Show THE niTNNfShV H around VAfTRY NEWS filTNNISON UTAH is of fnore than a little Interest Very little will be heard of it from Democrats from now on Republican orators will call attention to It in such quarters as they think it will help thdr cause to do so tle NATIONAL CAPITAL Carter Field Washington— "Edging a little further to the left” the advice given by Democratic National Committeeman Joseph Wolf of Minnesota to Roosevelt leaders to offset the defections caused by the bolting of is not so conservative Democrats significant so far as the administration policies— assuming Rooseare concerned velt is Roosevelt will continue his own sweet way whether his "mandate" to do so comes by a big majority or is of the "skin of his teeth" He will be no more disvariety turbed In his course than was Woodrow Wilson when the expected mandate of 1918 resulted in a popular rebuke What Is really important is that Wolf a very astute onset vei of trends in the Northwest is distinctr ly disturbd over the third party He is frankly afraid and ticket to told leadera of the New Deal that the net result might be to throw Minnesota to Gov Alf M Landon: Most unprejudiced political observers have been figuring for some weeks now that South Daas well kota Iowa and Nebraska as Kansas were leaning Jlepubli-caAll of which would do Landon no good unless he holds all the big But they had been eastern states virtually unanimous in conceding North Dakota and Minnesota and to Roosevelt of course Montana most observers had In short come to the conclusion that Landon could be elected if— he could carry That goes New York and Illinois But for Indiana also and Ohio opinion has been that if the tide for Roosevelt should turn In Illinois Indiana would be for the Kansas Coolidge by the same token while Ohio seems set to go Republican regardless of what its neighbors may do Eiperts Are Wrong Putting Minnesota in the balance does not change the essential elements of the election battle It keeps as the it from being as fight experts thought the Joe battle was going to be And the political experts have not been as wrong for 20 years— since Wilson beat Hughes in 1918— as the sporting experts were on the big fistic battle And they are not going to be as wrong aa that this year for one Ever since very simple reason that election when the big eastern were at newspapers chagrined claiming Hughes' election on the early returns the big eastern editors have realized that the western states had electoral votes also So they have sent their own political so reporters on tours of inquiry they would know what to expect on election' night Aa of the present moment New York is vital to the Republicans —Is not vital ao far as the Democrats are concerned but would end all doubt The same goes for Massachusetts New Jersey Ohio Indiana and Illinois Recent developments have changed the situation in a number of states notably Maryland West Iowa Kansas Nebraska Virginia Oklahoma North and South Dakota and Minnesota The Mormon church action on relief has given Utah a Republican Instead of a Democratic tinge and has moved Idaho from the sure Roocevelt to the doubtful column The whole point Is that while a Roosevelt landslide is still possible evidence now points to a close election with Roosevelt still the favorite but in decided danger Slightly Sour Note One slightly sour note In the Is Democratic situation platform cot being talked about— openly It concerns one of President Roosevelt's fundamental policies and is wrapped up in the tax bill Just The fact passed by congress that 18 Democratic senators voted against the final bill that two more were paired against it and that a twenty-firs- t A Sen Marcus was abCoolidge of Massachusetts sent and unpaired but is nevertheless against the bill is rathei Interesting in view of the fact that the platform endorses everything Roosevelt stands for All of which is important because of the reasons actuating these 21 Democratic senators The final draft of the tax bill means a great deal more than Just tax measure It works toward some of the dearest objectives of the Roosevelt policy It Is a natural sequence to his acceptance four speech at the convention years ago On that occasion he made his views about "piled up of corporations rather surpluses" clear This tax bill following up the one of last year but going a great deal further is In line with that policy Roosevelt wants to go still further He will go itill further along this line if it is humanly possible assuming he Is So the fact that 21 senators of his own party are against that policy Expect Close House The most Interesting angle poUnless litically lies in the future tlere should be some tidal wave not really expected even by James A Farley down In his heart the next house of representatives will It may be Demobe fairly close cratic and It may be Republican but the best guess at the moment is that the majority will not be more than 50 If it is Democri tic or 20 if it is Republican With a close house such a difference opinion within jt party as was manifested in the senate vote' on the tax bill will become of overer viwhelming importance of It would seem to tal allied issue of the critics the while that mean present tax plan would lot be able to force its repeal they would be able to prevent any further moves toward the Roosevelt objective On the other hand there is not the slightest sign that Roosevelt will lose his grip on the senate On the vote on the tax the contrary bill represented pretty nearly the mark of his opponents On few issues could such a numbe dissenters ber of Democratic raised Reverse Policy Complete reversal of the normal “sock the taxpayer" policy of the internal revenue bureau the poliunder Robert II cy established Jackson of never compromising forcing little taxpayers to pa lawyer fees and endure court trials even when all the precedents faside is