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Show if bti ( i,,,1tmiMttilkme,lmMiuiiml, aw PAYSON THK PAYSON CHKONin.K. Brucharts Washington Digest ' Only Time Can Test Advantages Of I lavana Conference Agreemen UTAH Trade Ends in Foreign Competition For U. S. if Britain Falls. Sav s Lippmann Finn; Kathleen Norris Savs ", (Tifleascl by Wrs'ru, rii .p'-- 14 it. Better Days Are Union.) (Bell Syndicate that, a free economy, such as Americans have known, cannot survive in a world that is elsewhere under a reeime of mili-- I KCLARING I.ui- - VnimYan Flan for Colonics Enlarges tin Scope Of Famous Monroe Doctrine and Assures Enforcement of Its Fro inons. tary socialism, Hv Ml.IHM BRlCKAKT HM .Service, National Press Bldg., Washing ton, I). C. WASHINGTON. Although copybooks long since have disappeared and the school systems seem to have Value of Agreement la Highly Controversial Tin re are many objections possible of statement ri pectirig this new treaty arrangemi nt. None can foretell whither those objections have merit or not. Nor can anyone in this day ray with certainty that the program will guarantee rlthi r peace or war. In most arguments that we er American republics participatstatement whether its advaned, brought into being an agreement tages outweigh its disadvantages, or whereby all of the nations m North whether the reverse is true. and South America, excepting CanTo get back to the copybook line ada and the possessions of European that time brings changes," it may nations, will work together in de- be pointed out properly that the fense, military or otherwise. It was United States has bound itself to a meeting that must be placed in defend all of Soulli and Central large print in history because it told America. It may be said, morethe whole world that the Monroe over. that the Havana treaty exDoctrine still exists and will be enthe Monroe Doctrine beyond pands forced. any of the original meaning of the The Havana conference was notastatement made by President James ble and historical in another way. It Monroe. Or, it ofTers ground for established for the first time, as a argument that the United States is policy of the United States, a de- - taking upon itself the guardianship of all of the Americas, since it is a fact that the United States navy is the only navy wortiiy of a name in all of the Western hemisphere. Fate of Small Republics Has Become Very Important These changes have taken place. Of that, there can he little doubt. But there remains the condition tiiat confronts all of the nations of North and South America. We do not know in this country what inlluences are operative in South and Central America. Of course, it is known that subversive agents Hitler and Mussolini and Stalin are busy in We can see various signs Mexico. of the boring that is taking place in other nations. But the truth is tliat we have no real knowledge of how much progress has been made or whether the parasites that are within the body politic of the Latin countries have left only a PKESIDENT JAMES MONROE shell of solidarity on the surface for His policy hat become a tradition. us to see. These things, if they do exist, are termination to use our national dehighly dangerous to the United fense our army, our navy, our air force in protecting not only our own States. How dangerous they are, shore lines, but the shore lines of our time atone will tell, but time has brought the changes that force the sister nations of the Western hemiUnited States to build something in sphere. nature of protective fence. The the In other words, the conference question is whether that fence shall which is described as the be on our frontier with Mexico and Agreement on Colonies, or whether it shall be a Canada, did these things: (1) it determined fence along the shores of the Atif to be taken any European lantic and the Pacific, and whether steps in the Western hemipossession the United States can build a fence sphere were threatened with trans- at all to make trespassers keep out. forto another fer of sovereignty It was only a few years ago that eign nation; (2) it established a new the Washington government was sort and base for trade the South American repubof letting economic relations so that inroads lics hold their elections with gunfire by any European or Asiatic power of it. Now, will be made more difficult; (3) it and thinking nothing to us. are those elections important prepared the way for dealing with, The United States cannot go down and the control of. agents of foreign the elections. and there supervise to carry on subverpowers seeking to dissive activities against the New That would be the surest way rupt the relations of a more or less world. peaceful character tliat exist between the various republics. Vet. Agreement Establishes New IVorld Solidarity anything that is done by any of those governments now, anything of structure internathis Under tional agreement, there Is set up ma- that atlects