Show ip i 2 1 1 k f S c 4 AND STEEL IT It INDUSTRY S Demoralizing Effects of Democratic Policies vs Beneficial Effect of Republican Policies KING TO PAUPER AND AD Ar D PAUPER TO TU KING KIC Phenomenal Rise of the Industry Since I 1894 Accurate Barometer of General Trade Co Conditions Wages nd n Wages s-Wages Wages in Increased creased S. S she Iron and Mid steel industry is often otten referred to as tae tue barometer of general general general gen gen- eral business It reflects conditions of ot z depression or prosperity throughout the S country in a remarkably sensitive way for for there is no business nor industry In ta the country which does not share closel closely in the various conditions which make steel either king or pauper and taid nd 5 as Andrew Carnegie once said is always either cither king or pauper S When times were hard as during the I period of the last Democratic administration administration adminis adminis- S s 1893 1896 there was indeed an anS S S open door into the palace of King Steel for tor the wolf of poverty to enter and make Steel a Pauper It was shown then that when panic and nd depression visit the country steel steelS S feels the effects the most sharply end cud z the most Quickly of almost any com corn v THE RESULT OF DEMOCRATIC POLICIES WAS NOT ONLY TO TOH TOc c H HEAVILY A. A VILY CURTAIL THE AMERICAN AMERICAN AMERICAN AMERI AMERI- CAN CONSUMPTION OF IRON IRO A AND ANDS D S STEEL BUT TO GIVE AN OPEN OPE DOOR TO TIlE THE FOREIGNER TO SUPPLY WHAT DEMAND THERE THERES S WAS LEFT In two years from 1892 to 1894 represented by the change from from'S 1 S 'S Republican to Democratic rule the proS pro- pro I k of pig iron in the United States S S S dropped from tons to S tons The financial depression that existed through the Cleveland administration S i S made it difficult for railroads to float floatS the issues of bonds that were needed to toS S S S S raise money for new rails bridges cars J and other equipment involving large larg consumption of iron and steel The same was as true of the building trades and l other Industries which can use iron and It- It f. f steel teel only as their business can expand and whose business instead of expanding S during the last Democratic administration J lion tion was forced to contract t. Remarkable Chance Chanse Occurs Occur After the election of President McKinley McKinley Mcf Mc- Mc f Kinley the enormous gains both in our ourS S consumption and our production of IronS iron I. I S end and steel attracted the attention of business business busi busi- ness MSS interests throughout the world l. l W was Pauper under the I jJ administration once again was as King and like King Cotton and ancl S 'S King Corn the of bis his worldwide growth c power and prestige un under er the sponsorship sponsorship sponsor sponsor- ship hip of the Republican party was nothing noth noth- S lug ing short of marvelous The great victory for the gold standS standard standard stand stand- S 5 ard erd cured the uneasy panicky conditions S that had prevailed in the money market It was possible in 1897 for great improvements improvements improvements im im- im- im to be financed by railroads and other The investor caIne came out Gut of the woods where he had been during Democratic times and andr r bought bonds that represented cash to tobe tobe be expended in more rails more bridges more snore cars more machinery more skyscrapers skyscrapers sky sky- scrapers and more other things that required required required re re- re- re enormous consumption of iron and 5 steel But the increasing ability of the country to buy more iron and steel was wasS S met by increasing necessity for larger S. S con consumption The railroads suffered from car shortages because they could could'S S S 'S not Dot buy new cars ears fast enough to keep pace with the increasing business that came to them In almost every line of industry the calls in the iron and steel industry for material increased so rapidly rapidly rap rap- idly that th-at it was a dif difficult cult matter for forI forthe forthe I the iron and steel manufacturers to hire new siew men fast enough for the additional work to be d done ne and to otherwise keep up with enormously increasing S tion But ut the Republican policy of ot protection protection pro pro- not only operated by its general generalS S 5 business effects to stimulate the increasing S In ing consumption but also to force the increasing consumption to be met not by larger foreign imports of iron and S steel giving more work for the foreigners foreign foreign- ers to do but by increasing domestic production giving more work for AmerIcan American Amer Axner- S' S ican Scan to do at continuously Increasing wag wages S. S S Consumption and Production Here nere are the figures as to how bow both 5 consumption and production of ot pig Iron almost trebled between the Democratic year IS 1894 through the McKinley and andS S Roosevelt administrations up to the year yea 10 1004 1904 Production Consumption Tons Tons S' S 1894 1804 j 1898 5 1699 1 1900 OO 1901 1002 1903 Conquest of Foreign Markets Market P With the vast rest increase in the domestic domes domes- S tic production of iron and steel under Republican rule it became possible to conduct the industry at a relatively far tar greater perfection and lesser cost than 5 when the work was done on only one- one third the scale TIllS THIS CAUSED CAUS D THE S UNITED STATES jS BY ITS IlS SUPERIOR SUPE SUPE- METHODS ABILITY TO TURN OUT THE BEST TYPES O ON I THE SHORTEST NOTICE AND AIm AT ATTHE ATTHE THE TilE LEAST 00 COST ST ST. TO PEACEABLY PEACEABLY PEACE PEACE- A ABLY LY INVADE WITH IRON IRO AND D STEEL THE MARKETS OF THE WORLD DURING THE TWELVE TWELVEMONTHS TWELVEMONTHS MO MONTHS E ENDING