| Show aali 7 i 1 f fl t tn to CULTURE f i TI m Aitt blut 4 flo flu lt if JT N i i 1 1 A f III lil second by layers the propagation of the mulberry by layers is generally used in italy but hut sparingly in france nevertheless sueh such ire are the advantages to be derived by that process that I 1 earnestly advise the friends of the great silk cause to introduce it practically into our territory among those advantages yan Tan I 1 will mention that of perpetuating petua ting the best varieties and for obtaining trees ot 0 which the Iden identical tica il organization will insure them healt health li and strength and a rapid growth 1 to obtain mulberries by layers you must cut the trees only a few ini inched caeg ground and when they ari sri strong enough to reed feed a dozen of 0 fino fine shoots cut in the fall an dafter bd the t los 1089 of thein their leaves all those shoots so that you shall have fouron forror ove ave buds to every one then heap upon f their heads earth enough ll 11 coyer them fully one foot at least the earth thus accumulated must be friable and kept with sufficient moisture next spring you will vill see all the buds left on the shoots peeping out from that heap of earth and every one of those buds will become co m e a mulberry ready to be planted in lu the nursery in the following year perfectly roots and able after being separate d from fl roni its parent by itself to perform the separation of the layers you must pull down clown the hill with much care in order to preserve as many roots as possible then sever seyer your layers from the tho main maln brau bran brauch ehin ebin in cutting this between two sprigs when you shall plant those young trees hi in the nursery you linus leave from the main mala branch bralich the only portion bri bli of wood which sticks proximately to the young tree there are various other modes for getting layers from the mulberry here is one which can supply a larger quantity of them but less vigorous than by the process above described instead of cutting the shoots of the tree designed to supply the layers lay them horizontally zon tally anthe on the ground and keep them down with some gome iome hooks then eoven coven cover the lafa branches with a light coltof earth ind and increase its height in proportion as the spreading caused by the laid branches will rise and yet you must not raise therill the hill beyond four or oz five e inches deep that taht process will give 1 alfay young oung y trees but they will not be near so vigorous as when the main maln branch reta retains lifs a vertical direction when a mulberry has ha produced J ay I 1 4 1 I t 11 ird idd sabu lb I 1 3 left mft 1 1 I 1 ifa ita t it epply ne neMo VJ it ois i llew liew I 1 ilfe iffe r following 9 year can same operation ratio n lor tor layers ove third hird by cuttings the propagation of the berry treeby cuttings would be exceedingly advantage nta bu s and the he only one gnp I should advise if afu it were e as infallible an ad deasy as bys by sowing the seed peed to obtain string cuttings you must cut off from a mulberry of which the variety yarley is good yearly shoots before started d sa V your youn cuttings id ij aigul soil goli and they 1 should be exposed to the S suns rays the planting according to the soil and ana climate must vary brorn from ten to twenty inches deep in a moist sell split and cool climate th they ey must san biot riot ot be planted so deep because the tho th first roots are formed at the base of the cuttings and that formation of roots cannot take place on a damp soil should you place them beyond tho the depth death where that extremity i must Q atmospheric mo influence I 1 fi bence IS i ates on the contrary if the soil specially is but bubb a little moist it is expedient to bury them deegin deep in order to prevent the drying of the shoots nature will act in warm climates at twenty inches n eh es deelas it acts nets in abol climates soils at atthe the depth of ten inches the planters sagacity saji list guide gulde ity must ma branches which are destined to start roots must be yearly shoots and it is needful that their thelt length be regulated ly ahe the depth of twe the pladel ng wh aeve r may be that depth from fo four r to 10 five inches inch ea at all least feast must remain out oat OC the ground that is four or nive five bv buds ds TA the small shoots provided that they are perfectly ripe are preferable the thee ability of siles in an inverted ratio of the cutting if sie slie it 19 adient to cut off the external end that cut produces a too top great perdition de of the sap and will kill the eui cui cutting ting yb tb prevent that you must burn the eli ell end ena with a hot iron ua as asit 3 it is ici that precaution which seems so trifling isan isau is an essential condition condit ign ibn to rue sue cess eess in order to dispense with wha that thab operation impracticable upon uan a i jaroe laroe i large jarge scale it is better not to cut the ther end 1 fifth if the e were not plant planted bd every one will soon give an external token of life the buds will swell and bloom but until the cuttings are provided with roots toots itil tho the beaves will appear yellowish green and they will increase but little bittle the buds only of those having eairly fairly ralpj taken root roof will pr present the natural color of the leaf and they will form a shoot whose growth will be perceptible tb then en the planter must suppress very ax carefully ceru i t he 0 upper I 1 buds of the shoot until a single one penia penis ia is left that suppression klon ilon must be performed peris peria two erthree or three time times satan batan at an interval of ten or twelve days day 10 begin beginning hing at the uppermost however you must preserve the bud which pie presents the finest and most healthful appearance As soon as the vegetation of the cuttings will leave no doubt as to the formation of roots hoe the ground frequently to facilitate the spread and growth groothof grow of the roots keep the soil moist by irrigation during summer and especially in the spring bl before e the formation of the roots yeti yet too much mois mols moisture dould vo uld be injurious cm qa naturally damp soils a as i a atoo tob tou frequent irrigation will rot the bark of the cutting and prevent its growth A large quantity of cuttings can be planted on a very small piece of grou ground ild iid in the of 10 to 12 rods about a thousand cuttings can be planted placing them at four or fi nive five ve in inches ches asunder such space apace is lelent sufficient the tho first year on the following year they must be carefully pulled out im order if possible sible sibie to preserve all the roots and then they are planted in a in three years yearn they will vill ber beas large ai as tile the mulberry trees proceeding from seed in four or five y years enis A cles nursery ursery G 31 jn order ordez 10 forim formia a arst c blaag W nursery i several conditions are indispensable ebli a rich soil the selection of the species and the height of the trees your readers being sufficiently acquainted with my meaning oa og a rich soil I 1 will only tre treat at here hare op thes thea the selection election of the species and the height of the trees to obtain first class mulberry tr tras ea 4 is desirable that the practice of making makino plantation with layers layer 4 or with cuttings should become general in uta utah ilk lit the trees proceeding from thesa two processes are ai better betten adapted than any other to form fitso firs pass lass nurseries especially if tho the layers and nd cuttings arise anio from good varAe vante varieties ties in the meantime I 1 will dis dig course on tha tb formation of cit nurseries with seedlings the meth methods ada for planting 1 and training being exactly acal he the same anilda ff mering fering only onis as to thel different e ut disposition af pf the roots but good common senja mul t ru guide arde tha plant er in betting the tho roos m ordeny ordery |