seen vor the taxpayers’ of indictments in the quashing against lieutenants of the late Huey P (Kingflsh) Long in Louisiana The strongest aper within a hundred rules of Washington If indeed there is any stronger anywhere in the country the Washington News carried a biting editorial under the heading "It Smells Bad" Editors of the News suspected what might underly the affair which had Attorney General Homer S Cummings squirming In a recent press conference but they apparently overlooked a fairly important detail This is what the former Long lieutenants now enthusiastic for the New Deal arranged a special train to run over to Dallas to meet President Roosevelt on his recent trip to the Texas Tercentennial there to demonstrate their undying loyalty The News editorial conducted "When he quashed the indictments U S Attorney Viosca gave the that there was a explanation 'changed atmosphere’t In New OrBetter continue to hold your leans nose until Attorney General Cummings gives a more deodorizing explanation" Mr Cummings’ defense was that he had complete confidence in the integrity of U S Attorney Viosca! All of which is the sequel to a most interesting political yarn rivaling that about how the gangster chieftain Capone suspected of was every crime on the calendar finally put behind the oars on income tax evasion charges Recent History The point is that back some months before Huey Long was assassinated there was very grave fear on the part of the New Deal leaders that he might lead a third movement which party might throw the electoral votes of Louisiand perhaps ana some other states (with the aid of Father Coughlin and the Townsend plan advocates) away from Roosevelt It was at this time that the internal revenue sleuths began looking into the income tax returns of Huey himself as well as some of his lieutenants At this stage Dan Moody former governor of Texas was called into He had made his repthe picture utation and been elected governor of Texas on the strength of his prosecution of graft In road contracts in the Lone Star state He was called to Washington conferred with high officials of the of Justice and conDepartment vinced by them that there was a sure-fircase Amos Woodcock of Maryland former prohibition director was also called in and persuaded the government could convict The whole idea of course was to eliminate Huey Long and all his lieutenants by the simple expedient of putting them behind the bars The processes were set in motion and eventually one of the lieutenants was actually convicted But then Long died and hh lieutenants after some ittle delay made their peace with Washington Those not worried about the rospect of Income tax prosecutions were interested in other questions Party regularity perhaps and the good patronage jobs at the disposal of James A Farley liar-olL Ickcs and Harry L Hopkins Whatever the reason they all became good New Dealers and the Father Coughlin and Townsend enthusiasts found no encouragement In Louisiana for their party Ideas Which was just as good from the political standpoint here as though they had all been put in Jail A little better in fact for there was t6 danger of making martyrs of them Sail IjradlcaU— WNU Saratov li' By ELMO — SCOTT WATSON blazing July day rN thla month 1 yebri A I n armies ago of 75 two Americans one composed of men of the sfhri North and the other men of the South met In dea perate encounter on the n banks of a little atream in When it wai Virginia over the men from the North were in full retreat The men from the South had won the battle but aa It later turned out they had lost the war because they would not or could not follow up their advantage Late in the afternoon one of their commanders seeing the route of his adversaries exclaimed “Give me 10000 men and I will be In Washington tonight” Perhapi speculating on historical "if” is But the Idlest of all occupations one cannot help wondering what might have happened if these men had been given to “Stonehim as wall'' Jackson Knowing we do In the light of his later career we can readily believe that he would have made good his If he had the Confedpromise eracy might have won the war then At least the course of and there events during the next four yearl undoubtedly would have been very different from what it was j The story of the battle fought on July 21 181 the first major engagement of the Civil war is a familiar one in its general outlines to most Americans But there are many aspects of it not given in the schoolbook histories which make it one of the most interesting engagements in our history First of all there is the matter of its name Southerners prefer to call it the Battle of Manassas because the Confederate base was at Manassas Junction where the Manassas Gap railroad joined the Orange and Alexandria railroad But Northerners prefer to call it the Battle of Bull Run from the name of the little atream which runs through the battlefield even though the Jesters have implanted in the public consciousness the auggestlon that there was some connection between the name of that atream and the panic flight But which came after the battle In suggesting that they do a grave injustice to brave though Inexperienced soldiers For the fact la as Glenn I Tucker writing in the Washington Post on this battle pointed out: The Union army did not run during the battle at all There waa running to be aure There was running In copious profusion There was running by soldiers horses mules Infantry artillery cavalry and train and by terrorized spectators out for a gala occasion who with their rich carriages were giving an opera boulTe touch to the greatest that had yet occurred In spectacle North America and there wea running Fairthat did not end at Centrevllle fax Cour House Washington or Philadelphia but which extended In some stances to New York New England and the fastness of the Maine forests But