DING WITH JUNE 1904 THE TOTAL EXPORTS OF 01 IRON IRO A AND D STEEL AND THE TIlE MANUFACTURES MANUFACTURES MAN- MAN A AMOUNTED M I 0 U N NT T E B D TO AGAINST DURING THE DEMOCRATIC YEAR YEUt 1894 During the last eight years the British British British Brit Brit- ish newspapers have been forced to dolefully dolefully dole dore- full fully notice a continued succession of ot American industrial triumphs over Great Britain Now it is an American firm that gets the contract to build the great Atbara bridge across the Nile in upper Egypt Now it is an American locomotive locomotive locomotive loco loco- motive that supersedes the British locomotive locomotive locomotive loco loco- motive on a leading English railroad Now it is an American electrical company company com corn pany that gets all the orders for the electrical electrical electrical elec elec- equipment for the great new London London Loudon Lon Lou don underground railroad system And thus episodes of American commercial conquest during the last eight years could be he r repeated until they would grow wearisome to read The continued triumphs tri tri- of the United States in the steel and iron trade at the same time that this industry in hi Great Britain has been in process of decline led to the creation recently of a British Commission of ot business business busi busi- ness uess experts to investigate the sit sit- This commission commissio in its first report report report re re- re- re port on the iron and steel trade presents information of the highest value from firms employing over 87 per of the labor in this combined trade trade out of an aggregate of workers and it has ascertained that tint while this in industry industry industry in- in has been advancing rapidly in other countries it has remained almost stationary in Great Britain The Dhe imports imports imports im im- im- im ports have increased per cent and the exports have declined 7 71 per cent and foreign competitors protected in their own home markets have made it I the basis for the conquest of the British market The masters of the trade have been consul consulted ted and only 5 per cent of them are content with fre free trade and A ot lna The lh employers of o. o t. t 87 per percent per ot of the labor are are convinced d that that neither masters nor men can expect expect equality of conditions unless the home i Per cent Date ot of Census Census- Ini Increase io to 1800 1900 1000 1900 Number of establishment r 4 Capital 5 Salaried officials clerks etc number 1131 Salaries Wage earners average number S Total wages 3 4 S S Men 16 years and over 13 63 S 5 Wages 33 S' S S'S S Women 16 years eals and over 88 58 1071 i- i Wages S Children under 16 years 2180 11 1901 01 S S Wages 09 Miscellaneous expenses expense 18 f 1 Cost o of materials used tta Value o of products 2224 pounds each 80 I S. S Tons o of products 2221 pounds each tach Not reported separately industries are protected The commission commission commis commis- sion itself reports unanimously that the relative decline of ot the iron and steel industry industry industry in in- cannot be attributed to natural disadvantages or want of ot skill and enterprise enterprise enterprise en en- on the part of ot either of British manufacturers or workmen but is due to the fact that their competitors in the United States and Germany having secured secured se se- se- se cured control of their home markets by means of ot tariffs and the regulation of their export trade are in a position to export their surplus products Increase In W gee ces The value to labor and to the industrial Industrial indus Indus- trial and commercial interests of ot the United States of ot the development of the theiron theiron theiron iron and steel industry under Republican rule will be apparent when it ds is realIzed realized realized real real- that the wages and salaries paid In iron and steel manufacture in the United States have hare increased from 89 in 1890 1800 to In 1900 1000 The growth and importance to labor of the iron and steel industry Is illustrated by the following table the figures being a part of the official report of the United States Census of ot 1900 J mos iron rOQ tire Ure re R DI eIon Get Benefits The extraordinarily good times which came to the iron and steel industry of ot the United States brought exceptional prosperity pros to our iron ore regions the United States soon assuming a greatly increasing lead over oyer its closest competitors tors tons Great Britain and Germany From the Democratic years 1805 1895 to 1001 1901 the latest date where official data is available the production of the three countries was was' Great Britain Germany U. U S. S Gross tons Metric tons Gross tons 1895 1896 1807 1897 79 1808 1899 1900 1000 1294 1001 8 In Iii 1001 1901 the tons of ore produced produced produced pro pro- by the United States exceeded by tons the combined output of Great Britain and Germany which amounted only to tons The high record of ot production in this country was reached In 1902 1002 wb when n the total was in a combined world output of ot about tons Germany reached its highest record in 1900 with 1896 tons and Great Brita Britain n its maximum In 1889 when lt Its total was tons In 1901 IDOl the year when this cOlIn country try for tor the first firt time produced more ore than Great Britain and Germany combined com corn the total world output of ore was tons leaving only fO for th the entire world outside the United States whose production was tons For the I lr tr the official figures with S r the exception of ot Russia show production tion by countries as follows Tons United States Germany 16 8 G Great rea t Britain 1227 Spain Prance Hungary Austria 2 I Sweden Belgium AU All others Total I |