their status in relation to any other nation ia the New chinery which will provide someworld, becomes a matter paramount thing of a guardianship a protectorate for British and French and in importance. Dutch Guiana. The British section U. S. Must Bear Burden of that three-par- t country, of course, Of War in Americas is still subject to British rule. Nothe knows of status Probably, the Havana convention body exactly the French and Dutch sections, since will come tn for some wry harsh Hitler forced France to her knees criticism. It likely will be said by some, for instance, that it is anand wreaked havoc with Holland. other step in the direction of war To date, the situation Is not thorand that its terms will result in oughly clear how this protectorate American troops being used all over It can be said, howwill work. America at some time in the South the idea is definite and ever, that conclusive and that any move to future. To the extent tliat the Unittransfer Dutch and French Guiana ed States must fight if war comes the Hato tiiis side of the Atlantic to Germany will meet with resistance. The United States and its vana treaty will send our troops sister republics simply have said to south of the border. It may be that Hitler and the others In Europe: such a result would have to come, stay on your own side of the At- anyway, whether the United States lantic, we don't want you over here was aligned with Its sister republics or nob and you shall not come here. If war comes our way and I see So, any fair interpretation of the Havana International meeting means no reason for it to come over here that (1) a principle has been estab- the United States is going to have to carry the burden. The United lished. (2) that means of supporthas the great stake and it States that and have enforcing ing principle defend must tliat stake. So, the been created, and (3) that any of question turns on whether it is wise the nations of North or South Amerto take in so much territory by a ica can act against any foreign power and will do so with the agreed written agreenunt. or whether to approval of the others. It is a pow- persist in following the doctrine of erful tiling and, if it holds, there is President Monroe as is now a tradition, dealing with the problems as established an entirely new solidarithey arise. ty within the New world As I said, none can tell yet how the Havana treaty is going to woik OK PROBLEM COLONIES out. If it w uks out as planned, it ConTiie recent has plenty of merit, nous phases If ference on Colonies receives a some of the South American repubthorough analysis by William lics kick ever the traces, as they correBruikart, Washington lane been known to do, me HaenThis conference spondent. vana treaty w,il la' jus t ..iin'jar larged the scope of the M nroe scrap if paper. For Ike tore he ng, Doctr,ne to establish Virtual prohowever, tiie a gi ei meat is an j tectorate.-, over European posses cclleut talking point, in any ivent. sions in the Americas. Brock f u It ,s n 't.ee th.it a i ait believes that the true va'.e j. C c n i e n a had r ..h be'.'er ti, of this g'vemment Cannot he s deto nci bif'te .'in;: "ig ki: i.'.ii until it has stood the test cide the fate ' i.,.r lean p of time ileie. from-witlu- Ahec Service., Walter Lipp- - mann, writing in Life, empha- - sizes that there are four great industrial concentrations in the world, the American, the European, the Russian a ,d the Japanese; that if Britain omitted the "R" from reading, is of Uie truth an conquered the European, nlhmetic, writ.ng the copy hues remains indisputathe Russian and the Asiatic ble. One line, time brings changes," industrial systi ms will all be continues to be basic fact and it ap- hear in Washington di eussions, by military govern-- ; operated claims tliat appear sound are adplies to nations as well as individuals. If proof were needed as to the vanced both f ir and against the rnents as severely regirnent-- ! ed collectivist systems. The truth of the adage, recent develop- value and gineral merit of I'm Haments at Havana, Cuba, surely cun vana treaty. The thing will have following is a summary of the be used. to be studied and will have to be in ideas presented l,y Walter The conference at Havana, In operaMon for a tune, I believe, bewhich the United Stales and 21) othfore anyone can make an unequivo-ca- l Lippmann. The American area I WNU n manufacturing around such centers as Chicago, Detroit. Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Wil-- : mington. New York, Birmingham and so forth may soon contain the only primary workshops on earth in which private property still persists under constitutional guaranties, in which the managers, the workers, the shareholders are not under the direct command of an National Socialist or Communist government. In this American industrial region alune private firms may still be bargaining collectively; workers may still be free to quit their jobs nnd great industrialists like Henry Ford may still be free to refuse to make tiie airplane motors that government policy calls for; banks, insurance companies and private capitalists may still be free to invest or not to invest in tills or tliat enterprise. In the other industrial regions none of these liberties remain, and If the British commonwealth is conquered and subjugated and revolunone of these liberties tionized, which are normal in the American way of conducting industry will be No Private Rights. Even though nominally and in appearance some of the outward forms of capitalism may still survive, in fact totalitarian industry is regimented and directed by a dictatorial government. There is property. But it has no rights as against the government. There are contracts. But there are no contracts, private or public, that the government may not modify or break. There is no competition among exporters and importers except that which the state cartels and the government which controls foreign exThe export change will permit. prices of goods are controlled by the government. t Pr (liter at ,de, sale abroad may Loading of ships with American products for become a rarity if the British empire falls before the onslaught of the Axis potters, for the export markets of the world will then be dominated by the totalitarian industrial monopolies and America 1 his is the belief of If alter xt ill fact a menacing economic future. I ,i ppmtinn, noted uriter and economist. Imports are contr lied by tiie government; lrnpiis are n t bought by of the gwverini rd The wagis of ibor, the hours of labor, the mo emeu's of labor are set by tiie deciees of the government. The ci nquei d peoples work as prisoners of war. Industry as a whole js d, rooted for the purposes of the state to produce armaments, to obtain supplies abroad, to establ.sh political power abroad. Trade by Government Monopolies. If this system established itself finally in Europe and Asia, our own manufacturers, our own farmers and miners and the farmers and miners of South America will no longer be trading and competing with private firms and private producers. They will be competing and trading with these gigantic government monopolies managed by dictators and backed by enormous armed forces. Under these conditions it is absurd to imagine that American manufacturers, farmers, miners, working men and investors can return to normalcy and do business as usual. If the rest of the world's industry accepts or sinks under totalitarian rule, no doubt we shall have somei ,g-- i se-ip- i, can do normal business by normal methods in such an absolutely abnormal condition of affairs is to mislead the people cruelly, to blind them to the need for tiie extraordi- nary measures of protection that they will have to have, to render them defenseless and then to take tiiern down the road to ruin. Tiie plain fact of the matter is that if Britain falls, then Europe, Asia and Africa will be ruled from Berlin, Moscow and Tokyo. Tiie American manufacturers will then be allowed to supply the totalitarian hemisphere with those products in which the totalitarian empires are temporarily deficient as a matter of fact, to supply them with those products which will be immediately necessary in order to make totalitarian industry entirely independent of American industry. American farmers and miners will be allowed to supply the totalitarian empires with the food and raw materials temporarily needed to tide them liver until they can make themselves independent of American supplies. And these temporary supplies will be paid for either in goods manufactured by the enslaved labor of Europe or in gold obtained by conquest (gold that we shall then have to bury in Kentucky) how to do some business with the or on credit asked of us in the name rest of the world. But for any pub- of humanity and of reconstruclic man to tell the people that they tion, credit that will never be and can never be repaid. At the same time the totalitarian industrial monopolies will take possession of the export markets of the Preparedness Sets Business Pace .LaSalle Map of Business Conditions. world. Finally, our domestic economy in the U. S. will face unprecedented difficulties. The disposal of the surpluses of agriculture, mining, and industry will have to be done in competition with the products of the enslaved, subjugated or vassal regions of Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. Tiie important raw materials in which we are deficient will have to bo obtained from the totalitarian monopolists. Inevitably we shall have to transform into armament industries many industries that now produce fur export. Inevitably we shall have to take hold of our food and surpluses and use them as instruments of economic raw-materi- warfare. The above map accompanying the August bulletin of V. S. business conditions issued by LaSalle Extension university, illustrates the current trade picture in various