Show making money monet y on t the h e fa farm rill M XV locating and plant ino ing the tho orchard by G V GRIGORY author of home course in modem modern agriculture copyright 1909 by amrien proa aoelian Aoe iian IRI faria him haic at E EIK t i 1 f E w fruit r u it tre treo 4 to 1 pro re alc tr fr i t f for or ho home m e use 1 U lacre lit re suit wil and cili cl hattte nate arc taio rable and anti a i lu u d t f tin in ie I 1 e secured fruit aronim imming ro nim for or birket ja n sery ery table I 1 ii lait ib ill mist nt important paint point ILI it 11 it mug biln HI lit 4 ach la Is tit imong the aa lua tion 1 itic hi lant 1 ahli uld ae 1 e lutu nill wull yell Ira luid if it 1 not arti tidal arnin igi IR should be 1 to V lit derat t L Is tile lhost niost dyel brets a on it north sl du do not IK us fluidly in lit the tie spring birl ti mid oa 01 10 lo the dangar of has timing Itil tin th fruit buds b an ail un untimely froit frost if Is esq and an lit orchard on bucl a n slope also lowi from HUD sun beald nod and drought if the bill hill on alch the farin farm build las lags ur art placed 14 1 large 1 enough the orchard liard anu le lo aud on the north slept and anti the buildings on the kuth A wind windbreak bren k of a double doubt ro to v of 0 e evir 4 r grains on oil tile lie west vest and unit north allt atop the snow allow in lit fluur und and hap to kel the fruit from 11 1 1 tl off in inn mer to complete this protection tile lie wind windbreak breal wilt vill hate hae to tie lie extended all the u na aa around since in many or of the h b i j m minds ands come from a south erly air drainage the question of air drainage la is fully ax an important aa as that of water drainage cold air id Is heavy and drains into the hollows hollos tue the air ou on the spes pea Is warn warm aud dry the differ cuce ence of a few ew feet in elevation often makes males a difference dICCe rence of several degreck de grecs in tempe ratum ac ar orchard located ou oil a rise of land will escape many of the frosts that cut down the profits in on orchard less favorably located trees on it hill are also less likely to bo be troubled with turi gous diseases diee asea since dry air la Is not favorable to them A boll too rich in nitrogen promotes leaf and wood growth at the expense of fruit for thil this reason black prairie eoll sell la Is not BU so well adapted to fruit growing ia some other landa lands loamy clay oil soil with a porous sub boll soil makes an ideal foundation for an orchard cleared timberland la is also very good you cannot expect with an ail orchard if you plant the trees in a hole in the eod sod the land should be put in to some cultivated crop for at least a benr before setting out the trees this gets ti tie e boll soil in good t and the brets treia will have a it fair chance from tho the start what to plant decided on the location for the orchard the nest next step Is to select the kinda kinds and of fruit to bo be grown gron the apple la Is tho the most widely grown tret roe fruit in thia this country it has lardy ardy varieties that can be grown well up into the tile northern lont no acerit AITI woh other fire to them 4 the tilt iq even more hardy than the apple and anti some of the tho varlet vart otle les civi na dp de fruit ae at abild tie too for arl ralo fairly hardy and nd few fell trew ar art a valuable lalu alu able addition to orchard la ift the milder polities Poli thes tint and can ean be addeal nd ll to the bitet the of variety in 1 aoe alf that hat imet ft be erod for cou S the old mandani tan dani i ar it tit moat rel reliable lable pt tp that arp re already d ing aril ell in your locality ran cau be on lour state expert reimt or eltty will alair furnish you a list of the NArie tips that are adapted to your locality one mistake often made in eting out nn an apple tipple orchard Is I 1 tn in planting too mary summer and fall fail arbetee arl arlet etee fes chette are of little falu for tn arket they do not keep well and aro are largely wasted ira cited unless atey can be canned or sinco since tho the devel of cold et elrage rage one of the better tar arlt Kled little wh sih as can be b left all win ler r it t all farmers have ice or are le IM 0 td athin reuh fd 1141 war h hua honiter ir it will aeto r illy pay to put a large I 1 lart art i f the orchard into rc reliable liable win 1 ti r lor for borne homo uw ir enort alon toward and bring a 11 lilI hillur it r arti e kii ii lair point to in 14 1 friits Is liapi stunt in lit brou ronn for lit ani im im U N tien hen the fruit Is 19 to be Bil bilal hit pt pl 1 I nn dit bittance dl tance still alil i iny ing unit let i ing ln qualities arc are of first important e and the cating uba and cooking conking 4 jakc a it secondary meld ii 1 alao 1 important buy at the homo home nursery in