| Show m i s c r lk haq ta ra 0 u s tricks in hunting the hunter in every land has long used deception and ruse to enable him to get within reasonable distance of his game hunting by imitating the animal to be caught is very common among the natives of many tribes in africa we find the curious dwarfs the akkas discovered by dr schweinfurth hunting ostriches in this manner an ostrich skin is 18 taken and drawn over one of the hunters who supports the neck either with a stick or one arm a bow and arrow being held ready for use fitted in this way the human ostrich moves over the plain pretending to feed and imitating the motions of the live birds so well that in many cases they approach closely enough to bring them down with a well aimed arrow A family of these little people who are not over four or five feet in t height eight was recently brought to europe drope and in berlin gave a rep resen tation before some scientific men of their method of taking ostriches which was considered very ingenious the ostrich though stupid to is not always deceived and an instance is related where one of the birds becoming enraged either at the supposed bird or the hunter rushed at it ft and at a single kick knocked over the unfortunate akka and tore his ostrich skin in shreds while trampling him under foot and it was with considerable difficulty that the bird was driven off 94 aj the bogus ostrich rescued some curious tactics have to be adopted in hunting the crocodile in eastern countries one method among the native tribes is to fasten a native baby a fat plump one to a stake near the shore and when the huge reptiles attracted by its screams come out of the water they are shot in other places the hunters attach branches to their heads and crawl along until they are within reaching distance this is often attempted with birds and the so called floating blinds are often merely boats covered with branches the wind taking the latter carries it down among the unsuspecting birds very few animals are caught napping unless the hunter displays remarkable talents in deception when a herd of elephants is feeding it invariably is protected by a guard of watchful sentinels so with monkeys when they are devastating a cornfield the sentinels are stationed about to give warn warning i ng at the slightest noise when the whole band will go pell mell over the fields in the direction of the forest I 1 have often noticed this among birds especially the california quail the moment I 1 approached the sentinel would pipe up and tell all the rest that danger was nigh the most striking example of this guardianship I 1 observed on the pacific coast about foai miles south of the town of santa monica A mile away I 1 saw a flock bock of pure white cranes and wishing to secure one I 1 rode up the N i beach upon the ocean side there left my horse and began ncy my walk over the sand dunes the mEjo majority rity of the flock bock were iu a secluded portion of the little bay presenting the appearance from a distance of a white sheet upon the dark shore when within an eighth of a mile of them I 1 found that there were half a dozen sentinels posted at various places every slight elevation near the flock bore a very wideawake wide awake bird and my only chance to approach them was by hiding behind the sand hills and crawling from one to another this I 1 did for at least half an hour making perhaps two hundred feet and then I 1 ventured to look up I 1 fairly held my breath as not ten feet away was a beautiful white sentinel he saw me immediately med lately gave a note of warning and at the moment the air was filled with waving wings and the long white necks of the birds it is very evident that the birds have a language understood by themselves this system of placing sentinels is one of the best beet evidences of it and shows that our feathered friends are far more intelligent than we generally suppose philadelphia times does american farming pay while human ingenuity Is exhausting hau sting itself laying down the laws of commerce and establishing the methods of manufactures the business of tilling the soil is allowed to pursue its quiet and unobtrusive way guided by such light as can be drawn from practical experience it can not blaid that the thoughtful students of social and civil affairs have a feeling of contempt for the business of farming but it can be said that they are not inclined to consider it with the respect they feel for more attractive and demonstrative stra tive and imposing occupations the attractions of estates all lecog nue the fancy farms of prosperous merchants and manufacturers and the result of their management are too often charged to the business of farming which is conducted lu iu large measure and small asan as an on which a community depends for its subsistence the profits of chisin this industry are not to be estimated by the wasteful extravagance of business entered upon for the gratification of taste or by the failures of the idle and incompetent it is not every ship that makes a prosperous voyage it is not every mill that earns great dividends nor is it every farm that remunerates the owner and cultivator these three industries occupy mankind however and the question of profits belongs to all alike and the success of all depends on the wisdom and skill with which