Show WATER WAYS bia ja alp 10 U A as construction of the manch ua 1 ster ship canal shown to ha have vc resuscitated many dying towns the washington D C sept 30 in t that hat the previous articles it was sho shown n waterways carry goods more cheaply chea ply than rail N a s do or can and compel the rail raila ays to carry for less than other otherwise wie would and then the claim was almade made that the ampro ment of wat water erwa was s is a benefit to the rail railways ays with which they several compete were given iven to support this claim and many more might be given if pace al allowed loed for the anter who ho has studie I 1 the subject for twenty fl five e years has found many instances of benefit and not a single instance of harm to rail ai i from the improvement of waterways it is 13 now in order to see if we e can find a reason for this rather surprising result waterways rays as has ben been aid said before produce benefits in three prine princ pal bal ways by direct baying saving in the cost cos of transportation of r good carried by w ater indirect lendlr saving ving by the lower ing of railway rates through the corn coin p petition ot of water ater routes and may be called a creative effect it Is this last named effect which we are now to co consider nilder manchester england before he con st ruction of the ship canal was as a dying town hundreds of stona and thousands hou sands of dwellings were empty factories were closed some molli away and 1 eloa vas decreasing ith the opening of the canal all thie 1 wag was changed Factor leaa reopened new now one ones were built the empty houses I 1 were reviled and thousands of new ones built to accommodate the tion that cawa pouring in and the benefits wen werl sot tot confined to manches ter alone but were ere distributed over the whole great industrial region con kalning over 8 people of which manchester Is the center it wa not only natural but inevitable that the great increase in population and pros verity in manchester and the surround ing region should be reflected in the business and the profits of the rail ways ays therein liverpool also aluad I 1 liverpool dell desperately irately to pre vent the bullying bul laing of th the canal and the establishment of the new port part of man alan chester but instead of being injured by the canal the business of Ll Liver verrol has increased taster faster than before dar ing the 13 years before the canal was opened the increase in the harbor re at liverpool was only in the same length of time after it was as opened the iner increase tase was 1 rhe bk b 00 tons of traffic nt at lanchester lanc herter tue bae ba e rot leaeu boolen from liverpool atey li h a beta created by the canal frankfort Franki ort germany before lefore the iziver main lain waa as impi improved oved was not a dying city but waa stagnant agnant bt mannheim and mayence on the rhine w which hati had been improved were ere gro grow lug tug rapidly while frankfort was as growing very little aa As soon a the canal of the river was as fird finished shed which aich was in isab tho the city becq beg m to grow and aud has kept on groug ever since the population which was in 1 issa has increased to in 1895 1 to 0 in 1903 1905 and 13 1 probably more than no now evidently the people of frankfort expect their city to keep on growing too they spent over 1500 on harbor when hen the river wasi was first improved and are hard at work right now buil dirl a new and much larger larser harbor at a cost of just as in lit the case ot of manchester the benefit waa was not con fined to the city of frankfort the in du and commercial life ot of the whole region was vas greatly stimulated I 1 mines lines long closed were ere industries were started and today there Is an almost continuous slon sion of factories lining the banks of the aler from francfort Fran clort to the rhine everybody benefit hunt the world orld around and always and everywhere we find that the im 1 prove men of waterways ate rays sets cities to 1 growing factory to humming and to 10 moving in n a wider aid and swifter at stream baw hull liall roads get more business in big cities than la small ma to towns ans in a densely po puNted region than in one that turing ma manufacturing n ac Is thinly settled N waterways ater ways therefore benefit railways rall waye and states and I 1 nations as well by promoting an in in manufacture i crease in population for one who hut and in commerce clear down to the hot bot likes to get torn tom of thing things there still remains je do waterways waterway 5 iab 1 a question any crease population and a nd create corn coin merce and industry consul gener Geer 1 maon 1 I an now w in paris but for year years at frankfort eay says german wa was among samong th that the time the tile first to foresee come when ben rAll having extension and reach ro achl 4 their maximum there would remain lve a vast chaw raw material mater iab ala coal co surplus 0 crude metals tone and timber ores carried which h could be b economically distances distance oil only y by water tram trawl long and that n a fu fully fly developed tation por the proper national yam ytm would be to carry 8 role of 0 and t the h e higher ca classes isles of e agers from the manufactured ma had that tha t the waterway w staples tap brought to door doors |