sections of the country. Business activity continues to expand; new orders in several industries are greater than output; volume of trade is 7r0 above 193 9. By L. G. ELLIOTT President, LaSalle Extension Vniiersily CHICAGO. The expansion of business which began in the latter part of April continues to gain momentum. The rate of production is now close to the highest point of the year, and in some lines it is not far from the peak that was reached last December. The steel industry has been the leader in the improvement which has already taken place. Operations have increased from 60 per cent of capacity in the early part of April, to 88 per cent. Domestic buying is active, and foreign orders have been received in large volume. These are expected to push tl e rate several per cent higher during the coming weeks. Even if foreign orders should dethe reduction will be more cline, COSTLY BRIDGE The war department says Boston must continue to furnish drawbridge service at night on three bridges oer Fort Point channel, although it rests the city $2,200 per boat. During tiie first eight months of 1939 only five vessels passed the bridges during those hours with payroll expenses totaling $11,363. The war department denied the city's petition for closing drawbridges from 10 p m. to 6 a. in. 1 he the n c.-- tWJll sC-aL- than counterbalanced by added preparedness expenditures. When the defense program gets under way the increase in government spending will provide as large market for industry as has the export trade during the first part of this year. The building industry has also been moving ahead steadily. The greatest gains have been made in engineering construction. Recently contracts awarded for this type of construction have reached the highest level in history. This program includes pr .jocts in nearly all parts of the Lni'id States, and will stimulate activity m many lines. In the textile industry activity lias been considerably increased at the woo'u-- mills, and the output of tiie cotton noils h.,s been maintained at a higher rate than usual Product. on of raj on continues to be large. Prices of commodities have remained ui.it.vely stable with onlj sn.ull decent s in the general average s.iu'e the sharp upward spurt at ti e eu'oit.tk of war last September. Krm prices have held firm and t, tai farm income for tiie first five mo: tns .1 the year was 10 per cent higher than during the correspond. ng j er.od last year. Crop respects are promising, and the estimates are fiat total output this year w.ll be above the average The vigor with which industry has progressed indicates tiie basic stieng'.h of cur economic system. To do this we shall inevitably hae to bring all foreign trade under government control. Inevitably we shall therefore have to bring di mos-liindustry under a control that fixes quotas, allocates raw materials and regulates prices. Inevitably we shall have to reduce the American standard of life. c exorably necessary if the to maintain its indepenc the indubitable price we to pay for deciding to let become isolated in a t Americans attemi business under a free, ct unorganized and unmana trial system would be sohlmrs try.ng to stop a tanks. In th.s ccndiben rf r.cut 1 ic d.stre-s- . the country vuded b' for( 'gu agents make deals with helpless. L.orant ar.d shorts. ghted teristb. These deals w.ll txpi use (T other private Ihc.v w.l; set one st eti com try renin.--t ;,t ; tier by ag oust ether industr.i minims that tl e lJ M to'uhtan.in be d only I by imp duced h enslaved lab r, cat: pete nineusly ;n ttu fi'r fiber Amen tr',s 0r 's i be net be Pi a.d i att stolen g, J, and will And J trie e; re 5 .... i ot e ti.; ,tp nc ob.uet, then TOests trial m.g.--.t nave bleu !.,! arum ki simt bm-.ed complin Capt This uar will end. Humiliations will be suallouedhearts broken ; children starved or destroyed by malnutrition-buried; and a great many loud voices will be silenced by death - By KATHLEEN NORRIS pamphlets came to TWO desk this morning, the Writers Anti-Wbureau for Anti-Wa- r Mobilization. If your interior economy, like mine, has been in something of a quiver of irrepressible terror over the war news of late, over the horrors that pour in upon us from the telephone, radio, movie news, press, the two treatises together form a fine tonic for todays excitement frantic and hysteria; the of word foolish and boast affectare and Italy Germany ing us all, and we are already looking skyward to see the parachute troops darkening our free skies. A victorious Germany, this article reminds us, wont be much better off than a defeated France and England. Famine is staring all Europe in the face now, victors and van- ar quished alike. Policing Task Tremendous. The complete picture of Hitler's policing job would look like this, according to the pamphlet. Forty two million million Frenchmen, forty-si- x British; seventeen million Belgians and Dutch; plus Norwegians, Poles, Danes, Czechs, Austrians