Show arm Dairying ae in 9 If I. I d r f Dutch Belted Bull VII VIL F Feeding g and Wa Watering Watering Wa- Wa teeing Cows The Cows The Silo 1 By LAURA ROSE Demonstrator and Lecturer In t Dairying at atthe the Ontario Agricultural Co College Col Col- r lege loge Guelph Canada Copyright 1911 b by A. A C. C McClur Co E we w lire life to get adequate returns r I IF II hum lum our cows we must give them ra lit it all nil times all aU the feed teed they will wUl consume profitably Palatable Palatable- nt ness s Is a n feature which r cannot be over over- looked Cows like i succulent food tood Gra Grass ss Is their Weir natural und and Ideal diet In sub sub- substituting substituting we ought to come as ItS near to It as we can cnn Corn silage Is the best and cheapest and most easily handled succulent food tood Variety In the cows cow's ration Is also desirable and so roots mangels carrots car rots sugar beets ono one or all all should be provided A of ot pulped roots and silage Is 18 better than either fed ted alone If It from some lome failure no succulent food Is available annable cut good oat straw moisten It with water sprinkle over It Ita Ita a little salt and let stand awhile This makes it It palatable and If it some meal be added to It cows will readily cat a It considerable quantity Shredded or cut cornstalks may be put Into a silo sno and steamed teamed or moistened and thus mader made r more acceptable and digestible but this Is a poor su substitute for tor good silage If K It 1 Is a good mixed meal one pound of meal to every four tour pounds of ot milk given by the cow Is considered about right Cows giving a good flow of ot milk usually get from five to ten pounds of ot meal per day Several kinds N. N of ot grain mixed together are better than t- t feeding one straight grain but If It limited lim- lim t to one choose chopped bopped oats Equal Parts of ot oats peas barley and bran make an excellent and cheap mixture s t Some Soine of ot the more concentrated foods I such 8 as oU oil cake cottonseed meal or gl ghitea gluten i meal may be substituted or added V But Best Method of Feeding y The best method of ot feeding Is 18 to prepare prepare pre pre- pare in the morning enough feed for tor t two meals mixing the cut straw silage silage si sl si- si r lage and nd pulped roots together ln In a pile pUe In the feed room adjoining the table stable Let this stand several hours before feeding Put the meal on top of ot this thU roughage when In the manger Feed twice a day giving all the cows cows will eat up clean In two hours After Atter that time the mangers ma maj out oat A Ut eI morning anderen and eren Eg g feed or at noon Have the Intervals In in- ten all between feeds teeds of ot equal length In case of ot heavy beavy where they nt i are milked more than twice a day they should be ted fed after atter each milking J Salt BaIt should always be before them themA A lump of ot rock salt may be kept In Inthe Inthe inthe the manger It makes them drink mo more a a. a desirable thing and makes thel the l ir f. f cream easier to cl churn urn Some cows have the habit of chewing chew chew- 7 ing lag bones bones' wood etc Give them a aI aE I E small mall handful of ot fine flue hardwood ashes 1 In the feed two or three times a week r v- v Such Buch a habit denotes a lack of ot mineral matter y Cows on good grass do not need any r r r t- t grain unless in exceptional cases where a record Is to be made Sometimes Just a pint or two of meal put in the 1 I manger Is a good bait to bring the f t- t cows willingly from the pasture to the stable table to be milked When they are on the rich fresh grass of early sum sum- t i f A mer which Is very laxative u a a little a cottonseed meal may be given as a ac c Y corrective The meal will Improve the Vutter utter by adding firmness A change of ot pasture Is good both for tor r f. f the pasture and the cows If It there Is IsI t 1 j. no shade to jA the pasture the cows I should uld If It possible be kept Indoors a ti during the hottest hours of or the tho day Bring them In at noon and give them thema a feed teed of silage or meal then turn them out after the evening milking Where most meet dairymen need to Improve Im- Im 1 prove prove is In providing food for the cows when the pasture gets short and dry A A- small smaIl silo to open for tor summer feeding feedIng feed feed- l Ing Is coming much In vogue and taking tak tak- Ing Mug the place of ot a soiling crop Any change from one food tood to another should be gradual f- f A few apples may be safely given ff Zt If It fed In large quantities they will give a peculiar fia flavor vor to the milk Sour apples are supposed to have a tend en ICy y to dry up the milk mUk When potatoes are re ro cheap and plentiful they may b be e fed to cows but are more profitable when boiled and given to pigs CarF Carrots Car Car- F rots rota appear to exercise a specific action action ac ac- ac- ac tion on the milk glands and cause a an n Increased secretion of ot milk Cows ar arvery are e very fond of cabbage If the cabbage cabbag ed e Is 18 sound and a limited amount fe fed fedi d i after atter milking no serious objection