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""""'""'"""" "7::::"'"""n I t 11 ''' vti --Loco-malt- 41 Springs: b Bui!t by the Civilian I A44 t some oldie original wooden dikes stlil remain in this waterfowl refu2e ) :Vale Consevaticyn Corps in 1 40-- Locomotive tprings Waterfowl Management Area n '''t v 111 4 cIL t f IffsZYMEMtwftxtte ri National !Tit Historical Site l'Abk 12:j Mr7lori Birti 11 Seimagnicasaisiasigamigoolo tftcr—iilfreshwater iti EA 12111 1 — Indian Cave 1 dkr W ' Lakeside 1- 1) S Crane Waterfowl Management 4 — A I N Fremon-Istxruil Six Crrnton 1sfand er1 AMAX Magnesium Speedway (TI: Great Salt Lake Sta!e Park Sir Malcolm Campbell of Great Britain put the Salt Flats on the map in 1935 when he set a worldi land speed record of ll 30113 miles per hour in a salt Special Void of plant life the foot-dee- p fiats cover close to 40 square miles on the Lake Profile: When it reached a record level in 1987 the Great Salt Lake covered approximately 2300 square miles and contained 30- million acre feet of water Today it is approximately 70 miles long 30 miles wide and 4200 feet above sea level ) Because there's no outlet to the sea salt and minerals from its major tributaries - the Bear Weber and Jordan Rivers accumulate in its waters The average salt content is 20 percent on the north arm and 10 percent on the south arm But concentrations have ranged from as high as 27 percent - when salt crystalizes - to as low as fiverzonntlismoweemonsommemel Ulan& It's the 121Antelope lakes eight islands at Kit Carson and John C Fremont - who surveyed the lake in 1844 - named the island for its impressive antelope herd The last antelope was seen on the island in 1932 but the state plans to reintroduce the animals Entrepreneurs introduced buffalo to the island in 1893 and the herd still thrives today Before Antelope Island State Park closed in 1983 when floodwaters inundated the causeway it hosted an average of 427000 visitors a year The park may open this fall 4'' — I - r' '— 4 I SaIN-- -- -- Sol-A- ir 1 Salt Great Salt Lake critical habitat wetlands provide val 1 101 for migrating and nesting waterfowl and help local governments solve flood control problems Treated sewage and industrial byproducts are discharged into the marshes which naturally remove organic matter and toxic pollutants An estimated 250 'Wtre:of birds bald including eagles great blue herons white-face- d ibis and phalaropes - find food and shelter on the lake's wildlife reserves Fox d muskrats weasels and cats are among the 64 mammals that make the lake home Eight different snakes 8 amphibians and 9 lizards also live there Brine shrimp are the only creatures which actually survive in the lake's salty waters ring-taile- - - tit:4 div I By Tom Wharton It It THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE Nelson Ellinwood of Salt Lake City re41'1:i1ls the first time he took a friend duck 1I 1 punting on the Great Salt Lake down the channel at i4i ( "We were rowing the sun came up before twilight right A' if ) You could hear the rumble and rustle of I wings as they exploded off the water were like a train in the distance You They I could see swarms of dark shapes off the water It was spectacular" Mr Ellinwood is one of the few Utahns r I l who have experienced the wealth of wild- ) 1 life and colorful changes on the largest ( lake west of the Mississippi Most residents view the Great Salt Lake with contempt or apathy — a dull briny body of water plagued with stinking algae and waves of brine flies "You go there to be refreshed and often you are repulsed" says author Terry Tempest Williams who's written two books about the lake "It's a tough landscape People once thought it was a body of fresh water with an outlet to the sea In fact it's a basin of old old water In that sense it takes on a mythic character and one that does not yield itself easily to visitors" Access is difficult Most visitors — about 325000 annually — see only the south shore adjacent to the waterlogged Saltair resort where the lake's foul breath can be overwbelminc! But Ante-l- e Island State Park close'd eince 1983 