they are managed and on a judicious observance of the industrial laws of each locality it is only necessary to look back from the present decade to the last to obtain the most gratifying evidence dence of the pro progress gress of this country in the work of tilling the soil starting in 1870 at which time the country had reached an enormous production in proportion to the population and making comparisons pari sons with the returns of 1880 we may learn what can be accod accomplished in a single decade by a pe people 0 p T e constantly increasing in numbers and occupying new lands in 1870 the wheat crop was bushels in 1880 it was bushels in 1870 the amount of cotton raised was bales in 1880 it was more than bales in 1870 the amount of indian corn raised was bushels in 1880 the amount was bushels in 1870 the crop of oats reached bushels in 1880 it reached bushels in 1870 the tobacco crop amounted to it amounted to pounds the increase of agricultural products was nearly per cent in these ten ben years and in the last year of this decade the increase was in even greater ratio than this that the prosperity of agriculture has kept pace with the increasing prosperity of every other industry in our land is manifest the activity of the grain growing sections has been and is great and the demand for the product of the pasture and the stall has been most encouraging to those who supply the market at home and abroad the encouragement moreover of local and special crops has been so great that the farmer feels confident of securing a suitable reward for the labor which he applies to the care ful aad systematic tillage of the soil to supply local markets with what they require and for the care which he bestons bestows on the orchard aud and the dairy the condition of the american farmer is looked upon as so satisfactory is that the lesson taught by him is engaging the minds of some of the most thoughtful statesmen and publicists of the old world the attention of the english farmer discouraged by the agricultural depression around him has been called to the contrast coB between the market gardens of america and the sheep pastures which surround uund many of the great cities of his own country it has been discovered that the american system of landholding is the foundation of popular content and general prosperity and accompanied as it is by great social and civil opportunities surrounded as it is by the free institutions of our land attended as it is by the schoolhouse and the he meetinghouse meeting house and by the constant call to public service which occupies so many it constitutes the foundation on which fest rest great mental activity great d dignity anity of character great enterprise and ambition to the practical work of the agricultural community here widespread wide spread disaster moreover is unknown the local damage of a drought or a flood is not indeed unusual but the extent of the american territory is such the diversity of our soil and climate is so great that the d disasters is asters seem to be circumscribed and accidental while the prosperity is widespread and almost constant with landed possessions which are obliged to bear the burdens of heavy taxation with wages of labor vastly greater than in any of the countries of europe with the personal requirements of the farmer and his family increased by social obligations and the natural demands of a free and responsible people we have been able to compete in the grain markets of the world with those who in some instances are furnished with land free of rent and taxation and whose necessaries of life are so small and whose duties are so few that the former seem intolerable and the latter seem insignificant ant and trivial the skill of the american farmer supplied as he is 18 with the most ingenious and graceful and effective machinery has become an object of admira admiration tinn and imitation well organized home of the american farmer is looked upon as a model the place filled in the community by the american farmer Is considered so important and honorable that other nations inquire how it has been attained the crops of the american farmer are looked upon as so sure that all anxiety with regard to the supply 0 of f food for people less favored has a s passed away hon geo B loring laring in the north Amer american gean review physical training of children it would be a great mistake to apply in the physical training of chil children dreno the same principles as aa those by which gymnastics for adul adult teare sare adapted and as we recognize different grades in the intellect teaching of children corresponding sp with their different ages so the exercises prescribed for them should vary to correspond with wa different degrees of their bodily development de velo ment the chilas gymnastic 6 should hou ld be quite distinct from that which is considered best suited to mature age it should not look to utility but should serve an exclusively clu hygienic end the first object should be to give good carriage to aid the pupils in reaching a full maximum of growth and see that they are developed regularly without deformity and without blemishes all these conditions are within the domain of hygiene A second feature of the exer cne to children the cerebral conditions which result from their being at