Show FARMS AND housekeepers SCHOOL A BIG SUCCESS school opened monday morning ad with good attendance horses sheep poultry horticulture horti CUI dry farming insect pests and domestic science among subjects treated continued from last issue THURSDAY MORNING prof geo M turpin poultry raising the poultry industry in the united states Is rapidly assuming large proportions and in 1900 it Is estima estimated td there were invested in this industry alone and people are just beginning to realize the value of poultry products the greatest poultry industries are found from connecticut to maryland aryland Al then nest est in the states just south 0 of the great lakes very little poultry is raised in utah as compared with that ot of the east although our conditions are much better than those ot of the east climate is a big factor in poultry raising because of 0 its influence on the food and the kinds ot of houses bouses used in this industry dry air is good tor for the bodily condition ot of fowls and our grain is much cheaper than in other sections ot of the country with tile the exception ot of corn the annual revenue from this industry in some of the eastern states reaches the enormous total of from fifty to sixty millions of dollars in petalena petaluna Pet aluna valley california there are about liens hens all white leg horns rhode island and south shore mass lass 1 are also both noted as among the greatest poultry sections ot of the country in preparing fowls for the market the crate battening patt ening method is a very good one which is to lock the fowls in crates and feed them on wet mashes a lew few weeks before sending them to market this method is now used by many of the big packing houses in this industry the important thing Is to know what kinds to produce geese are almost entirely a farm industry and not very fast reproducers turkeys have made rhode island lamous famous but the turkey business is now on the decline this fowl does not thrive well in large numbers clack black head is a disease which now threatens this bird ducks thrive very well under our domestic conditions and are among the oldest known fowls the egyptians made a practice of raising ducks lor for hundreds ot of years they live on the cheaper class of foods and are the most profitable to move onto the market when between eight and twelve weeks old the pekin duck is the universal kind produced there is no money in fancy poultry raising and the most profitable kind is the roost most popular which at present js Is the white leghorn they are great egg cee producers and small eaters a great deal of rocks gra vel etc not a farmers fowl because they are too wild and are not setters the black minorca eats more but Is not a good market bird the eggs however are very large the silver spangled hamburges Ham burgs are large layers but the eggs ire are small and the low I 1 is not a good market bird on account of its small size poultry originated in india in the western pait pail we have the egg producers and in the eastern part tile market birds the drama brama is a good example of the eastern bird and is a good farm bird too large for general market purposes and is not an extra good layer many market men object to the feathers on its legs the bluff cochin is very similar to the dramas the barred plymouth rock is the most popular fowl produced in the uni ted states and the Wyn dotts are about the equal ot of the plymouth rocks but the eggs are slightly smaller rhode island reds originated in rhode island and are arc good setters and mothers and very popular the bluff orpington is gaining quite a hold now although objection Is found to the whiteness of the flesh in market circles the birds are very popular nevertheless I 1 Hou housings Is one oft hebig questions in poultry i raising alsing the man who gets the most eggs does not always make the greatest profit because he may have invested too much money in vl housing and caring lor for his fowls mistakes are frequent in this direction there are two plans extensive anil and there are things more important than warmth such as aa good dry quarters lots of ventilation and sunlight Dampness Is more injurious than cold co il and the hen ben house should have no floor but build it so that it can be moved front from time to time A house salo feet feel nill ill be a comfortable house for 40 liens hens if there Is lots of room outside liens hens should be set se separate from the other chickens and a box feet will comfortably rt accommodate C 6 hens bens breeding Is very important in the poultry industry and hens should be renewed every three years at least know the age of every one of your chickens and watch their constitution keeping only those strong and healthy get eggs when the price is the highest and hatch the chicks early and they will lay in september and october and all winter select the breeding stock from the strongest best built and most vigorous and the best layers the vigorous stock is on the roost first at night and off last in the morning tall tail drooping comb well developed color bright I 1 showing vitality full wide head clear eyes short curved bill these are some of 0 the signs ot of a good bird glossy smooth plumage also denotes a good strong bird the feed should be put in large hoppers insects in the spring and