Show OF FARMERS GROL attendance LARGE INTEREST GREAT AND SCHOOL BEST YET HELD IN THE STATE TUESDAY 2 P M C A member 0 of state board of horticulture for this I 1 district was surprised in being called upon to treat a subject at the school I 1 but was enthused by the attendance and interest manifest mr 1 aided in securing and arranging the utah exhibit at sacramento I 1 at the irrigation congress last year which carided can led away highest honors and made conr our state famous ile he also visited many of the fruit sections of california but found nothing equal to our own utah mr burbank of worldwide world wide fanie as a horticultural authority pronounced exhibit of fruit and especially bally elberta peaches the finest lie he had ever seen in any part of the world we are marketing better than we did of yore the car which Is now the smallest unit or of our peach shipping is far better belter than the case bushel or even the ton but even the car was an and il is far from satisfactory because they are often set out to be re id i d iced and lay over for days especially has this been occurring luring during 1907 in the overwhelming rush of business which companies have been called to carry therefore we must ship extensive enough to charter charier a train and carry our luscious crop sure and swift to our patrons in order to get the highest market price we must work both ends we do 10 not lot desire excessive prices but we are satisfied with nothing less than the highest market price and do not want to be bunched by commission men which we surely are when we market through them it Is unwise to sell the aroi crop b bowdre U i E 1 l ls s T ready e a dy to move because it you sell and the market falls below that figure fl fig gure irre your buyer tails falls to return and you are the I 1 loser if the market advances lie he holds you to your contract and in either case or both cases you are arc th the P loser our fruit should not be thrust u upon lion the market thereby coming into competition with itself a thing we will not overcome entirely until we sell through one head yet very essential to our success tho the height ot of our valleys the great number of clear days and tho the excessive rays of sunshine s and the control of the moisture which our trees receive combine to give utah the highest colored peach grown in the world and let me here say the richer the color the tha more luscious the flavor we prefer the medium size about soa we also prefer medium sized trees they are more likely to continue their growth i than those which have hava grown very rapidly use plenty of 0 water in plant 1 ing but sparingly after that fro fromi m rl the discussions which we have heard I 1 i recently on soil fertility it is doubt ful that we can crop our starting starling or 1 chard with profit it is my firm belief from careful observation that we by proper application of irrigation water can produce a peach with very small pit and corresponding thick flesh it if we succeed in establishing this feature of our peaches we have made a wide stride in further perfecting the peach the pit or the reproducing of the species requires more nutrition than the entire peach aside from the pit for tills this reason thinning should be accomplished before the pit is perfected SOIL FERTILITY prof L A merrill men ill in cache co many dairy cows are bringing their owners SO 80 annually mr barker of weber county secured from one cow last year aside from these results you must return to our bank account mother earth some organic matter or the day will come when your seed will not Prod produce itce because there are no available funds plants like ilke animals give oft off waste or poisonous matter and it if crops are not rotated they poison themselves through their own excreta for this reason frequent changes in rotation are beneficial effel efi cial al these matters of seeming insign i licence are very important remember that small minds have to do with mysteries and large minds deal with common place things WEDNESDAY 10 A 11 AND 2 P it irrigation dr john A widtsoe soe the value of farms resides in the water not in the land hence economy of water is the irrigation lem fit it divides iosef into three main beada heads conservation of til all precipitation I 1 systematic transportation and application the farmer can I 1 ignore agnore none ot of tile the subjects the beginning of wisdom is tho the conservation of moisture the best possible Is the soil and ever though the ground is frozen the downward tendency of water causes much to percolate perc into the soil especially 1 I this true it if the ground has been plowed in the fall experiment has shown that 85 per cent ot of the rain fall from sept to may can be retained and is present in the soil it in t may it favorable conditions have been maintained ned the rain tall fall Is more than ample in this country tor for the production tion of grain it if it la Is censer conserved ed and fall plowing Is the great conservator dry soil resists water hence tall fall irrigation is of great benefit in aiding succeeding precipitations to e enter 11 ter th the ground it the rain fall has bas not been copious early spring irrigation will bs be ben beneficial efi cial during the first months of spring growth the plant secures its fertility and