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Show DESERET NEWS, WEDNESDAY, Do plans .v ignore vast I 4 V j. - 'o. N1 4 a Vv V -- s V. w'vx s H V -- Sv.vw. 5 - v i,v .'.S' ' pipeline system? : tesv. a n '' 'TT - JUtteX I! w vi- , ' . ' If1 V. & " WASHINGTON Having written about repression in South Korea, we have sought to put the story in perspective by investigating conditions in North Korea By all accounts it is ruled by one of the crudest regimes m the world. By George Moneyhun Christian Science Monitor News Service NEW YORK WHITTEN N. Korea: ii irs 1984 in spades' w .jr n LES 5X0. V. I A3 - WITH s'" 6. 1977 RflDcRSOn UXl V. I u JULY As the first oil wends its way through the Alaska pipeline, a much for natural gas bigger pipeline system remains considerably underused while vast pockets of gas go untapped. So says Engene II. Luntey, president of Brooklyn Union Gas, one of the nations biggest utility companies, serving some 4 million persons. Federal energy officials say he may be right about the underused pipelines but that it is too soon to tell about the untapped gas. Luntey argues that some 350,000 miles of natural gas pipelines and another 850, ono miles of distribution mains tied to 40 million homes and factories across the United States are half empty and underused. The Carter administration and Congress are hammering out details of a national energy policy designed to reduce fuel shortages and Umted States reliance on imported oil. But Luntey complains Washington is focusing too much effort on solar, nuclear, and electric energy and is ignoring the vast network of natural gas pipelines already crisscrossing the nation. That system, he argues, could meet much of the countrys energy needs for decades to come. Although we think of natural gas as running out, methane (natural gas is predominantly methane) is one of earths most abundant resources, Luntey said in an interview. There is an untold volume of methane not yet discovered, and plenty of fields in the United States still unexplored, he stresses. The vast pipeline network was con- high-pressu- Western analysts dont have a full picture of what goes on above the 38th parallel, except that it is one of the most isolated societies on earth. The border is tightly controlled. The few details that have leaked out provide a dim outline of a highly authoritarian government and a brutally regimented society. In the words of one American analyst: It is in spades. 1984 Every aspect of North Korean life is controlled. The day is literally divided into segments: Eight hours are spent on work; eight hours are spent on study and mass organization; eight hours are given to eating, sleeping and other necessities. The degree of party membership is greater in North Korea than in any other Communist country. The Communist Party is supplemented by mass organizations for every element of society youth, women, labor. There is tremendous psychological pressure upon everyone to join, to conform, to participate, to show a positive attitude. Even children of 5 and 6 are regimented into organizations, where they are taught to run wooden bayonets through the U.S. imperialists. All property in North Korea belongs to the state. People are permitted to work garden plots, for example. But they dont own them; they are merely on loan. Food and clothing are rationed; travel is restricted. When North Koreans leave their home districts, for whatever reason, they must carry their travel permits and ration cards. The few who travel abroad are thoroughly screened beforehand. While in another country, they are required to remain virtually to themselves. They avoid all contact with foreigners, remain in their hotel rooms, visit no restaurants, attend no movies, stroll in no parks. Of course. North Koreans have no freedom of expression. The common man is convinced, not without reason, that someone is watching him at all times. There is no free press; religion has heen outlawed. A former Christian mission complex in Pyongyang, for instance, has been converted into Kim II Sung University. WEST POINT STORY Several West Point cadets were caught last year cheating on their exams, a violation of the honor system. Now. the board that oversees the military academy has had its own honor questioned. The Military Academy Board of Visitors is supposed to keep s atom watch over West Point. But one of the appointees, Rep. Thomas Downey, has accused his fellow visitors of improprieties as bad as anything the cadets did. In a private letter to President Carter,- - the congressman has complained about the honor violations of the overseers. Under the West Point code, a cadet is supposed to turn in any offenders Downey, therefore, felt he could do no less at the board level. Heres his litany of complaints: The board drafted a report full of he charged. It inaccuracies and omissions, contained no mention, for example, of some substantive discussions. Questions were asked about the honor system, women cadets and the faculty. he comNone of this important information, plained, is detailed in the report. The law requires that detailed minutes njust be kept of board meetings, he contended. Yet there was no transcript of the April meeting. --The unrecorded minutes, he charged, would ave documented the lack of board procedures. C The board commended instead of condensed the outgoing superintendent, Lt. Gen. Sidneys B. Berry, who was responsible for the cheating fiasco Complained an outraged Downey: I felt that dipping the West Point cheating scandal, Lt. Gen. Berry Jost control of his command in the classic military sense, to the detriment of the academy. The miliiary academy may also be oiCan academic decline. The class of 1980 has lower mean scores than do their counterparts at the Naval and Air Force academies, the college Doard figures sigjw Meanwhile, a Pentagon team is conducting an exhaustive investigation of West Point. Milrtary sources expect it to be highly critical of the academy and to recommend sweeping changes. It te structed over the past 20 years to transport gas from Louisiana and Texas to other parts of ihe nation. Luntey sees large potential supplies of methane being uncovered in the Northeast and in Atlantic offshore drilling sites which could then be fed into the pipeline for nationwide distribution. Federal energy officials theres still a lot of natural gas concede out there but say the big question is how much, and how much will it cost to get it? Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) officials agree, however, that most of their research is devoted to nuclear and solar energy, and its probably true that no big effort is being made on natural gas. However, Phillip Keif, ERDA spokesman, notes that methods of coal gasification (making synthetic gas from coal) are being explored, and so is the possibility of making methane from garbage and plant life Federal Energy Administration officials deny that natural gas is being ignored and point out that the national energy program currently before Congress includes two important provisions relating to natural gas development. One would allow ERDA to assess recently discovered off the pressurized geothermal zones coasts of Louisiana and Texas, which , experts say could provide virtually unli- mited supplies of inexpensive energy, enough to meet current demands for up to 500 years. These geothermal zones include a form of methane created under pressure in reservoirs of hot salt water deep within the earth. The big task is to develop technology capable of extricating the methane and separating it from the hot. pressurized water A second provision in the National Energy Act would develop means of shale deposits in tapping Appalachia, which could also be a major source of methane. Theres a lot of things we dont know yet, but we do have a program to find out, Keif of ERDA says. Maybe we should be doing more. A major bone of contention between the Carter administration and the natural gas industry, which feels it is overshadowed by the larger oil and nuclear power industries, revolves around deregulating the price of atural gas. Natural gas producers argue that deregulation would allow prices to rise to market level and would serve as an incentive for companies to seek out further supply sources They also argue that current price ceilings increase the costs of transproting gas and thus are to blame for the y and underutilized pipelines across the U.S. The Carter administration that consumers and the U.S. cannot bear deregulation now; the administration supports a phased deregulation of prices into the 1980s. hard-to-get-- half-empt- (c) 1977, Christian Science PuNIshlng Society - m Test house to tap Texas sun for energy By Cele Berkman Christian Science Monitor News Service DALLAS El Sol de Texas, the coveted sunlight sometimes maligned on a searing July day, is now having its energy tapped for a home heating and cooling research project in Dallas. Starting in April 1978, two families who can afford houses in the $75,000 to $90,000 range will occupy two identically-constructe- d test homes with duplicated thermal energy requirements in the New Town Creek development. One home d will have General Electrics heat pump and domestic water heater system, the other will have rooms and household water heating and summer cooling provided by conventional equipment. For five years the cost differences monitored by electric meters will be tracked by the Dallas Power and Light Company from data processed by Southern Methodist Universitys Institute of Technology, supervised by sular i tscareher, Prof. Harold Blum. Studies will include the amount of solar radiation, temperatures atd systained with the solar collecof the tem, efficiency tors, and energy saved by utilization of solar radiation. Data will become' available to interested homeowners within two years. Whether or not the results prove the $12,000 solar assistance economi eally and practically feasible, esthetic doubts about the uglies of solar collectors atop a house have been of appeased by the artful placing the collectors as designed by Michael Miller and architect Louis Thomas, and built by Oxford Building Systems, Inc. space-and-wat- equipment, appliances and lighting. t. test houses In the only the sliding doors are double-glazeto keep costs down. The $2,000 to $3,000 efficiency-techniqu- e added costs should afford an estimated savings of $300 a year. The solar system, which can be installed in new or existing houses of today's standard construction, is expected to provide 30 percent of room heating needs and about 65 percent of domestic water heating. With temperatures below 45 degrees, the standard GE Weathertron heat pump will be utilized. Heat from the solar panels will be n water storstored in a age tank additionally equipped with a modest-size- d electric immersion heater as back-uSimplified, heres how it works: ethylene glycol solution (antifreeze) circulates through the panels to carry solar heat into the house and n to the solar thermal water storage tank, its contents maintained by the sun at a temperature of 200 degrees F. Both the heating system and domestic water heating tank will draw their heat from the central solar energy water storage tank. At less than 50 degrees, the heat pump becomes the primary space heating source, with solar assistance. A solar system tank preheats domestic water before it reaches the heater. Should the water temperature within drop below 140 degrees F., the electric heating element will laise it. Heat pumps are twice as efficient as electrical resistance heating and four to sue times more energy efficent than gas furnaces," says DP&L's Charles Carter. The pump, tucked behind the house like an air conditioner, works like an air conditioner or refrigerator in reverse, drawing warmth inside even from 2,300-sq.