It really did not start on the battlefield It started when the fact was finally upon the Union regiments Impressed that had marched out from Washington that they had Irretrievably lost tha It gained strength through engagement a recognition that the line of retreat of the disorganized Union column along the Centrevllle and Sudley Springs roads exhibited an exposed flank to the victorious enemy army which might even have quicker Ingress to Washingwewaau-- I t ' I ' i r gen ' r : IRVIN sV I :fw ' mcdowell ton psrticularly since the Cub Run bridge was jammed with wrecked Federal wagons and caissons It broke all restraints when a small mounted party of that enemy threw a few rounds of rifle fire Into the retirIn which the different ing column op gantxatlons were so confused and Intermingled that the officers out of control merely added to the pandemonium by useless ahouts and orders With raw troops there Is a halrflne line between a forced retreat a' rout and a panic After Bull Run the transition wa accomplished with electrifying suddenness by those few rounds of rifle fire and one or two piece of artilIrvin McDowell had led a fop lery midabl array out from the national An unarmed mob returned capital filling the streets looking for sleeping space and living on handputs So much lor tha losers of tha Battle of Bull Rurl As for the winners of the Battle of Manassas the lame historian has pointed out: It was not a battle that reflected the greatest credit upon the victors Ivan though on the verge of defeat they possessed the stamina to stay through until the opposition crumbled nd fop tultousty found reinforcements arriving at exactly the right moment With the president of the Confederacy tn the battlefield deemed excetlently fitted for bis post becabse of his Wset RALLYING THE TROOPS OF BEE BARTOW AND EVANS AT THE BATTLE OF BULL RUN Point training with Joheph E Johnson" soldier of high renown In ‘both and with tn full command armies called aometlmea Pierre Beauregard of the ConfeSabreur the “Beau deracy" In active charge of the battle line It remained for a hitherto rather a profesobscure brigade commander and natural tactics sor of artillery to perceive that the highphilosophy of to the to capture way Washington and possibly recogthe Union capital nition of the new Confederacy by anxiously waiting foreign powers and the of the war by a single termination stroke was as wide open as If It had been strewn with welcoming garlands by McDowell's flying zouaves need for Jackson’s But Stonewall 10000 fresh men— and there was ample allowance among those still unengaged —found President DaVls arranging conferences In the rear of the scene of Johnson satisfied with the altriumph and frulta of victory ready gathered with rumors of concerned Beauregard advances on hla rear Union These rumors had phantom and armies coming from all directions seemed to cloud tha fact that the flesh and blood Union Army was fleeing followed toward the Potomac no longer by even a squadron of cavalThere were questions of supplies ry behind while flour was rotting In tha lay freight cars and a rich country of victory But the elements ahead mind Intuitive which fired Jackson's with the zest for further action spoke to his supecaution and satisfaction wasted hours riors and the precious swept by And the Confederate army settled down for nine months almost on the spot and tha defenses of Washington and a new Federal were strengthened The eagle of victory army assembled perched often thereafter on the banners of the South but the Northern volunteers who had raced from Bull Run hardened into some of the atanchest And the fighter the world has known attrition set In and the war rolled on and Appomattox toward Gettysburg with never another rout for the North nor highway so ao utter and complete clear nor the cause of the South ao near triumphant never had opportunity And Jackson to prove to history that with 10000 fresh men on the night of July 21 1861 he would be In Washington on the morrow tain but upon receiving thenews of the secession of his native state Bee resigned from the army and He returned to South Carolina entered the Confederate service as June on of and a major infantry 17 1861 was made brigadier general a distinction which he lived to enjoy only a little more than a month battle was noteworthy for the number of officers in it who were marked for tater fame By one of those strange quirks of fate the cojnmanders of the opposing armies— Irvin McDowell of the Union and Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard— had been classmates at West Point In 1838 On the Confederate side there was James E Longstreet Lee's “war horse" to whose slowness is often attributed the loss of the Battle of Gettysburg the South’s last chance to win the war There were also Joseph E Johnston Kirby Smith C P Ewell and Lee and those dashing cavalry leaders “Jeb” Stuart and Jubal A Early and Wade Hampton And last but not least was that queer military genius whose imperishable nickname was fastened upon him at Bull Run— that “professor of artillery tactics and natural philosophy" Thomas J Jackson That was the name with which he went into the battle But he came out of it "Stonewall” Jack-sobecause at a critical moment -In the battle he deployed his brigade upon a little ridge and there awaited the onrush of the Union forces which almost had victory In their grasp “Look there is Jack-sostanding like a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians!" shouted another brigade commander Gen Barnard E Bee The Union tide of victory was stemmed and "Stonewall" Jackson and his “Stonewall Brigade" became an American legend Everyone has heard of "Stonewall” Jackson but how many know anything about the man who gave him that name Perhaps if he had been spared to share in the victory he might also have shared in his fame But Bee while leading a rally