Show a r FIRST v YEAR m Of WAS WAR REVIEWED Ra Achievements of United States Recounted in Official State State- l ments meats t r b GREAT ARMY ARMY IH nl IU TRAINING c r t v i T- T L Land nd Force Forcer Now Aggregate Ag Aggregate eg t Officers and and 1 2 24 Enlisted u Men Men Navy Navy Personnel Is la Tripled J t- t r The United States Is now entering r F t upon Its Us second year ear of war On the first anniversary of the beginning of hostilities between this country and i Germany the people are Interested in la knowing what hat has has been been en clone by the he e ei United States In waging rand and preparing i ri F ing to wage war upon the forces of r Prussian autocracy The committee on public information of the United I j j. States government in Ia n a review of the first year ear of the war gives a resume of the activities of the various d departments de departments of the government as s they are concerned with prosecution of the war The committee announces that all statements statements' made are authorized by the war department dep the navy d di department department de de- i the Un United ted States shipping board and the treasury department T The e outstanding feature of the first y year ar of war It is lIs pointed out L in the review l has s be been t the e t transformation an or- or 0 mation of th the standing army and and National Na Nat t Ional Guard compose p fr of officers officers cers and m men n into a fighting f S force that now aggregates ates 1 officers of of- and enlisted m menA men n V A A statement of f the t adjutant tant g general shows that the th regular r army which r it In n J j. j April April 1917 d officers and and men now now is made up of R I officers and men men I The Ther r National Nat Guard i in In April p l 1917 19 7 Included I dudd dud dud- ed d officers alid na men while now it comprises officers and men men Tl The e. e f reserve Deserve serve corps in service one year ago go Included cr men Now it includes officers J and men The mr army ny which did not exist one year one year ago now oW Includes men j I IA IA m A substantial vanguard ang ard military SS v esp expediency prohibiting publication of w. w actu actual l numbers of this army is meetIng meet meet- lug Ing the enemy in France today or Is enS en'S enI en- en rj S I camped there a awaiting the call to the ther r trenches in fa IG 16 canto cantonments ments and IG 10 cani s and on numerous aviation lation fields y and l in hi a variety of of- of other ther schools schools' In r x t f ri it f all nIl parts of the United States the men menY are hardening Y J Y t. t of the remaining army and training for fOJ their part in the great h g. g f V- V contest overseas i Behind the activities of this vast t force torce lies a a great Industry organ organized zed to produce an adequate supply of of-mu- of mu- mu t r rj 3 equipment and provisions and to provide transportation to the it j firing line almost every branch of essential industry of the country hav hav- f 7 s v v Ing been drawn upon to produce tese th se R material requirements ts v Expeditionary Forces S t Military necessity nr particularly fors for for- s 4 r bids n review of th ties v of the American e expeditionary forces General G Pershing and his staff arrived arrived ar- ar rived in in Paris on June 14 1917 1017 6 69 i days after anet the declaration of war The first American troops arrived in France on June 26 2 On July 4 in to celebration celebration celebration cel cel- of our natal day and a new fight for liberty American troops paraded paraded paraded pa pa- the streets of Paris and were greeted as th the tho forerunners of great American armies and vast quantities I of supplies and ammunitions On On October 10 1917 days After fter af war Vas declared American n I sol soldiers sol sol- 55 dices diers diets diets' went on the Ii firing line Une In Jn Tan sTan sTannary January nary uary American soldiers took over perit per per- j it a n part of ot the line Une as as' as asan an f American sector and this line Is gradually gradI grad- grad I I lengthening i r T Behind d the fighting U line e in France the American forces have bave scientifically cally r of com com com- prepared a groundwork camps f f r muni supply bases and and works r in n anticipation of ot pp operations by ther the They aret are f r full force of the army t building and have built pIt s ordnance bases arid and a d' d docks dock's in J France Ilance iThe They y have e constructed im mense mense barracks erected sawmills lia reT re- re reL re T L i claimed J agricultural lands lands ana an t car car- l. l forward many Incidental t l' l enter enter- f J r r r b The construction of f an ordnance I ise b. lase In ir France costing ng 25 O is is' isnow Isnow now well under way Great quan quantities Qt gf used the In the foreign con construction work have been shipped from I States from S States Ste te from fabricated Ironwork for an nn an ordnance o c shop shop to to palls nails and and crosstieS for for eveni ven I to build build docks the piles piles 4 I v S All the the- while there here has bas been beena fairly and materials from even even now How of men the the United States to France rance The men in the the trenches r ba bask back t Q o of i the ln lines liners s on on the construction projects and in