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Show u How Satellites Keep Polaris Subs On System Also Benefits Airlines, Oil Drillers The skipper of a Polaris submarine takes his ship to within a few feet of thea surface. A buggywhip antenna pokes its tip out of the water. A computer in the sub silently begins to swallow data fed into it through the antenna. A few minutes later, the computer transmits directions to the inertial navigation system, the electronic genius that tells the skipper where the ship has been and where its heading. In those few minutes, a navy naviga-- . tion satellite has given the submarine a radio navigational fix, locating its position to within less than a tenth of a mile. m Thats a hundred times as accurate as hie skipper could expect if he surfaced and tried to pinpoint his position by the stars IF he could see the stars. The procedure is routine, and has "been, .for two years since the satellite navigation system went into operation. When the system Is in general. commercial use, it will cut your waiting time' for a (light to Paris. It will reduce operating expenses of ships and aircraft. It will help oil companies locate new fields, and mapmakers survey whole continents. It will pinpoint military targets. Columbia University! research vessel Verna, a three masted schooner, has been using equipment to rereive signals from the satellite since last September. The equipment currently aboard the Verna is aboilt as bulky and heavy (300 pounds) as that used by the Navy. Navigators are looking forward to a new receiver-recorde- r unit that weighs only 40 pounds and is compact enough to be carried on a mans back. Such a unit would make the naviga- - bon satellites available for a wide range of civilian and military uses, Including locating military targets and surveying over great distances. Conventional survey methods are expensive, requiring large numbers of men and amounts of time. With a receiver - recorder, a surveyor could walk into a remote region and determine his position within 20 feet. Development of the navigational satellite actually began when Russia launched Sputnik 1 Oct. 4,1957. Soon afterward two physicists at the John Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) near Dr. W. H. Guier and Dr. Washington G. C. Weiffenbach set up equipment to track the radio signals from the first satback-packe- d ellite. They noticed that the frequency of the incoming radio signals changed as the Sputnik approached and passed, and that the change was different for each orbit. This is the Doppler effect, the physical fact of life that makes a train whistle sound higher pitched as it comes toward you, and lower when it is going away. What interested Guier and Weiffenbach was the discovery that by carefully measuring the changes in the radio frequency from Sputnik, they could plat a curve and figure the orbit. By listening to it for a, little while they could tell where it was and where it would be the next time around. Another APL scientist, Dr. F. T. McClure, reasoned that if a man could calculate where a satellite is by listening to it, the process should be reversible. By measuring the Doppler effect, a navigator should be able to locate himself. With only minor exceptions, the navigation system has developed as it was 'Hating People?' It's Only A Silly Game I was introduced to one by an English writer Gay Elms, who lives in Rome; He claims the game was invented fay Graham Greene at a sidewalk cafe on the Via Veneto. Ita called hating people. Elms explained the idea of the game to me. You play it In any public place a sidewalk cafe, a railroad station, a train or at an air terminal, waiting for a plane. You select one person from a crowd, someone you dont know, and you start to hate him. r I said. All Well play rig ht. a game that man over there? Leta hate him." Elms pointed at a young man sitting several tables down, reading a newspaper. Look at him, Elms said. "The doesn't read jerk. but the sports pages." He looks pretty innocent to me." He any-thini- g Hah! said Elms. Hes a miserable wretch. Look at the way hes ogling the women. Hes probably a sex maniac. I'll bet the police would like to get their hands on him. He does look like a bad sort, I said. Elms said furiously. sort? He's a filthy rotter. Look at him scratch his ear. He hasnt taken a batlr Bad in weeks. As I was studying him. an old lady carpe up to the table and joined the man. He kissed her on both cheeks. There! No, Elms. said Hes a game. Thats his gigolo. I said. It looks more like shes his mother. Maybe so, he grunted, but its typical of him. He makes his mother meet him on the Via Veneto instead of going to her. house. Hes too important to visit her. She has to visit him. . I started getting angry, too. A man more respect for his should have mother. i She Did you notice?" Elms said. probably walked up from the bottom of the Spanish Steps, but do you think he cares?" A Utahns, just getting used to daylight saving time for the first time since World War II, have another unsettling possibility facing them adjustment of the calendar by the federal government to increase the number weekof three-da-y ends. The scheme has long been a dream of those who have to work the on Friday Mr. White after Thanksgiving or, this year, the third of July, which fell on a Monday. The big push for a change, however, comes now from manufacturers who see costs jump as machinery is started up for one day then closed down for a midweek holiday. Now only Labor Day falls on a Monday, with the .other holidays, at the mercy of the shifting calendar. the United States Chamber of Commerce behind it, the idea was introduced in the Senate by. Sen. George It has now attracted Smathers, With now. Do you see supercilious man stopped by at the table to say nine other sjxinsors, including Sen. Everchairman of ett McKinley Dirksen, on Federal the Senate Subcommittee Charters, Holidays and Celebrations. ., The plan would drop George Washington's Birthday as a holiday, substituting Presidents Day to fall on the third Monday in February. Memorial Day would shift from May 30 to the last Monday In May. Independence Day, traditionally July 4, would be observed on the first Monday in July, and Veterans Day, now the anniversary of the World War I Armistice, would fall on the fourth Monday in October. Perhaps the most controversial proposed change involves Thanksgiving, which would be moved from the fourth Thursday in November where Franklin Roosevelt put it to the fourth Monday in November. Schoolteachers and students weekend of that who made a four-daholiday are already objecting, along with traditionalists who see no reason to observe the Fourth of July on any other day. The Monday holidays got a big boost recently from the U.S. Civil Service y . By HAROLD LUNDSTROM Deseret New's Music Editor Whats MUSICAL WHIRL with transcriptions? Once one of the most popular and widely practiced of compositional diversions, the t r anscription is now frowned upon and avoided as if , it were some kind of mortal sin. To an extent, of it still course, depends on who on the does it person who makes the transcription and on the person who performs it But by and large, both the making and the playing of any kind of transcription have come to be considered one of the worst forms of lowbrow indulgence, a vulgarity so heinous that its practionere are wrong virtually banned from respectable musi- cal society. transcription, in popular parlance, arrangement. It means simply the rewriting of a composition (or performance in a form different than that originally intended by the composer. Generally, it implies the transference of the music to another instrument or group of instruments, as the transcribing of Bach's organ music for performance on the piano or by an orchestra. A transcription can be simple or elaborate, faithful to or departing widely A is an from the original conception, and it can assume an inexhaustible variety of shapes and forms, depending on the transcribers intention, taste, or ingenuity. Handel was a notorious borrower from himself and other composers. His own music shows up in many different versions, and if the time were the present, he could be tried for plagiarism for the d way he appropriated other composers music. Bach was also guilty on both counts. As a single example: He used the brilliant Preludio to the E Major Partita for Violin alone as an introduction to two different church cantatas, and it was quite some time before it was discovered that several concertos ascribed to him were really his transcriptions of concertos by Vivaldi. Beethoven was not adverse to arranging his violin concerto for piano and orchestra a lapse of judgment that would be historical if another party had perpetrated it. And he willingly arranged several of his chamber music compositions for different combinations of instruments. high-hande- Brahms was similarly flexible in certain examples. Both the orchestral variations on a Theme by Haydn and the Piano Quintet exist in versions for two pianos, and he made'piano arrangements Commission, which expressed tlie Johnson Administration' policy on such mat- ters. Civil Service Commission Chairman John Macy had reported opposition to the Smathers bill out of a fear that the 50 states might not go along with it, creating confusion where post offices and ofher federal offices closed for one holiday and local offices for another. This is already something of a problem on itate holidays such as Utah's Pioneer Day and the Confederate Memorial Day, Jefferson Davis Birthday, and Robert E. Lee's Birthday in the South, plus Alamo Day in Texas and more than a score of regional or local holidays. But Chairman Macy has reported recently that a groundswell of support for the Monday closing bill has appeared. Macy wrote to Rep. Sam Stratton, who has introduced a similar bill in the House, saying that the Commission had changed its mind. Macy said he thought that the states and industry would probably follow the federal lead the U.S. cannot force a new holiday calendar anywhere except in the District of Columbia and on federal offices and ., Franz Liszt was the past master of the piano transcriptions, and his voluminous productions ranged from operatic fantasias to arrangements of Beethovens Symphonic symphonies and Berlioz all of which constantly Fantastique appeared on his programs. It is fashionable now to sneer at his operatic transcriptions. But were they really so awful? In his two volumes of piano arrangements of Schubers songs, Liszt raised thp transcriptions to the level of a creative artist. All pianists used to play them unashamedly, but where is a pianist now who even knows them or would have the conTage to play one in public? Yet we own a pi iceless old record on which Josef Hoftnann plays Der Erlko-ni- g so pectacularlv that no singer and pianist we have ever heard have delineated so vividly the narrative content of the song. The words are unnecessary: between Liszt and Hofmann there is no mistaking every tune and twist of the chilling drama. by Brickman NOW -- PoHT6ocoMitf5 BAcKRZofiA COU.B&& With' A ideas lot of . No, I said, boiling. I have a good mind to go over and poke him in the - i. ' 9-- ... v - y fcvndtcf Inc big union himself cal Association. ' V' a....