as a guard to the legislature, then In session, to Lexington, 160 miles up the river. Here Col. Mulligan was In command of 2.800 men. his regiment havthe First Illinois Caing valry, which was already on the spot. Ilin Firat Engngnmant. The confederates were bent on taking tbe city, the most important point In tbe state, and Gen. Sterling Price soon appeared with 28,000 men. Outnumbered ten to one, poorly provisioned and suffering from lack of water Col. Mulligan made determined defense. Called upon by Price to surren-de- r and agree to fight no more on Missouri soil, brave Mulligan replied: ' Tbe Irish brigade makes no compromise." At length, after a resistance that fairly electrified all nothern hearts and called forth expressions of praise from the confederates, Col Mulligan was forced to surrender, the devoted Irishmen destroying their green flag In preference to yielding It to the enemy. The total union loss In killed and wounded was 107. About 1,500 prisoners were paroled and departed for SL Louis, where the "Irish brigade" was mustered out of the service Oct. 8. 1861. Col . ng s. tea-rcom- over-ripene- ht s. mildly-ripene- over-ripen- k, steel-tippe- COL. MULLIGAN AND STAFF. could be accepted a condition which we have recently seen repealed. The Irish brigade was not accepted under cither the first or second rail for troops, and a feeling of the deepest disappointment took possession of its members, many of whom believed that they were being discriminated against. Mulligan was retained as a prisoner of war. but was soon exchanged, reaching Chicago Nov. 8. 1861. lie was treated with great consideration by Gen. Price, wbo, in appreciation of his gallantry, refused to accept his sword. The splendid services of the "Irish brigade had attracted the attention of the entire nation; like tbe revolutonll Mot Dlhanl A meeting of the regiment was railed tion. the civil war had now its "Lexto decide by vote whether they should ington" On Dec 20. ISRI. congress disband, as some other organizations adopted s Joint resolution, offered by Isaac N. Arnold or Chlrngo. tn which s This resolution had already dune wnnn a they formally thanked Col. Mulligan full and rather pul. after and his gallant men for the delense of mu memof out four onlv discussion, The bers present voted yen. The Mulligan Lexington against great odds resolution authorized the regiment to boys had enlisted for the war Supported by a letter from Senator hear upou their colors tbe word Douglas, whose life was tast passing Shortly before Ibis. Dec 10. 1861, the way, Col. Mulligan departed Tor Washwas restored to the United hav17 succeeded on in and regiment May ington ing his recruits accepted as an inde- States service and recruited to its maxpendent regiment for the war. to be imum rorce. Until July. 1862. the "Irknown as tbe Twenty-thir- d regiment ish brigade" remained In Chicago, actThis was the ing as a guard for Camp Douglas, when of Illinois volunteers first Independent organization accepted It was sent to Virginia, where It did from the state gallant services on many battlefields, The regiment ns formally organized uot being mustered out of the service consisted of ten full companies, ns fol- until July. 1865 The heroic death of Col. Mulligan lows: Company A. IMroit .lerkson guards of Detroit. Mich.; ecfnpany I). while fighting the main body of Gen Montgomery guards of Chicago; com- Jubal A. Early's army at Kernslown. pany C, Chicago JackFon guards; coin- - Va., July 24, 1864. Is known to ail who be-in- - Lei-Ington- ." ss. d piano-playin- finger-print- i two wires, the lowest being about feet from the ground, the top onej first. These; about 3 feet above t wires are not deslgni.. ..j bear direct-- j ly the weight of the vines, but slats are fastened to them, and these slats support much of the weight of the fruit and foliage. One slat, a lath, la placed on each side of the vine and about a foot from it. The lath Is stapled so that only a few inches project below the lower vine, while abouti a foot extends above the upper. As the shouts in early summer become long enough to allow of their being! tied to these upright slats, they arei so fasts ned as to be held In practlc&llr! a horizontal position. Frequently two; more alats are used, one being placed about 12 Inches from each of those at first put on; eventually the shoots are also tied to these; such upright pieces should be considered as forming an Integral part of the trellis. They are firmly stapled to the wire, and remain there until they decay or become! broken. Modifications of this system are. found both in American and European vineyards. In the Hudson River valley the vertical alata are sometimes' absent, but two or three extra wires on the trellis answer the same pur-- , pose. As the shoots from the upright; cane develop they cling to the wires without the aid of summer tying, orj at most but very little of this work, is done. The shoots in consequence, do not assume a perfectly horizontal! position, but they ascend at an angle of about 45 degrees. The bearing portion of the vine is renewed each) year. In several of the large vlne-- j yards of the Midoc, near Bordeaux,; France, a system is found that is alm- -j liar, in many respects, to the Hudson system. The one essential difference Is that the upright cane is there permanent, and it forms a vertical armj or cordon, which is spurred from each! Bide, the spurs being kept as Bhort as possible. The shoots which annually grow, from these spurs are fastened horl-- j zontally to the wires of the trellis, the1 number of wires varying from four to six or more, aa the vigor of the plants may require; the distance between the wires le from 12 to 15 Inches. This eyetem is equivalent to a vertical oor- don, a form which la commonly used on walla and in certain greenhouses.' It has also been termed an upright stock with alternate spurs," the de- scrlption of the system being fairly well included in the name. J Tha Slaughter of Birds. An investigation by the New York Zoological society Into the destruction of bird and animal life in the United States .has shown that in fonr-tmfof the area of the Unite!! States, exclusive of Alaska, bird life la being annihilated, edible birds are rare add on the point of extinction, and plumo birds are practically extinct W. Tj Hornaday, director of the New York Zoological Park, in a paper read before the section of biology of the New, York Academy of Sciences, referred to the societys investigation, and used considerable of the data to be pub- lished in the report He said: A series of questions regarding the decrease and its causes was sent to correspondents in all parts of the country. Answers were received from some 200 observers, Including guides, collectors, sportsmen, and taxidermists, from every state and territory In the union. Ninety per cent of the answers showed that they had been compiled with great care, and the cloeeneBs with which the estimates in different states agreed was surprising as well aa important in determining the scientific value of the data furnished. Eighty per cent of the correspondents declared that the decrease in bird life was unmistakable. With regard to the causes of destruction, the majority agreed in attributing the blame to' sportsmen first of all, to boys who shoot second, and to the clearing of timber for cities aa the third and most important cause. Scarcely less deadly to the birds were the feather hunt-er- . r ej a. The decrease has been largest In Florida, being 99 per cent in fifteen years; Connecticut, Indian Territory, and Montana, each 75 per cent; Indiana, 60; Illinois, 38; Wisconsin, 40, and Nebraska only 10 per cent. Testing Soils for Acids. A correspondent of Rural New Yorker who believes In sweetening acid soils by the use of unslaked lime tells how he knows when his soil needs lime: I test it with blue litmus paper, which can be had at drugstores. Mil a small bowl half full of soil from different places in the field, add enough water to make a stiff paste and let it stand fifteen minutes. Don't handle the paper when wet with the fingers. With a table fork push a strip of litmus paper 1 by 3 inches into the soil and let it stand four minutes, then with the fork take it out, rinse off the mud from the paper and dry it. If ittor drying the paper stays red there Is evidence that the soil needs lime. The redder the paper the more lime the soil needs. If the paper on becoming dry turns hack quite blue, then the oil does not need lime." The average mai rooms to think' that others expect too much of him. i 1 -! |