when flooding wiped out the causeway is scheduled to open this fall Ar 3 visitors 1 : j ifet4 il11 &It Lake City International Airport Morton Salt Mark Knudsen LAI The Salt Lake Tribune Recreation: Tourists from around the world flock to the beaches of the Great Salt Lake whose briny waters help bathers float The lake also draws sailboaters and an occasional power boater and its marshes and wildlife management areas host hunters school groups and naturalists The Great Salt Lake back to ancient Lake which covered much of western Utah and small parts of Idaho and Nevada during the Great Ice Age some 20000 years ago A natural earth dam in Cache Valley gave way about 14500 years million cubic feet of water ago Thirty-fiv- e per second gushecrout of the opening lowering the level of Lake Bonneville 300 feet In the warmer and drier period which followed Lake Bonneville receded and the Great Salt Lake was formed §Geology: ) et i 1 1 1 1 1! - 111j ed The tirst record II1Arcbaeotogy: 12000 years ago in Danger Cave near Wendover Other evidence of early man including fine rock writing can be found on Stansbury Island Yearlong Series to Raise Level of Lake Awareness The Great Salt Lake is more than just a dead sea It is a unique resource with a colorful human and natural history as well as an untapped potential for recreation Though it affects their weather economy and lifestyle few Utahns know much about their lake Veteran Salt Lake Tribune recreation writer Tom Wharton in spending a year with the Great Salt Lake will reveal in a series during 1992 the amazing facets many not generally known of this unusual and misunderstood natural wonder The series will be published on the last Monday of each month in The Tribune's recreation section It will conclude with an original essay on The Great Salt Lake by noted Utah author Terry Tempest Williams Here is the series's publication schedule by date and planned topics: Jan 27: Bald eagles on the lake Feb 24: The lake's tributaries March 30: Fascinating geology April 27: Rebirth of a marsh May 25: Nesting island birds June 29: Recreation: past and future July 27: Shorebirds: unknown stories Aug 31: Fish shrimp and mammals Sept 28: The unexplored shores Oct 28: Hunting: its key role Nov 30: Industries' roles can launch boats and walk along dikes at Willard Bay and the lake's eight wildlife lions of bacteria color the water Here's a real surprise: there's no stench on the open waters "That smell is not the lake its the shore" says John Rowland a Salt Lake City resident who sails a catamaran "It's a lot like being on the ocean You can't see the bottom Land is quite a ways away It's peaceful quiet and se- 12-pa- rt Dec 27: An essay refuges At Ogden Bay for example you can see bald eagles in a parking lot "About 100 to 150 eagles winter in and around the Great Salt Lake" says Bob Walters of the Division of Wildlife Resources "For a bird as wild and independent as we know the bald to be you can get incredibly close to them as they are perched in trees" brine In late fall billions of blood-recobalt blue on the float shrimp eggs water creating brilliant streaks of color a wide and 2 to 3 miles long quarter-milThe north arm of the lake also turns a in the late summer when bilgreenish-red e d c g1992 The Salt Lake Tribune Saudis Urge U S ro Topple Sactilam THE NEW YORK TIMES WASHINGTON — Saudi Arabia is pressing the Bush administration to organize a large covert action campaign in Iraq aimed at dividing Iraq's army and toppling Saddam Hussein United States and allied officials say The Saudi initiative seeks an allied effort to supply arms and intelligence to Kurdish rebels in northern Iraq Shiite Moslem fighters in the south and Sunni Moslem opposition forces in central Iraq The aim is to draw out and divide Saddam's last Republican Guard divisions protecting his strongholds around Baghdad and subject them to allied air assaults Saudi advocacy for a new and more aggressive campaign comes as the Bush administration is considering new steps to support Iraqi resistance forces with allied military power and to exploit growing Go West — If