stores it away to be esad throughout the season irrigation is supplementary I 1 not fundamental the fundamental benefit of 0 irrigation is this plants will take much moisture from the soil it if it is present indeed the plant has no gate valve and therefore will continue to lift moisture in excessive quantities this is ot of necessity a loss ot of energy we do not desire our plants to become pumps but producers generally speaking our irrigation water should be made to cover TOo rAju arAll ti with greater profits as moN s cheair while aspea e I 1 sive sir for far light soils light but frequent application of water should be made in id heavier soils infrequent but heavy irrigation should be given uch such irrigation Is the very best method flooding is good but extravagant the furrow system is most economical and perhaps as good as any the furrows should should however be as far from the plants as possible one second t foot of water running 24 hours covers one ens acre to a depth inches cinches added to our annual pr precipitation is is sufficient for fruit Igi glowing owing and 12 inches is ample for lucern ril applying this table to tile the waters wafers ot of dox box elder creek we should irrigate 1800 acres whereas Wh eraas we perhaps irrigate only we are given credit with the most economical distribution ot of water of any people in the state of utah and yet there are many imm mentz which we could and should be malting making our channels and canals canal sare ire in rough condition one farmer asserts a loss of three elevenths from mouth of canyon to place of application applications a very serious waste it correct DR E G BALL insect pests box elder and cache lead tho the world in their percent ot of sound round apples in the orchards where thorough spraying has been carried out dont be afraid to say so at every opportunity boost boost I 1 offered 1 apiece for each and every wormy ripple apple found in these orchards which was wormy in tile the blossom end and it never cost me a single dollar 99 13 1 3 per cent sound apples is the record made in an orchard which a few years ago gave 99 per cent wormy apples in spraying there is absolutely no excuse for killing bees no spraying should or must be performed luring during the bloom but just after it the grass hopper pest can be exterminated as easily ris as lice it is more disgraceful to be infested with those these pests than it is to bo be loaded with lice because they are arc more easily exterminated mina ted any field may bo be treed freed from these ravenous creatures in a very short time by the use of the hopper Mac machine hinc or poisoning with biti mixture of 15 lbs ibs bran 1 lb ib arsenic 3 lbs ibs sugar made into paste and strewn ut upon pon field especially such places as the machine cannot reach THURSDAY MORNING ORNING lI 10 A 11 in the ladies section of the farmers institute prof ii G titus took up the subject of household ins insects acts and their eradication the one which effects carpets rugs curtains etc Is called the beetle it generally eats cats out the wool kovl first one way ot of de Continue don pago page four toura continuation OF FARMERS SCHOOL continued from first page straying ying those in the carpet is to run a lot hot flatiron over brown paper and around the edge of the carpet but a better way is to take the things which are effected out thoroughly clean and sun them the clothes moth IS is a slender worm about a fourth of an in inch long it lays from one to three hundred eggs which hatch in five days and they live from three to twelve weeks the female will not lay her eggs where the fumes of cam some nap thaline balls wrap them in are found hence they are tives but will not destroy the moth it if it is already in the goods so it if clothes are going to be put away during the summer first clean and ex posa them to plenty of sunlight willi some home naph na phalice allne baals wj w wrap j v tIfe news paper it being better than any kind hind of cloth A cedar chest is aper a per feet protector against clothes moths the larder beetle is a pantry insect or Is found where food is kept they seek the dark corners and if we ne barnt our fruits flour and meal in tight boxes as we should should have they will get into them plenty of fresh air and sunlight will destroy them there is a small ant which feeds on sweets a simple way to get rid of them is to place a sponge dipped in sweetened water in their trail it will take some time but is a safe way the cock roches feed on grease seek dark places and anare abare are hard to find can be kept out of a house by perfect cleanliness the place to fight the house fly is around the stables they breed bree in the manures lime sprinkled there will kill the larva A very good way to get flies when they are in tile the house is to place a 4 dish or six teaspoonfuls of in the room there aie many ra kinds of oc Mal logany aay flats or bed bugs which can live a long time without any nourishment but when they shed their skin they the y must have food it is 2 aso necessary that the female has food before she can lay her eggs the best pr etc nta gasoline put in ill all cracks corners or places where they are apt ap to be apply with brush or feather and lard mixed rubbed into 1 ato the hair and scalp with the use of 0 a fine tooth comb will