summet are dainty dishes for a chicken grit is a good aid to digestion and hens must have bane lime or they wil eat tile the eggs animal matter takes the place ol of lime in a measure oyster shells are very good green bone meat ineat scraps and curd of skim milk are other good foods wheat is very good barley good and cheap making the best feed when aben chopped corn is ex excellent because of the oil it contains bran and other shorts ire are economical and good for making bone in young chicks green grecu food is not provided enough alfalfa is very good and the yolks of the eggs will be nice an and yellow it if the liens hens it have ate plenty of 0 green food this kind of food keeps the digestive organs in good condition it is good to have a variety of foods consisting of two or three kinds of grains mongle morsels are good but red pepper is not as it stimulates A little salt in the mash adds to its value one disadvantage of eaily hatching is that the chicks will w ill molt in tile the fall prof Tur pins lecture was illustrated THURSDAY AFTERNOON prof L A merrill dairying illustrated tra ted we have as good conditions n this state as anywhere tor for dairying having good pasture good cheap food and we can feed two or three times as many cows on an acre of pasture as they can in elgin district which is noted the world over for its splendid dairy products the trouble with utah farmers is they dont get the right kind of cows and then they do not tend their cows properly especially in treating them kindly there is no question of the profits in the industry the condensed milk factories in cache county net the owners a profit and down in holden millard mallard county the people got together and incorporated a small creamery the first year the business paid a 12 per cent dividend besides putting 2000 in ia the sinking fund it pays to keep heep good cows A certain cow on one of the salt lake farms produced quarts of milk in a year at 5 cents the quart netting her owner 1606 too many people have beef cattle on their farms the dairy cow lias has a wide head bead large placid eye long lean face large nostril long lean neck ribs well sprung long lean tail bones and hair glossy good large barrel with depth in the region of tile the heart udder well balanced and swung well to the front as well as back the january vein well to the front tortuous and prominent these are some of the requirements in a good daily type jerseys and are the quality breeds with holsteins as the quantity breed these kinds are the special purpose kinds and the breeds needed in his section in the dual purpose breeds we have the red pole which however Is not very popular the stomach of a cow weighing ae 1000 pounds all aill hold quarts while the stomach of a horse the same size holds 19 quarts alfalfa should be cut early as the digestible matter is retained in the feed to a greater proportion than when it is cut late clean up around the dairy barns and keep the stables clean milk should bo be the cleanest of 0 w all foods as itis it is easiest to absorb bad odors alfalfa Is not the only feed for cows green peas and oats when hen cut green are splendid in the summer it is good I 1 to change the feed of the cow giving her a little variety such as field corn barley peas etc which should be cultivated on a little piece of ground tor for that purpose the pasture should not be deper depended i d upon too much the best pasture gl grasses a are kentucky blue grass rye grass red top orchard grass clover and alfalfa THURSDAY EVENING prof P V cordon A better agriculture for box elder county all the talks luring during the week have been for better agriculture the question might very properly prop eily be asked why does the united states let people go from her borders every year into canada to pursue a agriculture ri when ahen we have lust just as good resources and opportunities here as anywhere canada is advertising up there they let the outside world know what they have but here at home we make no attempts to get gel in the lime light the best way to advertise any section is through its products and by every one working harmoniously together taking making honest prices and producing first class stuff we have everything here fruit growing dry farming irrigated farming we have succeeded ceded in making a name lets keep it A very deierl mental practice to the good name of brigham city is the selling of inferior fruits to passengers on the trains at the depot thru this means brigham fruits have become advertised in the wrong manner by selling nothing but the very best fruit the good reputation which brigham fruits foults have made in other places will be sustained but there is no denying the harmful conditions which have existed at the depot heretofore by all means do your farming right by earning your money on the farm and spending the major portion of it on the farni farm build up ill the country around you fix up tip the roads the opportunities for development in this county are very good as these alkali flats can be drained some day by means of bear river and made into productive lands prof L A merrill dry farming in box elder county dry farming does not promote the building of homes but is more generally carried on by organizations by experience per peri lence ence it has been shown that it