lubing fruit trw trec it la Is best ta to steer char of nn ants ts with alth ut of i ond wonderful erful quality and icid some nur aurico er arl const anti le u but to u man are tire not cut th that it 1 I 1 lit to se pirate the she sheep P from the tile boats rhe best a 14 1 to jakc lour tion of unit ad then ket get the ane nurs aryman it in bour our own it 11 3 a OU can call po go t tin buim ri and buy jhc thc n of if the s much 11 tin ie better in lit that case ou oil can select tin the mitt ami and lo 10 sure of kittine Kitt lne kodi god i nw thrift one or atno old tri 04 i it ith it in ell it i ebol ed root sy ss H atin iti lit d I 1 atter ail jail I 1 arl hiner lit at r tinn thin th in I 1 irger otiel ya ts soon aa as the trees are ar recia ld from the nur nursery they should be beal cd ed in thia this la Is done bl digging it trenel ind covering the roots and gibout halt of the tops with dirt N hu the hive irive been for some distance it 4 happens tint thit they tire dozen ullen han received in this case tin should be paced placed in some outbuilding covered it straw and lert left to thaw OIK out tandi ity ily in thlu wn na littia hann harin will bo be don doni preparation for planting the land should be deeply plowed before planting and well disked and harrowed it is a good practice to xa TIO LOW HEADED APPLE make the back furrow a 9 N where here the rows are tire to bo be and the dead furrows s between bet een the row the dead furrows will thus serve is am ditches to carry off surplus water nater it 1 N better to do this plo plowing aning in the fall if the preceding crop can be got off the land in line time in the bouth the planting may be done in the fall also but in sections Ions where the ground breems to any depth it 1 Is safar to plant in lit the pring spring tall I all planted trees arc are liable to root killing during the winter in the drier parts of the country too the roots do not get dent clent moisture to supply the trunk and brambel and the tho tree treo la Is so badly dried out during the winter that it Is a killed in lands with a stiff sub soll running 11 Pub subsoil plow plon down doun the row before p tinting la Is practiced with good results n suits ii in extreme hard bard bolls a little dyna mite in th bottom of the hole up the subsoil cou d cr ably the hol hole should be dus dug lar far gil thin thlin the roots of the tile tree and line fine soil thrown in around the roots the roots should be well mell spread cpr nd out and anti the tile trie ett three or four indus deeper than it la Is to be finally ily taking hold of the tup top and churning it up ind down donn after the roots have been cohered with dirt the soil poll will vill lie thor hughly worked in around the roots As the trie me ii 1 worked up and dou down n it la Is gradually raised rali to the proper height part of the top should I 1 e cut off le be fore planting the top la Is dependent on the roots for its moisture supply A consider ible part of t e root ys ten tew haa has been list I 1 lat in transplanting and an d the top would be cut back to match i in planting tIng one or two year old trees known as whips this cutting bick mck serve a double purpose by causing the tree to throw out branches just below where it la 1 cut off in trees of tills this kind the cut should be a few inches aloe where the first branches ire lirt to 1 iv alit re Is 14 considerable dlf diff frence irence f f pinion i oncoming the hali ht to head apple tries t low headed tn tr is are le less leh H 11 able to sun scald sin shi 11 tb IN branau br andu 4 shade the tile trunk th I 1 ire easier easler to the al I 1 e 4 nilly gathered aza there Is a io i much leon 1 dannage aiom large branches bran clra belue oft off b the wind mind the ailef Wet lill to low heading herding Is iq tint th it it Is it itil alt to get nar the art trie e m ali it n 11 tin flip orchard this olp ain homerr hi liver r la 14 harbir enough to ut weigh the e s of low bea Illig if it tile noil poll Is firmly packed there Is litell 1441 of water unter in the tile hole when plant lac tir the tilt dirt should be kl ver firmly around the routs gt gt t in with fib both feel ft and pack it as lia hard all 1 it Is 14 n gohl va llin in to lean the tra a little to the aith in hat that the branches tr anches may chaile the mink better and also alio be calibe tho h hardest winds in are usually freal a n southerly direction the ille standard distance apart for ap pie trees Is thirty two to forty fiet fet eccli ell wiy plum and cherry treen trees mav 11 1 le ns n lose cle as tio ti o twenty feet vp k p pir PIP tri arc are often planted 10 16 by 32 feet the alternate rows row being heing 11 f some early bearl laring tic short lived variety when whon till latter trees co come me into bear in inc alfors hobirt so cut nat out |