You Can Find Room tensions in the Iraqi leadership in a manner that would hasten Saddam's downfall while leaving the formation of a successor government clearly in Iraqi hands The White House remains deeply concerned that the Iraqi leader is still in power at the outset of a presidential election year in which his survival has become a political issue The ouster of Saddam before November's election would remove the shadow that the Iraqi leader casts over Bush's campaign and eliminate the possibility that Saddam could do harm to Bush's effort through provocative statements emanating from Baghdad American and allied officials discussed those plans with a reporter because some believe that the disclosure will by itself instill confidence in Iraqi opposition forces while others who oppose some of See A2 Column 1 rene" ' Those searching for the bizarre can find in plant life along the lake's salt marshes There are bushes with microscopic salt glands that burst like balloons and grasses that secrete salt crystals on It their leaves "These marshes are like wilderness" Sce A-- 4 Column GROWING r rtit Foster 1st of six - i PRESS It didn't take a Ict of charts and figures to convince Butch Barker that the West is filling up He saw the light — literally — two years ago when the little northern California town of Burney got its first traffic signal When Barker moved to Burney in 1981 fur its clean air and country living driving through town was clear sailing as free as the mountains all around Now it's stop go stop go — and life isn't quite the same "It's a symbolic thing" Barker said "Especially at first you'd stop and immediately think of why the light was there and how it came to be" How it came to be for Burney and a thousand other towns in the American ' articles about the z 1 It cr N ' - I - - ' ' 'American West West can be answered with one simple statistic: The West is by far the nation's fastest-growin- g region with a 22 percent population jump in the 1980s more than twice the national rate Newcomers are lured by the same qualities that beckoned early pioneers — open space economic opportunity a chance to start anew But as more See A-Column 1 3 ad EL NINO AND UTAH A new term permeates weather talk these days El Nino Be it wet or dry if must it is extreme El Nino (neen-yo- ) be involved But what does it mean? A strong El Nino developed in 1982- 83 The next couple of years the weather around the world was out of whack Remember those years in Utah? The State Street river? Sandbag brigades? The Thistle slide? A weaker coincidEl Nino surfaced in 1986-8ing with a drought in the West Inside today Salt Lake Tribune veteran weather reporter Mike Gorrell explores what one scientist called the climate fluctuation "largest short-teron the planet" Story Illustration on 7 m The Great Salt Lake "lake the ::::11Weatber: " enhances the amount of snow and rain that falls along the Wasatch Front It also produces a 10 to 15 mph breeze on spring summer and fall afternoons and increases the amount i of winter fog in surrounding valleys : j -- 1 eb"iN) If'- - A I 2 wide-ope- n 0101 The Great Salt Lake: Utah's Dead Sea Brims With Life Myth and Mystery it 1 4- 1 ")11 By David r' A k-- o rl THE ASSOCIATED South Shore State IPark Sahair Marina —1f Wetlands: I ' N -- 'cl I el — ' i Pw-- )A ! I ti s ' !- I k '- et J - Napier-Campbe- lake's west side 4 Cts— Sat: Flats: 20000-acr- e 1144N r i1 't:3 C---- 'A gpurct ' ?1 Excise nd duck stamp paid by hunters helped build taxes refuge owned by the state -- — Ogden Bay: this 1 Bonneville Payu ''''' 075f511mtwomAs11 irtremPms-TvIc---v- Ogden iA r 1:1---- LI -- A-1- 3 States Seeking Quick Fix for Budget Woes THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Ohio might sell its state liquor stores Michigan wants to lease its prisons to the federal government In New York people who get sued might face an extra tax As state governments sink ever deeper into fiscal despair legislators who are reconvening around the nation are groping for new and creative ways to turn red ink into black Raise taxes? Voters are fed up with that Cut spending? Fine