-f- , er 1,200-gallo- solar-assiste- p. 1,200-gallo- solar-assiste- Vv Af.Wiiwiiiv). ar panels on I 5",- under average living conditions conducted in the United Stares, ten 3x8-fotrim solat collectors (utilizing Lexan unbreakable plastic lens) on the houses pitched roof face a small courtyard at the back of the structure. (One panel is required for every 240 square feet of floor space a iai MTlirn tit! w the far side of the roof fit unobtrusively onto Texas house. For the first such comparison in - wi graft average-siz- e home.) Except for a slight elevation, pedestrians and motorists passing the front of the house would hardly be aware of the solar installation Charles Carter, DP&Ls supervisor of research projects, says solar panels must be on the south side for maximum sun absorption, but may be installed even on a patio cover. d test houses, the and the "control, have a running start of energy efficiency such as Dallas Power & Lights label houses. These houses incorporate features to cut gas and electricity use by about 20 percent in new or remodeled houses: more insulation in ceilings, walls and doors; and floors; weather-strippeheating and cooling Both solar-assiste- d y hot-wat- er cold Middle class hit hard by college costs Editorial Research Reports of Getting admitted to the college difficult is usually choice ones to pay enough, but finding the money other for tuition, room, board and chalexpenses is an even greater lenge for most students According to the College Entrance Examination Board, college costs 4 will rise by an average of percent The in the 1977 78 academic year. annual tuition fee at a number of now approaching private colleges is $5,000 Graduate education can be even more expensive. For example, in WashingGeorgetown University 28 that it ton D C , announced Feb. freshman its for tuition was raising 83 per- medical school students by 7 cent, to $12,500 a year Upperclassmen also will be required to pay substantially more. College costs are rising at a time when the economic value of an undergraduate degree is declining and unemployment among college graduates is on the increase. Partly as a result, total college enrollment fell by almost 1 percent last fall, the first such decrease since 1951 The decrease that year was attributable to the graduation of the last wave of World War II veterans and to the fact that the incoming freshman class had been bom m the early 1930s, when birth rates were abnormally low The cost of higher education weighs most heavily on middle-clas- s families, especially those with two I V or more children who want to go to college. Money is no problem for the wealthy few. and students from e families often are able io obtain full scholarships on the basis of financial need. But families whose annual income is $20,000 or more find aid hard to come by Recognizing the problem, some colleges have instituted loan prostudents grams to help nvddle-clas- s pav their way. Harvard last year began a program for families with incomes ranging from $15,000 to $80,000 a year. Eligible parents can borrow up to $4,0(K) a year and take up to eight years to repay Yales tuition postponement" plan represents a different approach. This "learn now, pay later first suggested bv arrangement, r economist Milton Friedman in l!t.T5. student loan amounts to a long-terprogram. At the end of the senior year, the student borrower decides whether to deter repayment If so, he or she is obligated uiwin graduas tion to begin paying Yale of percent of his or her yearly taxable income for each $1,000 borrowed The obligation lasts until participants who left college the same year have either repaid their loans or until 35 years have elapsed The Harvard and Yale programs, and others like them, are designed to combat what Dartmouth College President John Kemeny calls the admit-denproblem That is, colleges admit qualified students but deny them the financial aid they req re. four-tenth- 1 y air Escalating enthusiasm for them has returned 700 employes to GEs pump production plant in Tyler, Texas According to William B. Frogue, vice president of GEs Southwestern region, "The wedding of the solar collector with the heat pump, while not commercially available now, has real poten- tial Answers will come as two families, their differences in BTU use accounted for, go about their daily households, washing dishes, doing laundry, cooking, and staying warm or cool, the solar family undisturbed by the test system tucked neatly away in the garage. Information from Revere Copper Company states Dallas has better than average solar radiation, equal to Florida, but not as good as Arizona and some areas of west Texas (C) 177 ChmMn i $oc Pobliihtnq Snooty (C) 1977, United Feature Syndicate, Inc 1 PunclVs bite bit too sharp?; v $. "Punch weekly, whichas been making Britons laugh since 1841, is lb a predicament concerning President Carters motliier The magazine was hauled before a watchdog committee to answer an accusation of unethical conduct for running a series of spoof letters purportedly written by Miz Lillian the work of deputy editor Alan The letters Coren chronicle the doings of the Carter family and a related gallery of fantastic characters, such aspire popularly believed by English writers to live in the American South Among them. Uncle Stinkweed Carter, Cousin Nehemiah Honest Carter, Atintie Outpump Carter, Great Auntie Eulalia Moonshine Carter, Uncle Snob Carter III, Private Chickenhaid Carter, and many more. The letters so upset one reader, Alison Oliver of Edinburgh, that she complained to the Press Council that Punch had gone too far. Miss Oliver said the letters were unethical because they were not written by the person under whose name they appear, as well as being distasteful, scurrilous, vicious, unfair attacks on an elderly lady' 'Ond calculated to hurt, annoy and antagonize the President of the United States and every American. Coren, who wrote an earlier series of spoof bulletins of Ugandan President Idi Amin, said he has had fan letters from American readers for the Miz Lillian series, and he would defend his work at the meeting of the Tres Council complaints committor. LONDON (AP) |