Show THE SCIENCE OF government last jast friday evening representative A kenner by invitation of the ot the brigham young college a rf provo delivered a lecture upon the above subject in the spacious lecture r room of that building which was well we 1 filled the exercises opened by a well executed piano solo by a young lady irom from mt pleasant alter after which the lecturer was introduced by professor bic Kendrick of the college who acted Seh chairman airman after a few introductory remarks ivik mr kenner enner came to his subject 19 and spoke as follows mr chairman the rhes science dence of government is is a question which has appealed to the best minds in all ta the je ages of the world even boon before the foundation of society was wholly barbaric some vi when ulan man jorae MOW of supremacy obtained which through the slow moving process ot of the into recognized rule stylized afes crystallized at ame time in the very heyday hey day ot 01 civilization and progress we still find elves 12 not at wholly divested of every nc 0 of the primeval condition for 2 aright is still an abundant factor in the of mankind indeed philosophic aw ally considered it is a question A not might is is not the only Ime tether their or finally A controlling factor in the IWO atis ft is well understood that the power 61 mom is delegated to a few who haw have bow constituted ca rulers governors law jokers ers or sow some e such special distin c faland L and the real power in this dele abat ab negates ates itself in favor of the boen few this hi paradoxical as it may eu constitutes government it is von ran known of al all I 1 men who read and W that no government that tha t exists on 06 earth today could exist for a period of twenty four hours if the actual ruling suhui exerted itself in the opposite A and how bow it is that this power I 1 something of itself to but a sale biting so tely controlled subdued aw is so col completely mple overcome and led by that few is a ques 46 att worthy of consideration take the example of russia with its teeming leming It millions of people hardy bardy capable and enduring if aw at and progressive which i more completely dominated by the et ding po power than any other nation even a semblance of civilization and progress or ogress on the globe and those who 6 control are fewer in number than ase of any similar power in existence I 1 because e there is no representation tor for tee dm masses masow whatever and but little for am claws classes a great white czar constitute ift of the central authority an absolute despot with a few satellites lites obedient to his hb will making up the personnel of the government Covern ment from this handful of men gun emanates all authority in that grand empire and strangely enough instead of realizing how frail would be their tenure should the masses arise in their might and assail them as the masses have been so many times sorely tempted to 40 10 lo th they treat it 0 with slighter concern than 7 if they were entrenched in the hearts of the people and everything that is necessary to the maintenance of government were at their beck and call A more tyrannical despotic un principled unprincipled sway cannot be found and that too in a land where one hundred men rule one hundred million Is this not a subject which incites the profoundest thought Is it not indeed something that statesmen of the day should give more attention to than they have done history is replete with incidents show ing that the elements of fear of super station and of ignorance in too many cases lie at the foundation ot of the sway which is exercised over the people the mention ot of the name of ruler potentate prince president or even a governor among a certain class and it the greater class evokes a sort of reverential regard which in our country is more than otherwise the result or of education and a consideration for duly co constituted ritti authority but in the case of the lands beyond the sea and more particularly in the orient they are principally made up of the elements first spoken of to wit superstition fear and traditional homage the chinese government is by common consent as well as by ane records of the day the oldest of the governments at present exercising dominion it enjoys the peculiar distinction of 0 having forgotten nothing and learned nothing it is claimed that it had newspapers a long while before christ and it doubtless has the same kind of newspapers today it also has the customs prevalent at that time in measurably subdued form while the attire of toe ane people their demeanor their methods and their habits have not changed one iota their emperor is is as they understand it a son of of the sun he is above and beyond the reach of ordinary or even extraordinary mankind to even penetrate the outer wall sur surrounding his palace is a capital crime not only capital but punishable with instant death without trial and yet a small and leaden missile coming from one of our modern fire a arms within range would put an end to his bis career sacred and pro fane as certainly as it would in the case of the meanest loafer that crawls about the streets why is this by reason of the inbred superstition and fear which is because of the emasculated condition of the race in which it prevails the condition prevailing in