th the Hospitals have been steadily supplied J ur ur Tosses ss s at nt t sea s in men and j note f r Vials r rals als h V i t cen g aUr occurred n small d on on The l e greatest single loss February 6 6 when the British ship Tuscania T was was torpedoed and sunk sunk The bo bodies ies ot of soldiers en route ti to France rance have been found and 55 53 others other were still stilt missing on March 16 To secure an adequate number 61 f competent officers to lead the new nest armies various arious plans were devised Two classes at West Point were graduated grad In advance in-advance of the usual graduating d dates dUtes tes and special examinations were held heid in various parts parts-of the country coun coon try for appointments from civil life Ufe Three series pf officers officers' training camps have ha been held Of candidates In the first two vo series of camps qualified and were awarded commis In the third series of camps opened January 5 1918 about 1800 candidates consisting largely of enlisted en enlisted listed men have been In I attendance Corps of Engineers At the beginning of the war the engineer en engineer I troops consisted of three regi re regiments l. l ments meats of pioneer engineers with watt one engineer engineer en en- engineer trains one mounted company detachment at West Point The aggregate gate strength was approximate approximately ly officers and enlisted men At Al present the aggregate authorized authorizes strength is over with an actual act ual uni strength of approximately Of the special engineer units recruited recruited re re- crusted for service on railways and inthe In Inthe inthe the maintenance of lines Unes of communication communication communication cation many are already in France and others are awaiting recruitment to full strength in order to be ready for overseas service The first engineer engineer engineer en en- troops 1100 strong to be sent abroad arrived In France about three months after war was declared Since that time the number has been greatly augmented These troops have been constantly engaged in general engineering en work including the construction construction construction con con- of railways docks wharves cantonments and hospitals for tl the e use of the American expeditionary forces They have in some instances in the performance of their duties engaged In is active combat with the enemy Ordnance Department Since the outbreak of war var the commissioned personnel of the ordnance ordnance ord nance department has expanded from 97 91 officers operating with yearly appropriations appropriations appropriations ap ap- ap- ap of about and with manufacture largely confined to government arsenals to officers in this country and abroad transacting an unprecedented war program for the supply of ordnance the total direct appropriations and contract authorizations authorizations for one year having been 4 While building the foundation for fox greater production the ordnance department department department de de- has provided rifles has brought the rate of ot rifle production up to per week sufficient to equip three army divisions secured deliveries on more than machine machine ma ma- chine guns brought the tho rate of ot production pro auction of machine guns from to per year increased the rate of production of Inch 3 to 9 Inch caliber caller call cali ber er guns from 1500 to per year and has arranged for the manufacture of some and tractors tractors tractors trac trac- tors for hauling heavy guns guns- and ammunition ammunition ammunition am am- which are being delivered almost as fast as they c can n be shipped shipped One billion rounds of ammunition has been purchased for the training of troops In the cantonments alone An Idea of the extent of the ordnance ordnance ord ord- nance program may be gained from I f the following few items of purchase Twenty-three Twenty million hand grenades automatic pistols revolvers revolvers revolvers re re- projectiles for al all calibers of heavy artillery pounds of explosives machine guns and rifles Quartermaster Corps The magnitude of ot the work of off the quartermaster corps corp's is Indicated bythe by bythe bythe the operation of the subsistence division division divi sion which is charged with the responsibility responsibility re re- of seeing that food supplies sup supplies plies for the army are available at all stations from the Philippines to Lorraine Lor raine mine Purchases recently made included Included in In- eluded pounds dried b beans ans cans cans cans' baked beans of the 1917 crop rop cans of t tomatoes matoes cans of condensed milk and andI I pounds of prunes The establishment of the subsistence subsistence division centralized the purchases of foodstuffs for the army previous to which such products were dt distributed trl through the depot quartermaster Effective Effective Effective Ef Ef- Ef- Ef January 1 I the central control system has lies result resulted d in greater efficiency efficiency efficiency effi effi- and a big saving In January for instance was saved under this system as as compared with the prices obtained by depot quartermasters and in February a saving of was made on potatoes alone The central control system is still being b belag be be- ing lag perfected Production of new automobile trucks Is in progress for the