and will bring the total to over one hundred fifty million per-- sons. Most of these, the essay states, "are more bitterly opposed to Hitler than we are they have more reason to be. Furthermore, inside DO.VT BE AFR.m America is as fres fmku oi imusion as she m L teen Aorns believes. She pm, tliat many years uill pm k Hitler am be ready to aiioci and a lot of things can hippa that time. If he does try ig r over here his inrading jieeu , be stopped long before they our shores, Miss Vorrii poi nn( oceans, is at a disadvantage, h why we are as nearly inracl. home as any country can be, L why it seems, to many won least, a foolish thing to carry u threats too far away from k Taking care of ourselves, rcai; ing a dignified attitude to rst. troubles overseas that are at' understood by us nor of our ing, would seem the wiser pohey would seem the characteristic i: ican policy. For while we are ing to help in every other way, and have so helped and we are willing to give political ognition to totalitarian govern everywhere, and have so is too much to expect 1 Ktri peaceful and friendly nation be scared into sharing in nn did nothing to create. m pens, wt Siient that ipid re train iquarte to the it Life Will Go On. This war will end. HumiLa: will be swallowed; prices 1 hearts broken; cti: on paid; starved or destroyed by tub.' tion; the dead will be buned; a great many loud voices ri E tie silenced by death. And whs new all emerge, adjusted to the less t ditions. recognizing a little er and pride in this nation, more power and pride in that aac of territory clipped o2 here tached there. of And for the great mass Prfi Germany itself all is not well . . . With this threatening mass of hatred around him, Hitler would probably think more than twice before he looked around for more enemies. Friends Now, Foes Later. The article goes on to sketch the situation of a completely triumphant Germany, holding a very shaky truce with Russia, it is true, for Stalin is none too comfortable a neighbor, and holding with Italy one of those compacts which, as weve all seen in the last disgraceful weeks, is all ready to be transferred to any new winner, as soon as that winner is declared. But suppose all that settled, and the European peoples, one hundred and fifty million strong, meekly herded into line; then we are to imagine Hitler turning toward us. His dead buried, the crippled activities of a dozen nations mended and shakily busy once more, the inevitable famine of the awful winter of 1940-4- 1 somehow survived, and the dictators themselves still alive which is always a big assumption-th- en theyre ready for us. The plan would be to establish a great military base in one of the Central American countries. But hundreds of thousands of men must be landed there before a gun can be fired, lines of communication opened, and guns, tanks, ammunition, hospitals, commissary, the tremendous stafTs of made engineers and mechanics available. Raw country must be opened, and the complete of the entire invaded country assured. And what would we be do- pean women the dayswas: si be what it always lot the man, a welcome pew butter babv, a little less of okl exchanges and fewer that cant for new; pleasures there kept away wherereconcihaticm work and love; which will he changing and blending and are fauty old ideas before they ceptcd. It Has Happened E For the faee of Befotfc and the war-riddle- d Europe changed ules!aDYi j thousand years. Spam nf Netherlands inherited by cvC ,and has been anybody bodys; Calais have Alsace and Lorrainemornifl? the glass every and autocracy starved Russia within people of nothing t1 memory of man, can today d there them after what JL-- cs and all the long ce has ha,d .cfher ksgs Spain in a hundred years; Hollar appear, reappear.0 ma Icon thought be nantly sallied 6 5, Italy, and sia across whatwa the Spc in 1809. In a b lapsed the countries original Positio"Smay Vsaid to pean countries such things. tpchb sursumcorda. , v E: sayingL.s)nrf is own Our fOCt hearts lant one unafraid, united ed within its of re northern ne,ghbY Oilds in Our Favor. Moj. Gon. Johnson Hagood,chief of MalT, line of communications. A. EF , says that we have only five ports in the United States at which enemy forces could disembark. All the while he was getting ashore his onetbungreat by more friendship. a er.'?give us ProteClmay e pean nation are not ,blcvfSL fncr.dshP ii ; -- ing0 fighters, barges, piers, cranes, spe-eiiequipment, we would be right m our own country, with inexhaustible supplies at our backs. Military xperts maintain, says this author-u-v- , that our navy and airplanes could stop Hitler long before be got n where near our snores. Ubv.iHisiy, an invad.ng army. one of the great (l ft than 1 purchaser. aska.tttf when we boug den Enchase. a when we chase, a,d. ' U'; W.T-- 81 cron. s!cal fnm tlenrn tl? other nahon better a c 0!rpfrs. Ph.hPr(, for the wise deai-nUTn sia aren't we'll have D ui't be a' j . |