if there's anything left to cut "We're past the niceties" said a Maryland state senator Barbara A Hoffman of Baltimore "This is going to hurt" In Maryland which is facing a projected $12 billion shortfall the pain will be felt by state employees some of whom are likely to be laid off or denied raises It will be felt by welfare recipients who are likely to take a cut in benefits And it will be felt by taxpayers who will find little taxes nibbling at their pocketbooks in unexpected places Maryland lawmakers are thinking of extending sales taxes to hitherto untaxed services such as dry cleaning cable television data processing and auto repairs They also might raise cigarette taxes Among the states also considering cigarette-tax increases: Michigan Nebraska Ohio and South Dakota Budget balancing has always been the most important work of state legislatures but it hasn't always been so or so painful It wasn't so long ago that many legislators considered abortion their hottest issue Before that it was drugs or prisons or crime No more See 1-- 2 Column 4 INSIDE ZbeiktlfakeZtibunt Ann Landers Barber' Column Births Classified Ads Crossword Earthworks 8-- 2 C--1 7 A-- Jumble Local News Obituaries C--7 1 News of Weird Public Forum Quotes of Note 1 StiTech Editorials Evans on Media Scoreboard Star Gazer Hall Column 1 WEATHER Areas of low clouds and fog can be pected throughout the state today Page exB-- 2 SPORTS Karl Malone delivered and stamped his place in Jazz history Saturday night when be passed Adrian Dant ley e 'is the team's leading scorer Page D-- 1 all-tim- THE ARTS Utah playwright Aden Ross' "KMille" inspired by French sculptor Camille Claudel's life premieres at the Salt Lake Acting Company this week Page 1 E-- COMNIENTARY If the Legislature is serious about the state's plan for education it will back the plan's words with cold hard cash Page A-2- 6 BUSINESS It's taken a few years but Utah shoppers finally have access to a burgeoning number of fine factory outlets Page 1 D-1- TRAVEL If you think you've seen a big party think again The unabashed bash they throw in Recife Brazil during Carnival is well of Amazonian proportions Page F-- 1 LIFESTYLES Fang Chaohua came to Salt Lake City from Shanghai China and is practicing her art as an herbalist Chinese medicine is based on yin and yang Page F-- 7 PARADE As childless women watch the biological clock tick away desperation often outweighs all else in the passion to be a mother Ignoring risks many women still try Now thanks to new fertility techniques women are making it happen more — and at age 40 and older Magazine Insert 4 t)4 I Area — - Southern Pacific'eauseway j liV—il - I1 tt r- companies - which pay royalties to the state - remove about 16 million tons of salt annually by pumping water from the lake into evaporation ponds then scooping up the mineral Potash and magnesium also are extracted from the ponds construction to create this freshwater reservoir started in 1957 and was completed in 1962 It's now popular Refuge with boaters campers and anglers i Bear River - Aoome — irt 1(J — Willard Bay: Dike 1 '7 4 ' of eeffi:Litni 1 - Minerals Production ' freshwater bird refuge the largest on the Like was one of the fill in the federal system trSapckikseheirleisotn°rNtiyallOSille:869Th Golden Spike '4 23 1928 this 65000-acr- e sr ":1 I" t - on April ' tit:-134o- uL-- Refuge: Estblished i ‘ - - hanweaom I a - 19 1992 Bear River Bird 4 4 linked the East and West coasts of the United Stares The event ranks among the most important in US history III 1 Hill Air 11 r'"" '4 t '1 i ckraltroldaend t linstigavontza Force Training Range 1 ors' 1— From 0451EML-- SUNDAY January nrwore - ii ore Gunnison I ' '' - 1 Pumping Station ' : '' L '' 3000 to 18000 adult white pelicans nest here each spring making it one of the most important US nesting areas Some 12000 to 19000 California gulls also nest on the island i'io' t '' ef - I g Ist1--1 122 f tfrolaiti 11 1 'FITE 1 i: 'f- - 7 1931 11 i I Salt Lake City Utah YEAR '- il 41 y FyjP 111i106 ) -1 rr tt L 11 V V t'7))&kc2i''' Vol 243 No 97 v- '- - 1 r (11 t - ----- '- 4 -- ' -- |