-e. . , - . tlie American Medi- He was there for tile fun of it. but was kept busy painting scratches, cuts, soothing bumped noggins, fighting heat and giving advice to the guys who insisted on showing off their baseball prowess. rash, Why is it that the fattest guys the foremen are the frustrated big leaguers. Their batting average is below their age hv .55 years, and they have to form a relay team to get the ball from third to first base. The doc is invited lo the party held oh a holiday, but you know who would scream tlie loudest if he billed them for his services . . . even at straight time . . . no time and half. The union secretary was there.- - She was having a time and a half. But I lack to tlie doctor. We got to talking about children. I did most of the listening, which is a bit of news itself. There were millions of kids there at the picnic. That is how we got talking about them. There were all shapes, all ages and in all kinds of dress. They had one thing in comdirt. mon They looked like a run on the soil bank! The difference between the average child and the 9ar is bright child easy (o detect, the doctor was telling me. If a child strings words together and can cany on a conversation around the age of two. it means he is above average," tlie doc said. " Reaction to tlie idea in tlie I'tali congressional delegation now is cautious. is Only Sen. Wallace F. Bennett. at all favorable, and although he has answered letters from some constituents saying he expected to vote for the Smathers bill, he indicated to me that he would rather see Rep Stratton's version adopted. - , I thought it meant lie would grow up to be a politician. . The doctor also said that if a Child is bright and adept with his hands he will soon learn to use a hammer, and if he Is mechanically inclined, he will lika to play with mechanical gadgets. Sen. Frank E. Moss, Laurence J. Burton, Rep. and Rep. Sherman R. Lloyd, said last week they had no enthusiasm for the idea, and had little indication of opinion from Utah. What mail has come in here seems to be chiefly from Chamber of Commerce officials, stimulated by National Chamber publicity. Traditionalists seem opposed to tinkering with the calendar, though little sanctity attaches to Memorial Day or Veterans Day, but moving Thanksgiving, and to a lesser degree, the Fourth of July and Washington's Birthday, seem unlikely now. , One of our kids must have been in tlie genius level. We still have the broken vases and ceramics to prove it. He liked to play with the alarm clock, too. Smacked it with the hammer! "If a child is artistic, his scribblings will have some shape or form, the good doctor stated. This same youngster I was talking about could have been real Rembrandt. He really scribbled some fancy work on the dining room wall with that hammer. Another sign of a bright child is the ' number and variety of his interests. A, said gifted youngster has many sides, i How To Take the dnc. I don't know linw many sides the kid had. hut he was never on mine! Tlie old sawbones said that all young- Mors ask questions, but the more they ask and the harder their questions are to answer, the brighter the child i.s apt to be. I never could answer any of our kids ' questions, but I'm not sure whether it reflects genius on their part or something on my part. The doctor said when the youngster has a sense of numbers at an early age, it is another indication of brightness. Well, I know your kids are like mine meant ' they knew what "allowance before they could say mama. I just wanted you to know what little geniuses you packed a lunch for this morning and sent off to school ! . Off Pounds By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, M.D. Dear Dr. Molner: I carefully count carbohydrates (rather than calories) and know exactly how much I am eating. I do not 'nibble between meals or while preparing means. I am 30. I suffer from hypoglycemia has me on a sugar diet. doctor high-protei- so tlie no- Still I cannot lose weigh tas most people do by keeping the carbohydrate count to 60. 1 lose slowly at 20 to 25, but gain a pound a day at 70. I even exercise 15 to 20 minutes a dav and walk a mile or more daily. Is there Mrs. J S.N. any hope for me? ANSWER: You are correct m restricting carbohydrate to control the hypoglycemia (a diet emphasizing protein is proper for this). But you may be neglecting a couple of very important points so far as reducing is concerned. You may know how much carbohydrate you are eating, but that doesnt mean that you know how much you are eating in total food intake. And if you can't lose weight, you aie either eating more than you need or exercising too little. You do not mention your fat intake yet fat produces twice as many calories as either carbohydrate or protein. Prime sources of fat, besides the fat in meat, are whole milk, cream, salad dressing, peanut butter and shortening materials. Considerable fat can be hidden in meat quite aside from the visible layers of fat, so meat should ,be as lean as possible : and not cooked by frying. You need some carbohydrate for proper nutrition, but you can obtain this front fruits and vegetables. Some also i.s derived from' meat, since protein from tins' source is slowly converted lo carbohydrate. . - - Finally; your last paragiaph may lie., very significant. Walking a- - mde a day