costs about 30 per bushel to prod produce wheat on oil irrigated lands while the cost per bushel for production of the same grain on dry lands is only about 18 19 cents tile the man who grows wheat on irrigated lands ten years from now will be a curiosity as the proposition I 1 will not pa pay in view ot of the less cost of production on dry lands and the people in this county will regret that they j did not take up the dry land within its borders when it could be done so easily and cheaply if we could increase the vegetable ind and animal matter in the soil here W we would bould have more moisture and thes the soil 1 I would bould hold the moisture better vi which bich bould avoult not necessitate so much irrigation the fact of the matter at present is we irrigate more than we need to 0 o as a rule it if we would grow and plow low under tinder lignum ous plants the fer tilita of at the soil would be much great er r and would hold the moisture better peaches and other crops can be irown grown without irrigation showing that we can be more sparing with irrig irrigation a we have now only square miles of irrigated lands and there are projects under way to bring under cultivation millions of acres of irrigable lands while there will remain millions ot of acres which never can be irrigated lands NN aich must be brought into use by means of dry farming i it precipitation in a place is sufficient dry farming can be carried on successfully the maintenance of moisture in the soil is the all absorbing question and one of the best methods of conserving the moisture is fall plowing the disc plow is being successfully used in plowing at this point prof merrill introduced a number of illustrations shoeing the experiments of the government on experimental farms relative to the quil question qu stion under tinder discussion 1 taking up his talk prof merrill stated that the young people of this state have a great work to perform performs i which if faithfully performed will make this state one of the leaders in the sisterhood the reclamation of the acres and acres of lauds lands in the state Is s the problem that confronts us FRIDAY MORNING dr E D bill ball method if improvement of farm and live lie stock our success in farming and dairying depends upon our methods of 0 breeding to improve people improve crops by selecting the biggest ears of corn largest kernels of wheat etc for planting but that Is not entirely the best it is good because the kernels contain more nourishment than the small ones but that is not the thing most important j the law of variation says there are not two plants animals or anything in this world lust just exactly alike each has its own ch characteristics arac terl sties the law lav further demonstrates that every plant and animal produces more offspring than can eer live one tree will produce more seed in a year than there are trees in fit hundreds of counties one of those seeds of the thousand will continued on page five farmers and housekeepers Honse keepers school continued from page three grow tile elephant is the slowest animal at reproduction yet it if one pair pail should live and reproduce for they would overrun tile the in 10 tile the selection then of seed in as much as so ao few live in proportion to the many that lie aie produced it simply resolves itself into tile the question of the survival of tile the fittest and the fittest will always survive the animal adapts itself and the one best adapted Is selected by the law of transmission or heredity like produces like but with variation the characteristics that make any animal best adapted are tile the characteristics acte that keep up ills his race when we are breeding we should always work these laws as they are arc the ones nature has used and handed down when selecting seed potatoes ces take tire tiie best potato from aiom the best hills vint that were planted from the same po tato when selecting wheat don dont t take tire the largest heads but take the largest plant with the most stock and take like the biggest heads of this plant with the most kernels we generally to produce more bushels to the acre therefore we want plants with nvia jl the most stalks A plant or in an animal Is not judged for its value as a breeder by itself it is judged by its offspring this power of stamping the vall valuable character characteristics ls in the offspring is called the hereditary power every animal is judged by its hereditary power and we should breed below the average of the race in breeding trotters speed has begotten speed but the highest speed has not begotten the highest speed the hereditary tendency ot the animal above tile the average Is down while the hereditary tendency of the animal below the average is up do not breed breca the ehe extremes mendala Mend Alend als laws of heredity ire arc the laws that underlie all this and they are as sure as mathematics take mice for example if a white and grey mouse were bred together all the offspring would be grey these are called hybrids it if the hybrids wore were bred one third would be grey and nd two thirds would be white these character characteristics characters ls bics tics are called recessive and predominant in the case of the hybrids where all are grey the white never show until these are bred the white here are |