school they require diversion from the mental work that is put upon them land and such diversion can be obtained only by giving them the pleasure of recreation hence we have the two essential features that should be secured in infant gymnastics the hygienic and the the usual school gymnastics lack much of from the hygienic point of view some of the methods seem to have been chosen rather because they were convenient of application than on account of any hygienic value they are not adapted so much to the requirements of the child as to the accommodations of the school premises methods have been sought by which they could be applied in narrow space and consider able muscular effort called out in a very short time it may be con lenient to collect a elms class of chi children loren once or twice a week and make them perform vigorous movements but it Is is hardly what their hygiene demands to measure out approximately the amount of exercise that ought to be taken in a week and administer it all at once is no more valid than it would be to give food for several days at a single meal the childs exercise should be as carefully allotted to him as his food and excessive fatigue as sedulously avoided as indigestion the form of exercise that cornea comes nearest to natural exercise is playing it is nothing else than a more or less lee methodical regulation of the instinctive motions such as every living ly being is prone to execute spon he feels the stress or the want of exercise it may be called a natural axer exercise cise for we see pee the young of every species of animals playing v ith one another an oiher ino and may even observe their parents fil 10 citing them to play the teaching of plays which we find in all li countries and ages originates we w may suppose in this teno tendency ency of OI 1 the liva living dg be being ng to educate b his Is pro geny physically by exciting him to enjoy himself in motion play in the progress of civilization 11 he haf taken various forms and has beba subjected subjected to methods that tend more and more to introduce into it SO an artificial element hence sport has been developed from plays the exercises called sports are io general simple plays thit that have taken a more methodical form per p a 9 greater display of moscu lar w force exacting more complicated actions and a longer apprentice WP pit Is ia sometimes hard to draw 4 oear clear line between sport and play pencil fencing equitation and canoeing 41 are maxil varieties of sport cricket is as nuch a play for children as an exer of sport in short in the hygiene view sports are half way be tween gymnastics and play and are therefore ere fore more suitable to w children plays give the form of most congenial to the conditions of social life for they are at toe the same time hygienic and rec reat lVe ve and are as well adapted to the ue physical requirements of the eui child as to his moral needs cally y regarded they demand neither very y intense efforts nor localized inus muscular aus cular contractions even the ue most complicated of them call ca out nothing more than combinations of simple SIMPI le move merits bawa and natural attitudes while laati cs necessitate abnormal bi nations in the association of vw the muscles with movements which the ne child having never practiced has to learn laboriously play pre sento ante no difficulties comparable to offered by gymnastics if the child ch and has not become in i same game he will play badly and low ills his part but he will play and wa at least gain the physical advantages vantage of exercise but when he Is dealing with the abnormal mo aona or turns of gymnastics if ile e has not yet learned the way of executing fc aung them or acquired the enack amt which it often takes a long time no to gain he only makes a prel 8 of exercising and his effort is buted to a fruitless uw out the way any effective activity besides y support aport of reason and observe 31 the we method of exercise by play 1119 azle ati i has as the sanction of acquired ww it was the only childrens children at the beginning of this centUrY and even now some nations have e no other settled method of himml exercise the english anve never taken to gymnastic with h apparatus and the belgians after gar it hiving having tried icare abandoning and returning to play no one atil question the excellence of the sulta te of the english method the vigor and endurance of english vr youths are universally recognized L 44 and d th tatti their ir school games constitute iner 5 whole gymnastics irana gor the thea popular oular science month v aam the revue the rho south pole the tal golden age of antarctic dissy overy arrived when captain af berward ward sir james ross was dis ached ed from england in 1840 to fix the ww position of the south magnetic ae and any other position lie he could ilver ver on the way there before could reach the scene of his is g ra other explorers english ani eh 10 and an american were bu busy sy was him of these the first the englishman ballany Bal leny who ng in En derbys ship the eliza discovered in 1839 the islands ich bear his name and which lie Z ain ader under the antarctic circe circle aw due south from new Z zealand eal d ny could not land on the islands but he made sure of their existence and afterward sailing far to |