and exercising 15 or 20 minutes isn't what I would call a very strenuous ' 30. pi ogram for a young w oman of tiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMimiiiinniiiiiiiiimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'iimii BIG TALK ' - T ' V' r H ' " think those -- maxi-traffi- c font phrtfw lAkeri Pf'rft NpwV toy jMDUlAr " are a hazard!" mini-skir- t iO"H dAtly ts V Mt NtNy Brfh(J fnr Hit oiiiiiliiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiimtnimiiiitmiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiimiiiit i a 7 V 5 ' I i. -- Elms suddenly relaxed and seemed fo ic interest in the whole thing,' H? said me quietly, Forget It. Ita only a HARRY JONES got invited to one of the latger labor group's Labor Day picnics yesterday, and got to talking to the company physician. He was united because the union members at this certain plant liked him, and not because he belongs to a pretty YOUR HEALTH of pieces by Bach, Weber; Chopin, and Gluck. The great Bra of the transcription was during the 19th Century, ascendancy of glittering virtuosity for its own sake. The fame of such pianists as Herz, Thalberg, and Gottschalk rested not so much on their own compositions or on their interpretations of other composers music as on their playing of flashy transcriptions of favorite operatic melodies. the small society inviting the fellow to sit down. Can you imagine introducing your moth-,'e- r to a type like that? ' By the Commission now has no objection to the bill. Stratton's bill, incidentally, would not tamper with Thanksgiving and would put Veteran's Day on the second Monday in November rather than tlie fourth in Octo-be- What's Wrong With Transcriptions? Hes v Is A Genius e Rims became furious. He doesnt evetr bother to introduce him to his mother. Hes ashamed of her, After all she did for him! I said. , If Junior - hello.. . How To Tell t trans-oceam- OUR MAN IN WASHINGTON 5, 1967 OUR MAN JONES or oceanographer usually wants to know vhere he has been. You can find where ou were with about half the error of tindmg where you are " To (fetermine where he is now, a navigator must use satellite positions that were predicted some time ago. To know where he has been, the surveyor or can use a position that i oceanographer (was determined from the data for that time. , ) Today it would be merely a convenc ience for flights. A few vears from now. when supersonic airlm-- ! ers are operating, it may be a necessity, simply to save fuel, which the cs will consume- - in tremendous quantities during the hour and a half it will take them to cross the Atlantic.Even with ships this is an important consideration. Oceanographers who have experimented with the satellite navigation system told Kershner the shipboard equipment would pay for itself in a year. Oil companies, exploring for deposits, are interested in the satellite system for use where there are no shore-baseradio navigation systems to pinpoint a deposit. Development of ocean mineral and Here's how navigational satellite system works. Tracking stations,, food resources make it increasingly important to map the ocean floor and surleft; measures satellite's motion across sky'. Adjoining computing cenface at least as accurately as we are ter calculates its future course. Signals from computer are transmitmapping the land. The satellite is not ted back to satellite from injection station (center). This navigational only the cheapest and most reliable way it s virtually the only practito do this data is received by a ship (right), which uses its own computers to cal way. determine its exact' position at the moment.. . And finally, getting back to theolar-js- : the deadly rocket are only as accuas the navigation behind them. The rate its and time 1959. in tells Four tracking stations It planned in digital code, the Inertia! Navigation System that Ship's location. in Maine, Minnesota, California and the submarine on course and the keeps, Hawaii measure the Doppler effect Shipboard receiving equipment measmissiles programmed on their targets is from each satellite. The measurements ures the Doppler effect and records it. highly accurate, but it's still likely to are sent to a computer station at Point All this information then goes to a digital drift as time goes by. Mugu, Calif., where they are boiled down which calculates the latitude The navigation satellite has only to computer into a prediction of precisely where the and longitude of the ship. With four satelbeep at it for a short time and the drift satellite will be in the next 16 hours. lites in orbit, a ship at the equator can is washed out. The missiles that U.S. get a fix about every 2 hours. The higher relies on to prevent World War This information is fed into the elecstrategy more often the in the latitude, goes aimed ship are III of again at their targets. the satellite itself, tronic innards a satellite will be within range. feel that if the satellites The and at stations Navy Mugu injection through of APL Newton R. Robert Dr. on As else, did satellite The Minn. theyd still be worth nothing goes Minneapolis, The airplane navigator more than they cost. points out: its way around the world, keeping the InCaur right WISS wants to know where he is. The surveyor formation to anybody equipped to listen. By GORDON ELIOT WHITE Deseret News Washington Correspondent Traveling ran become very boring, nnlesa you invent some games to pass the time. I dont understand, target A 13 'Tuesday, September Shifted? Be The Should Holidays S' ART BUCHWALD - DESERET' NEWS -- |