persia is only different in degree and because of lesser antiquity As a mattey of fact weighed entirely in the scales of intel development and material advancement van cement persia is even behind china both being ruled by those who are superstitiously regarded as being possessed of the divine right to rule and nei their amounts in the intellectual scale to as much as many of our common laborers it was not until the american colonists rebelled against great britain that the first real instance of the people asserting their power as against duly constituted authority and maintaining it by the force of intellectual as well as physical power took place it was a desperate undertaking it required absolute self denial nerves of steel and intellects surcharged with genuine inspiration to carry it through even at that time and in an enlightened progressive nation like great britain the uprising was j looked upon merely as a revolt of the 1 rabble whom those bearing aloft the th royal standard would soon s subdue bd 1 the struggle lasted for eight t years ail and I resulted in the overthrow ot of the established government then began the experiment jor for the first time among civilized enlightened and christian people eople of such people divesting themselves P se I 1 ves of all forms of alleged god given authority in secular governments government and establishing by themselves among the nations of the earth a separate main cenance to which they conceived the laws of nature and of natures god entitled them the results of the experiment are before us we have a strong popular representative government strong in the source of authority which is the people strong where that authority concentrates at the seat of government and yet not oppressive or weak or offensive sive in in any point the laws are so light that we need not realize that there are any laws until we violate them so that with years experience through which we have passed we may say at this time that ours is such a goy govi i as constitutes the beacon light to all the others showing the way out of the wilderness out of barbaric role mlle despotic sway and unprincipled oppression it is not to be inferred from all this tab that every nation under the sun that au alf peoples in existence having a like degree of education intelligence patriotism and determination have reached like hike conditions france for instance is one of the civilized and enlightened nations of the earth but its history even in modem ta times i is replete with epochs going to show that different results with the same object in view have been beed attained to those which awaited the efforts of the me american revolutionist ti in the infancy of this century the con trolling ng power in in that nation was known as th the e tribune and was pres title choice ol of the people for a yata G t 1 naps haps it met with the views and fulfilled the objects of the people peo pie but as in 10 other lands where schools are infrequent where sunday schools are almost uh ua known I 1 and where evangelists whether preaching correct doctrine or not are aft treated rike like outcasts and in some cases like felons there was no restraining power no intellectual pressure dessure environing the triumvirate ans and under such circumstances cum stances it became just as vo an c and much bloodier bloodser blo odier than the rei reign a or aay y C of of the titled absolute monarchs n of history tor y had been and yet the then men who ha composed the governing power were themselves acco m 1 hed mild mannered man 9 experienced and able fable it is recorded of one of them that so sensitive so humanlike human like was he before attaining to power that the spectacle ot of a persons nose bleeding threw him into convulsions how easily he overcame this is is a matter which simply illustrates the adage that to embrace vice wie we only need to become familiar with it ft it was not long before the affairs of state as presented to him required a victim from among the populace and for the welfare of the state he consented to the guillotine being put to use in in order that the state might be preserved it was shown that the ice once broken the rest became easy it was not so much a task to send the second victim to the guillotine jillotine the third required very little ellort effort fourth still less and perchance we might say the fifth none at all this condition grew as any other vice does by what it feeds on until at lasts last really enjoyed the beheading be headings that occurred so frequently and every day a ay and would witness them without the slightest compunction ion of conscience not fiot merely single executions but by the dozen by the score by the hundred occurred until the streets and alleys and sidewalks of paris were red and slippery with human blood and this at a time when the populace were highly incensed against the government ern ment and by a single uprising could have put an end to it which they eventually did similar scenes in in more recent times have occurred in the same iame place ce the latest and perhaps the last las t being the frightful scenes which culminated ns the franco prussian war of 1870 when el crime ran mad and outlawry hela held high carnival the record of the world shows that occasionally occasion occasionally all a revolt