of the Confederates after’ Jackson had taken his "stone wall" stand fell mortally wounded Thus ended a brilliant career which had begun with the graduation of the young South Carolinian from West Point in 18(3 followed by service In the new state of Texas and In the Mexican war where he waa everely wounded at Chapultepec and was brevetted a captain for gallantry at Cerro Gordo After J service against the Indians In the Northwest and with Albert Sidney Johns ton in the Mormon troubles In Utah he was promoted to cap- - The Confederate uniforms showed a similar variety Some of the regiments were still in citizens’ dress and several of the general officers who had been in the old service— including so it Is said Generals Johnston Bcaiyegard and Longstreet— still wore the uniform of the United States army This Although most historians speak Bull Run as the first battle between “the Blue and the Gray” that statement is more figurative than literal For it was also noteworthy for the variety of unifprms worn by participants on both sides The Federal Blue had not yet been issued and the troops wore either the uniforms of their militia organization or those furnished by their several states Mingled in this motley array was the striking costume of the zouave regiments and there was even one — the 79th New York— in Scotch Highlander kilts of STONEWALL" JACKSON stories Among the interesting connected with Bull Run are those of two civilians who were victims of the war god One of them was Wilbur McLean who lived near the battlefield in a substantial colonial mansion which Beauregard the Confederate commander made his headquarters Early in the battle a shell plunged Into his dining room and broke up the meal The rage of battle was too much for McLean and he left this locality and traveled to a retired section where he thought he would be secure from war's alarms He went by a strange freak tf fate to Appomattox Court IIousl a sequestered and secluded hamlet far off the main roads where he bought a good house and he settled down In peace At the closing act of the great drama both armies drew up at his doorstep and he saw the close as he had witnessed the beginning of the great American epic for Lee surrendered to Grant in his house! The heaviest fighting raged around the Henry House plateau so named because of the farmhouse occupied by Mrs Isaac Henry widow of an American naval surgeon who had received his commission from President John Adams and had served aboard the USS Constellation A invalid elghty-flvyears of age Mrs Henry Vras killed In her own room by the crosi-flrof the opposing ' armies which destroyed her home She was burled In the family plot near the iccne of her death beside two of her children Today an American flag floats above the grave of thia firat woman victim of the' Civil war—e Bag which la symbolic of the reunited country that waa torn by hatred and fratrl- cldal strife 73 jreara ago ' e Until this year the battlefield of Bull Run waa but little changed from its appearance vhen the hosts of Jhe North and the South came to there of a century ago True the old turnpike down which the Federal troops marched ao gaily before the battle and over which they retreated so dejectedly afterward is now a modem highway dotted with filling stations signhomes But boards and the rolling plain near Manassas which was stained with the blood of on that fateful July day is so much the same that the battle could be fought all over again along its original lines so far as any improvements on the terrain are concerned so there is special interest in the recent announcement that it is to The become a national shrine federal government through the Rural Resettlement administration has acquired approximately 1500 acres along Bull Run creek near Manassas and this spring more than 150 men were put to work clearing away the land and determining landmarks This area it is expected will become the nucleus for a battlefield park which eventually will contain nearly 10000 acres—or most of the territory over which the embattled armies fought in 1861 While the scenes of most of the larger Civil war engagements long since have become the property of the nation of states or of private associations which have made them into national shrines this area has remained in farm land with practically no control over its development Efforts of patriotic groups In the past to acquire a large part of the tract have not been successful The federal government had its hands tied through the regulation which has prevented purchasing land for Such land must park purposes come as a gift and the government only undertakes the administration and development of it So Bull Run has remained the largest neglected Civil war shrine The provision by which the Resettlement administration is en T IZ Cl j GEN r G & v T BEAUREGARD abled to purchase submarginal farm land offered a loophole Some of the land over which the most significant battle movements took place clearly was submarginal in the sense that the average farmer could not make fair living on It Some was excellent farming land but the land purchase appropriation Is available for purchasing a limited amount of fertile kcreage In order to get holdings in solid blocks so that It can be developed to the best advantage The best use of the Bull Run battlefield the Resettlement admlnls(ration decided was not for Indifferent farming but for a national shrine When the land Is acquired and the restoration work completed the whole will be handed over to the National Park Service for administration Experts from this branch of the government are superintending the work and when tourists visit the battleground this summer they will find Important sites on it well marked with cleared trails which will make them easy of access so that they can get a good Idea of how the battle waa fought © WUf Nowapnpor Colon |