exterminate head bead lice jice THURSDAY 10 A M r hon ho n J A duffin what tho peach h market demands deman s our product Is first class but out our prices have been low why we have been going through first tile the man mail in the orchard second the mar man in the packing house and third the 1 man mail in the car the individuality my of the man makes the business the isolated man is 13 the man irian with one idea and never counts for much visit market loam learn your their wants and exert to furni furnish sli them and go a little farther our fruit should be of one size raze and it if faulty sent back to the packer who put it up A good rule to grade by would be choice choi ce to box fancy 90 extra 80 mr air duffin took a car of albertas El bertas east easi and 26 days elapsed from tho time of picking until the last box boi was vold fold the fruit was in cold storage and brought SO 80 cents per case while the tb eastern fruit was bringing on only ay iy 75 cents per bushel peaches should be picked firm and solid and properly packed honesty and intelligence are the pillars of the business J edward taylor inspector of orchards the st clair valley ot of calt call f forkla 0 ania Is beautiful but unreliable the crops are light and frequently absent box elder county leads every county in the state for efficiency and we must make the most of our favorable environment the present horticultural law is faulty in that the county commissioners appoint tree inspectors and pay their salaries aries while they play may not have any sympathy for nor understanding of the subject california secures much government aid because they have assumed their own individual responsibilities E every very common enemy roust must be fought by individual efforts and the inspectors must have your support utah spends funds for the maintenance of 0 a state board tile the county spends funds for the maintenance of in inspector and we must aid them in efficient work aurbery stock should be ba subjected to severe inspection dox box elder county shipped more sound apples last year than any other county of the state THURSDAY 2 P I 1 it miss aliss hazel love gave a I 1 talk on eggs the most commonly used Is the he hens egg but fish eggs and other fowls cowls eggs are used sometimes at feasts where great delicacies are arc de sired eggs contain a great abai or of pi protzen prot otien len hence can be used instead of leneat meat hard boiled and tried fried eggs digest slowly taking three and a half hours soft boiled bolle deggs eggs will digest in three hours raw haw eggs will digest in ili two hours eggs whipped light will digest in one hour and a half the boiling point is degrees F the lyole yolk of an all egg coagulates at d F the white of an egg coagulates it at IGO d F one method of preserving eggs is to grease them with lard and pack them in flour with the small end down eggs are used in cakes pie filling bookies cookies Ilis biscuits cults dressings puddings custards bustards cus tards salads etc A nice way to boil eggs is to place 3 into a pint of boiling water and stand them at back of range with cover for ten tell minutes salad saiad meat salad is generally made from the light meats chickens veal etc combined with celery or cabbage cabbage placed into cold water for several hours before using makes it much better canned salmon with lettuce or celery iery and boiled dressing makes a nice salad following is the boiled dressing 2 0 eggs or the yolks of 4 eggs beat slightly I 1 U cup of vinegar cup of water 1 teaspoonful each of salt mustard and sugar 2 teaspoonfuls teaspoon of flour mix dry ingredients together and add liquid cook in double boiler until smooth when cool add equal amount of whipped cream potatoes mixed with beets or cucumbers with boiled dressing makes i nna ainer recipes given demonstration of the waldorf or apple salad by y miss bliss love loe all pres ent en t sampled jed the he saine same THURSDAY 2 P st al prof E G titus winter spraying lime sulphur is the only compound of any valus value and the home mixture is superior tor for san jose scale red and tile the twig borer the tree should be coated and it if immediate application is made the pests lose their force in a very short time the spray spraying lili should be most thorough it kills hills absolutely red spider and twig borer san jose scale cannot be killed entirely but can be greatly checked the red spider must be handled in winter SOO have been spent in it fighting san jose scale and every man must winter spray or this pest will get our orchards the twig borer works in twin crouch and fruit one worm has been known to destroy twenty twigs and when the eggs are ara discovered on a twig the best thing to do Is to cut it off and burn it the peach tree borer I 1 deposits its eggs from hay alay to july the flat headed borer goes deep into the tree winter spraying retards regards the bloom about 10 days but does not delay the harvest for green aphis spray when the leaves are just opening on the apple and a little cateron later on prunes spiders are not poisonous but beneficial FRIDAY 10 A al john T caine value of the dairy cow mr darker barked 0 of pleasant view weber county utah nets per cent from his herd of aws cows mr lr eldredge of salt lake supports 3 families where one tailed failed from ga |