which we cannot consider oger otherwise wise than perfectly natural sometimes takes place against constituted authority I 1 say natural not only for the reasons set out but for the additional reason that oppression of the governed by the governing power at times and in places becomes so acute that it is impossible for the oppressed to endure it any longer and it then turns upon the oppressor these revolts are not always nor at any time of necessity the result of a disposition not to be gov arned e nei neither are they the outgrowth of principles ci I 1 in man n I 1 which prompt him at times to look k with disfavor upon on everything which curbs his temper and an checks c ecks his bis disposition don I 1 because use such movements area are oftener than oth otherwise erwis s precipitated b by the brightest and best i intellects in the places where they occur such names as that of bani benjamin in franklin akl ran in who was not above making jokes j resorting to ridicule and 0 often flippancy I 1 ip pan cy in order to accomplish lish the purpose w wrought aught by those who ala have ve mage made them themselves se alves immortal lor ill all time to come by signing the declaration ol of independence inde en dence is is a conspicuous example pe he was surrounded by a little host like unto himself bright and shin shining i amon among whom hom were alexander hamilton H thomas jefferson fe fferson and even the much despised aaron burr buff each and all of these had an inspiration looking toward the obliteration of tyranny upon this soil and the establishment of Us a free popular and representative government while the proposition that each had a different idea as to the means by which this could be consummated is a living fact they all aimed at a common object the overthrow of feudal despotism the setting aside ot of kingly rule the absolute destruction of the doctrine that th there ere is is an any st such thin thing g among the human family as ye the divine right of one person to dominate another to the exclusion of his personal and natural rights this eventuated the greatest government of any by man that the world has ever seen or in the nature of things that it jiin can see necessarily in the course of events and with the power in this government which we have inherited and the divergent opinions of these great men by the very reason of its distributive qualities and the mere fact that the superstructure of the state rests entirely upon the citizens composing the state there must be dissensions and differences all along the line and these differences feren ces and dissensions among us have caused us to organize ourselves separately into parties and combinations and at one time into sections this does show the tendency of mankind to be himself when left to himself that is since no two men are exactly alike in appearance in taste in habits and in characteristics so no two men are likely to see any political cause or realize any national effect in the same line of thought this brings me at once to one of the most magnificent struggles that the world ever witnessed or con contemplated contemplo ted the rebellion of the southern states a against st the ruling power of the nation it w was a s not that the south was desirous of f bre breaking a k in g up the national fabric or setting side aside the federal compact but because they or the majority of them conceived the idea that under the original terms of the federation at any time when aggrieved really or as a matter of belief they had the same right to establish for themselves among the nations of the earth that distinct and separate maintenance cenance to which the laws of nature and of natures god entitled them that those who had wrought our freedom from great britain had that they were mistaken in this is a matter of record because they failed and as in many other cases the rule of might is the only one that can be rec recognized oozed the rightfulness of their cause is is something that even many of those who engaged in the conflict on the losing side now admit did not exist the spectacle of so so young a nation uie the young esi in laci on roc globe being divided against itself contending so fiercely lor for a mere abstraction tao n as many of the other nations regarded ga r ed it as to a system of gove government rement was one that must have been hatchw watched d everywhere with the most intense inter est apart from any personal or financial interest in the outcome there never was in all the history of the world including the triumphs of alexander cen ephon leonidas the napoleons the noted german commanders wellington and all the rest a campaign waged that involved so much of liberty or loss to the human family that was freighted with so much psychical intellectual and governmental consequence to our race as that fratricidal strife it was in the fullest sense a fight in which brother was arrayed against against brother father against son neigh neighbor 0 r a against ainest neighbor master against slave slav e the the principle involved must needs be settled it was a question whether the state was absolute in and of itself or whether the state constituted an integral part 0 of the e federal e e co compact mp a and the indi individual d I 1 was si simply I 1 an en entity ti t y of the |