army in addition to purchases of passenger passenger passenger ger cars motorcycles les and bicycles with appropriate repair and replacement equipment In three months the cant cantonment division division di dl- vision of the quartermaster quartermaster generals general's department built bunt 16 cantonments each one practically pr a a. a sm small lI city comprising ing lag about 1400 separate buildings and providing quarters for men Air Service The air service has been called upon in the past 12 months to build an enormous structure of the most highly trained personnel and the most intricate equipment with practically no foundation to start from Three large appropriations including inc ding d- d ing the act passed without i Q roll call made a u total of available for the first year All of ot this has since been obligated Last April the air all service had bad an axt almost negligible force of 65 officers and 1120 men 3 small flying fields less than second rate rac no aviation Industry and only the most scanty knowledge of the kaleidoscopic kaleidoscopic kaleidoscopic ka ka- ka- ka development abroad The first two months of war were required to secure information establish a staff and work out the program finally adopted The problem was twofold twofold- first personnel and second equip equip- ment Today the personnel is over times that of a year ago practically every member a skilled led man who has gone through gh an intensive course of training Schools of of 11 different kinds have been instituted courses of Instruction laid out and Instructors tors secured Including foreign experts experts experts ex ex- In a score of lines Development of Navy The development of the navy during the first year of war has hns given the greatest satisfaction Its growth and achievements during this period maybe maybe may maybe be epitomized in the following paragraphs paragraphs para para- graphs Strength of the navy today is nearly officers and enlisted enlisted enlisted en en- listed men strength a year ago was officers and enlisted men Estimated total expenditures of the navy during first year of war Disbursements Dis Dis- Disbursements and outstanding obligations obligations obliga obliga- Total real and pending American destroyers arrived at a British port to assist in patrolling European Eu- Eu E Eu European waters 28 days after the declaration declaration decla decla- ration of war There are now four times as many vessels In the naval service as a year ago Nearly mechanics and other civilian employees are working at navy yards and stations When war was declared naval vessels were building or authorized and contracts have been placed since that time for vessels More th than n privately owned vessels ves ves- vessels sels have been purchased or chartered by the navy Six new new authorized battleships are designed to be of tons the largest larg larg- est battleships in the world Our ton on c 35 knots will be the fastest in the world their thel speed equaling the fastest destroyers Prompt repairs of interned German German German Ger Ger- man ships p partially wrecked b by their crews added more than tons to our available naval and merchant tonnage The navy has developed an American Ameri Amerl American can mine believed to combine all the good points of various types of mines and Is manufacturing them in ties During the year the latest type of naval inch 16 gun was completed for our new battleships it throws a projectile projectile projectile pro pro- weighing 2100 pounds Navy has In its possession now a astock astock astock stock of supplies sufficient for the average requirements for at least one year Several hundred submarine chasers built bunt si since ce the war have been delivered delivered ered to the navy by 31 private concerns con con- cerns terns and six sir navy yards many of these boats have crossed the Atlantic some in severe weather Naval training camps have a Capacity ca Ca- capacity of In hi summer men In winter Shipping Boards Board's Progress Up to date congress has authorized of which has been appropriated for the United States Shipping board and Emergency Fleet corporation on March 1 I of this th sum sum had been expended The Emergency Fleet corporation had requisitioned March March 1 steel vessels and contracted for steel vessels making a total of 1145 steel ships of an aggregate weight dead-weight tonnage of tons it had let contracts for wooden vessels aggregating ag g ag- approximately de weight dead d- d tons it had repaired and put in operation weight dead-weight tonnage s seized iz d from Germany and Austria On March 5 the building program of of the Emergency Fleet corporation was being carried carrie on In n 1 plants First Years Year's War Cost Total estimated expense of the United States government In the first year of war without loans to the allies is To help meet this expense the treasury treas trens treasury ury department floated sub subscriptions to Liberty bonds Bonds certificates of Indebtedness War Savings Saving certificates and Thrift stamps issued by the treasury up to March 12 totaled The United States government had loaned to for foreign governments associated associated asso asso- dated In the war war- on March 12 12 1918 To March 12 the war risk Insurance ance an e bureau bur au had Issued policies for a |