t Is s f found und to the milk In feeding all suc such hk h foods care must be taken or the milk mil k will trill be off fia flavored A ration II 15 1 th the amount of food n a MO tar l amount RW V u k J r. r iI essary rot a cow for tor one ODe day A bal baJ ration Is one In which the carbohydrates carbo carbo- hYdrates fat and protein are to in the rIght proportion to each other One pound ot of digestible protein to six pounds ot of digestible carbohYdrates tats fats Is and considered about right Alfalfa Is one De of ot God Gods God's s S greatest est gifts to the dairyman For feeding value It w comes With plenty nearer of to grain than to hay ha corn silage and alfalfa hay very little grain Is needed to keep up a good milk flow Cow One ton of ot choice alfalfa I hay is said to equal one ton of ot wheat bran In food tOod value Clover hay Is one oDe of the easiest crops on our land and Is excellent In food tood value as a milk producer and a good food tood to give well fia flavored milk mUk and add butter Any objectionable flavor vor found In rank clover pasture Is overcome In the well cured h hay y Next to clover might be placed hay bay made of ot peas PEns and oa oats s. s To have prime oat straw for tor feeding It Is wise to cut the oats a little on the green side Nothing will wUl prove more pro profitable than a patch of sweet corti cord for f fall ll feeding for the cows Plant It early In a convenient place Plant thinly so BO as to have good strong corn Sugar cane or common field corn also makes good autumn feed Into every hundred pounds of milk the cow puts seven eighty of nf water A cow to to keep up up upa a h a heavy milk flow must have all nil the clean pure water she can The average milking cow will take from eighty toa to toa toa a hundred pounds of water per pcr day We should Induce the cow to drink plenty The Ideal way Is to have bare wa ter always before her If It this is not convenient she should get water twice a day It Is out of ot the question n to talk of tempering the water but If It the chili chill could bo ho removed the cows would certainly thinly drink more Salt convenient for tor the tho cows Increases In In- creases their thirst Cement Silos Popular The cement silo Is growing steadily In favor It Is comparatively easy to construct and has a n nice appearance on a n farm The silage keeps perfectly perfect ly 11 If It the corn goes In In good condi condl tion The primary principle In the making of silage Is la the cx exclusion of ot air In order order order or or- der to prevent decay therefore not only the of ot the silo sUo but the doors must be perfectly air tight The walls should not Dot only be tight and rigid but they should also be smooth and straight on the inside to permit the silage allege to settle without forming pockets The majority of silos being built bum have havea haven a n continuous door which makes It very convenient for emptying the silo Two- Two ply boards should be used med for tor the door with tar paper or heavy building bunding paper between and on the edges Doors on hinges are objectionable The deeper the silo the greater the pressure and the larger amou amount t of ot corn I I t IY Mi M i AJ A SILO FIELD YIELD FOB FOR SUMMER BUMMER FEED FUD- ING can be stored per cubic foot tool A silo Bho should ld not be less than thirty feet teet deep nor more ore than twelve or fourteen In di dl amet ameter r. r For a herd of five cows cows around around a n round silo fifteen feet teet Inside Ins diameter and thirty feet teet high would be about right or It may be 12 by 40 This size will hold a little more than a hundred tons which allows four tour tons tons tons-of of silage per cow which Is about right Importance of Silage The kind of ot corn to grow for tor filling the silo will depend on the locality To avoid frost trost early maturing varieties should be selected When to cut Is an Important question Better to have the corn a little overripe over o ripe than on the green the green side One may begin feeding as soon after atter the silo is filled as as s' s Is desired Good silage has bas a not Dot unpleasant acid smell a slightly sweetish fermented taste and should be be- be-a be a brownish green color and free tree from rot or mold If It a portion of the tho silage around the silo sno becomes frozen it is more of ot an inconvenience Inconvenience In convenience than a n loss It It should be nixed mixed with that from the center of ot the silo to allow It to thaw before being fed An acre of ot ground should produce from twelve to fin fifteen en tons of silage In a good season The cost from the tilling WUng of ot the soil for tor the seed Beed to the time the corn Is in the silo is estimated at from 2 to per ton The Importance of ot silage as a succulent succulent lent coarse food tood for tor all kinds of ot cattle cannot annot be overestimated Next to corn coca clover la to considered the best crop to use for tor s silage lage Alfalfa is being used for tor silage with equal success being still richer than clover In n protein Cow Cowpeas peas soy beans sorghum and various other planta are successfully used seed to au the he silo t |