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Show mrm tits' Monday, January 26, 2004 University Journal r0yyr-oBy THOMAS H. MAUGH n LOS ANGELES TIMES Researchers looking for a simple way to deteimine the sex of papayas have discovered that the plant has a primitive Y chiomosome that scientists believe is similar to the human Y chromosome before hundieds of millions of years of evolution The Y chromosome confers maleness on its beaier The discovery was expected to be valuable to PHOTO COURTESY Y chromosomes were discovered in r Journal Almanac January 2004 ii LlLiO II OF USDA papaya. Page 9 Greek Rush Sigma Chi - Greek Night, 6 30 p m , Living Room papaya groweis. but should also shed light on how the Y chromosome developed and achieved its unusually small size Papayas come in thiee sexes, male, female and hermaphrodite Hermaphrodites pioduce the sw'eetest fruit and are the most productive, females produce good fruit, but are less productive, and males are uncommon and undesirable Unlortunatcly, thcie has been no way to determine a papayas sex fiom its seed Now, when the plants flower at six to 12 months, workeis go thiough fields and remove all but the heimaphrodites Biologist Ray Ming ot the Hawaiian Agricultural Research Center said m the Jan 22 issue of Nature that they quickly found genetic murkeis that would allow seed selection They also found a distinct Y chromosome, which is unusual in plants The ai eaot thechi omosomc where sex determination occurs has few genes, but lots of junk, said Andrew Paltcison of the Univeisity of Geoigia, a member of the team The junk DNA, which basically serves no purpose, accumulates in chromosomes when recombination the exchange of genetic information during sexual is suppiessed icproduction In the papaya Y chiomosome, about 10 percent of the chi omosomc suppi esses recombination, compared with 90 pei cent of the human Y chromosome That indicates the papaya chromosome is at a much eailier stage of evolution, Ming said Forecast HIGH. 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